http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Abullen1LING073 - User contributions [en]2026-10-25T03:01:59ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.27.7http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22628Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:38:51Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182% ///<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865% ///<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.corpus.large.txt'''<br />
Coverage: ~0.44848334981866139136<br />
Number of words: 116K<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22627Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:29:11Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182% ///<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865% ///<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
Coverage:<br />
Number of words: 116K<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22626Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:28:41Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182% ///<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865% ///<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
Coverage:<br />
Number of words: 116K<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22625Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:28:25Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182%<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865%<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
Coverage:<br />
Number of words: 116K<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22624Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:27:13Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182%<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865%<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
Coverage:<br />
Number of words:<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22623Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:27:04Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182%<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865%<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
<br />
Coverage:<br />
Number of words:<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22622Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:26:36Z<p>Abullen1: /* Final Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
'''Updated Transducer Precision:''' 99.71182%<br />
'''Updated Transducer Recall:''' 44.81865%<br />
'''Totals:''' 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
<br />
'''Coverage:'''<br />
'''Number of words:'''<br />
<br />
'''Transducer Stems Entries'''<br />
<br />
Total Lexicon Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English&diff=22621Kamba and English2023-05-11T23:24:57Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>=Resources for Machine Translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kamba Kamba] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]=<br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
Kamba Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam<br />
<br />
English Transducer: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-eng<br />
<br />
Kamba → English Parallel Corpus: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng-corpus/tree/main<br />
<br />
Kamba --> English Translation Pair: https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp23/ling073-kam-eng<br />
<br />
==Kamba → English Evaluation==<br />
* Coverage for monolingual transducer: 149 / 310<br />
* Coverage for bilingual transducer: 129 / 308<br />
<br />
===10 Sentences===<br />
1) '''Original Sentence:''' Ilinda yii ni yaasa.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This dress is long.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^linda<n><cl5><sg>/dress<n><cl5><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl5><sg>/this<dem><det><cl5><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^asa<adj><cl5><sg>/long<adj><sint><cl5><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #dress #this #be #long <br />
<br />
2) '''Original Sentence:''' Vulana ii ni nene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This jersey is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^vulana<n><cl9><sg>/jersey<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #jersey #this #be #big<br />
<br />
3) '''Original Sentence:''' Muvuko uu ni munene.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This bag is big.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vuko<n><cl3><sg>/Bag<n><cl3><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl1><sg>/this<dem><det><cl1><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl1><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl1><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl1><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #bag #this #be #big<br />
<br />
4) '''Original Sentence:''' Ngovia ii ni nini.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' This hat is small.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^govia<n><cl9><sg>/hat<n><cl9><sg>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^nene<adj><cl9><sg>/big<adj><sint><cl9><sg>/great<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #hat #this #be #big<br />
<br />
