Mixe and English/Contrastive Grammar

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Grammatical differences

1 & 2

very different grammatical tags on verbs

Verb grammatical tags
mto eng
aspect: <icpl>, <cpl>, <irr> tense: <pres>, <past>, etc.
independent vs. dependent predicates; <idt>, <dep> --

On predicate types in mto:

  • Independent predicates are part of an affirmative clause that has no pre-verbal elements that are associated with dependent clauses. Such elements include adverbs, interrogative pronouns, quantifiers, auxiliary verbs, negation, and others.

2

In Mixe, the order of subject, object, and agent arguments is relatively free compared to in English.

Most common word orders in Mixe:

  • SV
  • V (with the subject or agent not explicit)
  • OV

For verbs with two explicit arguments, both SOV and OSV are common. S and O are distinguished by verb morphology, not by argument order.

In English, on the other hand, clauses are often SVO, and argument order distinguishes between types of arguments.

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