5) '''Original Sentence:''' Sokisi ni nguvi.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' The socks are short.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^sokisi<n><cl9><sg>/socks<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^guvi<adj><cl9><sg>/short<adj><sint> <cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #socks #be #short<br />
<br />
6) '''Original Sentence:''' Na syaatu ii ni nzau.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' But these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^aatu<n><cl8><pl>/shoes<n><cl8><pl>$ ^a<dem><det><cl9><sg>/this<dem><det><cl9><sg>$ ^ĩ<vbser><prc>/be<vbser><prc>$ ^*nzaũ/*nzaũ$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' but #shoes #this #be *nzaũ<br />
<br />
7) '''Original Sentence:''' Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. <br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^bũi<n><cl9><sg>/goat<n><cl9><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^giti<n><cl9><sg>/dog<n><cl9><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^G’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/Cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*mai/*mai$ ^nyanya<n><cl2><pl>/friend<n><cl2><pl>$ ^nene<adj><cl2><pl>/big<adj><sint><cl2><pl>/great<adj><sint> <cl2><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #goat, #dog but #Cow *mai #friend #big<br />
<br />
8) '''Original Sentence:''' Muthenyia umwe maendie kyalo na ngali.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' One day they went on a journey in a taxi.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^thenya<n><cl3><sg>/day<n><cl3><sg>$ ^mwe<num><cl3><sg>/one<num><cl3><sg>$ ^*maendi/*maendi$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$ ^na<cnjcoo>/but<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^gali<n><cl9><sg>/taxi<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #day #one *maendi #journey but #taxi<br />
<br />
9) '''Original Sentence:''' Mavika kwisho wa kyaloi, ndeleva amea maive tikiti.<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' When they reached the end of their <br />
journey, the driver asked them to pay their fares.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^Vik<vblex><perf><p3><pl>/Go<vblex><perf><p3><pl>$ ^*kwisho/*kwisho$ ^wa<pr>/of<pr>$ ^alo<n><cl7><sg>/journey<n><cl7><sg>$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^deleva<n><cl9><sg>/driver<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*amea/*amea$ ^*maive/*maive$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #Go *kwisho of #journey, #driver *amea *maive #fare.<br />
<br />
10) '''Original Sentence:''' Ng’ombe aiva tikiti wake<br />
<br />
'''Intended English Translation:''' Cow paid her fare.<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc-biltrans (lexical transfer) mode:''' ^g’ombe<n><cl9><sg>/cow<n><cl9><sg>$ ^*aiva/*aiva$ ^tikiti<n><cl9><sg>/fare<n><cl9><sg>$ ^ake<prn>/her<prn>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$<br />
<br />
'''The output of your xyz-abc (full translation) mode:''' #cow *aiva #fare #her<br />
<br />
==Additions==<br />
<br />
1. Additional Stems: added 87 noun stems and 38 adjective stems!<br />
<br />
2. Expanded morphology: implemented noun prefix morphology for classes 10/11, 12/13, 14/6, and 15/6. Then added adjective prefix morphology as well for those (which follows the same patterns mostly that noun prefixes do, but there are some classes with variations, so we still had to do them separately instead of using the same set of prefixes for both.<br />
<br />
3. More twol rules: added 6 more to deal with producing the right forms for the added noun classes above. <br />
<br />
=Final Evaluation=<br />
<br />
Updated Transducer Precision: 99.71182%<br />
Updated Transducer Recall: 44.81865%<br />
Totals: 364 forms, 346 tp, 1 fp, 0 tn, 426 fn<br />
<br />
'''kam.large.corpus.txt'''<br />
Coverage:<br />
Number of words:<br />
<br />
Transducer Stems Entries: 350<br />
<br />
Counts for individual lexicons:<br />
Punctuation: 22<br />
Preposition: 3<br />
CoorConj: 1<br />
Interjection: 2<br />
Anthroponym: 1<br />
Adverb: 4<br />
Pronoun: 1<br />
ClassPrefix: 18<br />
NounStem: 128<br />
PossessedSuffix: 2<br />
PossessivePrnPrefix: 4<br />
PossessivePrnStem: 6<br />
AdjClassPrefix: 18<br />
AdjectiveStem: 47<br />
NumAdjPrefix: 3<br />
NumeralAdjStem: 1<br />
DemPrefix: 10<br />
DemonstrativeStem: 3<br />
PresentContinuousCircumfix: 1<br />
SubjectPrefix: 9<br />
TenseSign: 5<br />
VerbRoot: 14<br />
PerfectPrefix: 1<br />
PerfectSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
PerfectSuffix: 2<br />
PositiveRecentPastCircumfix: 1<br />
NRPSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
NegativeRecentPastSuffix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastPrefix: 1<br />
PositiveImmediatePastSuffix: 1<br />
FUTSubjectPrefix: 6<br />
Suffix: 1<br />
CopPrefix: 6<br />
CTensePrefix: 3<br />
CopRoot: 1<br />
Numeral: 10<br />
All anonymous lexicons: 1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_TranslationPairs]] [[Category:Kamba]] [[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai/Final_Project&diff=22309Maasai/Final Project2023-05-07T17:23:20Z<p>Abullen1: /* Notes */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Transducer for Maasai=<br />
Transducer Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
==Classes/Tenses Added==<br />
*Nouns: nominative, accusative, vocative<br />
*Adjectives<br />
*Verbs: present, imperfect, past<br />
<br />
==Morphtests==<br />
<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Note: all of the grammar books just say that there is no set rule to form the plural of nouns (or adjectives), so just memorize, so we're gonna do that too.<br />
<br />
====Nominative====<br />
<br />
Feminine: en prefix in the singular and in in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilee}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoito}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}} <br />
<br />
Masculine: ol prefix in the singular and il in the plural <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilewa}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}}<br />
<br />
Neuter: only one noun is neuter haha, prefixes are e in the singular and i in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|wueji{{tag|n}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ewueji}}<br />
<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|arriyia}} <br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|arriyak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|bioto}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|biot}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|dalut}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|daluti}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|asipani}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|asipak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|kitok}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|kituaak}}<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
<br />
====Present Tense====<br />
prefix + root<br />
"to follow" <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esuj}}<br />
"to wash"<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|iisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|iisujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|eisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|eisuj}}<br />
<br />
====Imperfect Progressive====<br />
prefix + root + suffix<br />
"to follow"<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esujita}}<br />
<br />
====Past====<br />
a + (t vowel) + root + suffix<br />
<br />
various changes based on root vowel being open and closed<br />
*{{morphTest|yer{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ateyera}}<br />
*{{morphTest|gil{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atigila}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atusuja}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iyam{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aiyama}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iken{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aikena}}<br />
*{{morphTest|inos{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ainosa}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuja}}<br />
<br />
===Narrative===<br />
n + vowel + present tense form <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|nasuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|nikisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|nisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|nisujisuji}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|nesuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|nesuj}}<br />
<br />
==Analyser Evaluation==<br />
<br />
===Precision and Recall===<br />
Totals: 152 forms, 199 tp, 8 fp, 0 tn, 111 fn<br />
<br />
Precision: 100.00000%<br />
<br />
Recall: 65.92357%<br />
<br />
===Current Coverage===<br />
(Bible Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 61.5%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 803<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.0880 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
<br />
(Narratives Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 52.2%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 468<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1255 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
<br />
(Stories Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 54.6%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 34<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1622 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
===Number of Stems in the Transducer===<br />
<br />
===Top Unknown Words===<br />
(Across Corpora)<br />
<br />
14 ^ninche/*ninche$<br />
13 ^ina/*ina$<br />
13 ^Daudi/*Daudi$<br />
11 ^lelo/*lelo$<br />
10 ^tungʼana/*tungʼana$<br />
10 ^Nkai/*Nkai$<br />
9 ^Eliya/*Eliya$<br />
8 ^to/*to$<br />
8 ^ltungʼana/*ltungʼana$<br />
8 ^lenyena/*lenyena$<br />
6 ^aatookuo/*aatookuo$<br />
5 ^lotimi/*lotimi$<br />
5 ^ljipeta/*ljipeta$<br />
5 ^Inno/*Inno$<br />
4 ^p/*p$<br />
4 ^nerinyunye/*nerinyunye$<br />
4 ^neipiri/*neipiri$<br />
4 ^nedol/*nedol$<br />
4 ^naisho/*naisho$<br />
4 ^lkak/*lkak$<br />
2 ^nkaitin/*nkaitin$<br />
2 ^keeya/*keeya$<br />
2 ^Maayieu/*Maayieu$<br />
2 ^Kaayieu/*Kaayieu$<br />
1 ^tiapa/*tiapa$<br />
1 ^tenkiterunoto/*tenkiterunoto$<br />
1 ^papa/*papa$<br />
1 ^olkurruk/*olkurruk$<br />
1 ^neyam/*neyam$<br />
1 ^nemeetae/*nemeetae$<br />
<br />
===Analysis Tests===<br />
<br />
==Generator Evaluation==<br />
===Generator Tests===<br />
<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
* Number of twol rules: 8<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Maasai]][[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai/Final_Project&diff=22308Maasai/Final Project2023-05-07T17:22:23Z<p>Abullen1: /* Top Unknown Words */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Transducer for Maasai=<br />
Transducer Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
==Classes/Tenses Added==<br />
*Nouns: nominative, accusative, vocative<br />
*Adjectives<br />
*Verbs: present, imperfect, past<br />
<br />
==Morphtests==<br />
<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Note: all of the grammar books just say that there is no set rule to form the plural of nouns (or adjectives), so just memorize, so we're gonna do that too.<br />
<br />
====Nominative====<br />
<br />
Feminine: en prefix in the singular and in in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilee}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoito}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}} <br />
<br />
Masculine: ol prefix in the singular and il in the plural <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilewa}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}}<br />
<br />
Neuter: only one noun is neuter haha, prefixes are e in the singular and i in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|wueji{{tag|n}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ewueji}}<br />
<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|arriyia}} <br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|arriyak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|bioto}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|biot}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|dalut}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|daluti}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|asipani}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|asipak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|kitok}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|kituaak}}<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
<br />
====Present Tense====<br />
prefix + root<br />
"to follow" <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esuj}}<br />
"to wash"<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|iisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|iisujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|eisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|eisuj}}<br />
<br />
====Imperfect Progressive====<br />
prefix + root + suffix<br />
"to follow"<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esujita}}<br />
<br />
====Past====<br />
a + (t vowel) + root + suffix<br />
<br />
various changes based on root vowel being open and closed<br />
*{{morphTest|yer{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ateyera}}<br />
*{{morphTest|gil{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atigila}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atusuja}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iyam{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aiyama}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iken{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aikena}}<br />
*{{morphTest|inos{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ainosa}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuja}}<br />
<br />
===Narrative===<br />
n + vowel + present tense form <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|nasuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|nikisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|nisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|nisujisuji}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|nesuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|nesuj}}<br />
<br />
==Analyser Evaluation==<br />
<br />
===Precision and Recall===<br />
Totals: 152 forms, 199 tp, 8 fp, 0 tn, 111 fn<br />
<br />
Precision: 100.00000%<br />
<br />
Recall: 65.92357%<br />
<br />
===Current Coverage===<br />
(Bible Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 61.5%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 803<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.0880 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
<br />
(Narratives Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 52.2%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 468<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1255 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
<br />
(Stories Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 54.6%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 34<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1622 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
===Number of Stems in the Transducer===<br />
<br />
===Top Unknown Words===<br />
(Across Corpora)<br />
<br />
14 ^ninche/*ninche$<br />
13 ^ina/*ina$<br />
13 ^Daudi/*Daudi$<br />
11 ^lelo/*lelo$<br />
10 ^tungʼana/*tungʼana$<br />
10 ^Nkai/*Nkai$<br />
9 ^Eliya/*Eliya$<br />
8 ^to/*to$<br />
8 ^ltungʼana/*ltungʼana$<br />
8 ^lenyena/*lenyena$<br />
6 ^aatookuo/*aatookuo$<br />
5 ^lotimi/*lotimi$<br />
5 ^ljipeta/*ljipeta$<br />
5 ^Inno/*Inno$<br />
4 ^p/*p$<br />
4 ^nerinyunye/*nerinyunye$<br />
4 ^neipiri/*neipiri$<br />
4 ^nedol/*nedol$<br />
4 ^naisho/*naisho$<br />
4 ^lkak/*lkak$<br />
2 ^nkaitin/*nkaitin$<br />
2 ^keeya/*keeya$<br />
2 ^Maayieu/*Maayieu$<br />
2 ^Kaayieu/*Kaayieu$<br />
1 ^tiapa/*tiapa$<br />
1 ^tenkiterunoto/*tenkiterunoto$<br />
1 ^papa/*papa$<br />
1 ^olkurruk/*olkurruk$<br />
1 ^neyam/*neyam$<br />
1 ^nemeetae/*nemeetae$<br />
<br />
===Analysis Tests===<br />
<br />
==Generator Evaluation==<br />
===Generator Tests===<br />
<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
* Number of twol rules: <br />
* <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Maasai]][[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai/Final_Project&diff=22307Maasai/Final Project2023-05-07T17:22:08Z<p>Abullen1: /* Current Coverage */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Transducer for Maasai=<br />
Transducer Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
==Classes/Tenses Added==<br />
*Nouns: nominative, accusative, vocative<br />
*Adjectives<br />
*Verbs: present, imperfect, past<br />
<br />
==Morphtests==<br />
<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Note: all of the grammar books just say that there is no set rule to form the plural of nouns (or adjectives), so just memorize, so we're gonna do that too.<br />
<br />
====Nominative====<br />
<br />
Feminine: en prefix in the singular and in in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilee}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoito}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}} <br />
<br />
Masculine: ol prefix in the singular and il in the plural <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilewa}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}}<br />
<br />
Neuter: only one noun is neuter haha, prefixes are e in the singular and i in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|wueji{{tag|n}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ewueji}}<br />
<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|arriyia}} <br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|arriyak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|bioto}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|biot}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|dalut}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|daluti}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|asipani}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|asipak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|kitok}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|kituaak}}<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
<br />
====Present Tense====<br />
prefix + root<br />
"to follow" <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esuj}}<br />
"to wash"<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|iisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|iisujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|eisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|eisuj}}<br />
<br />
====Imperfect Progressive====<br />
prefix + root + suffix<br />
"to follow"<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esujita}}<br />
<br />
====Past====<br />
a + (t vowel) + root + suffix<br />
<br />
various changes based on root vowel being open and closed<br />
*{{morphTest|yer{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ateyera}}<br />
*{{morphTest|gil{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atigila}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atusuja}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iyam{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aiyama}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iken{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aikena}}<br />
*{{morphTest|inos{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ainosa}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuja}}<br />
<br />
===Narrative===<br />
n + vowel + present tense form <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|nasuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|nikisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|nisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|nisujisuji}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|nesuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|nesuj}}<br />
<br />
==Analyser Evaluation==<br />
<br />
===Precision and Recall===<br />
Totals: 152 forms, 199 tp, 8 fp, 0 tn, 111 fn<br />
<br />
Precision: 100.00000%<br />
<br />
Recall: 65.92357%<br />
<br />
===Current Coverage===<br />
(Bible Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 61.5%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 803<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.0880 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
<br />
(Narratives Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 52.2%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 468<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1255 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
<br />
(Stories Corpus)<br />
<br />
Coverage: 54.6%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 34<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1622 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
===Number of Stems in the Transducer===<br />
<br />
===Top Unknown Words===<br />
(Across Corpora)<br />
14 ^ninche/*ninche$<br />
13 ^ina/*ina$<br />
13 ^Daudi/*Daudi$<br />
11 ^lelo/*lelo$<br />
10 ^tungʼana/*tungʼana$<br />
10 ^Nkai/*Nkai$<br />
9 ^Eliya/*Eliya$<br />
8 ^to/*to$<br />
8 ^ltungʼana/*ltungʼana$<br />
8 ^lenyena/*lenyena$<br />
6 ^aatookuo/*aatookuo$<br />
5 ^lotimi/*lotimi$<br />
5 ^ljipeta/*ljipeta$<br />
5 ^Inno/*Inno$<br />
4 ^p/*p$<br />
4 ^nerinyunye/*nerinyunye$<br />
4 ^neipiri/*neipiri$<br />
4 ^nedol/*nedol$<br />
4 ^naisho/*naisho$<br />
4 ^lkak/*lkak$<br />
2 ^nkaitin/*nkaitin$<br />
2 ^keeya/*keeya$<br />
2 ^Maayieu/*Maayieu$<br />
2 ^Kaayieu/*Kaayieu$<br />
1 ^tiapa/*tiapa$<br />
1 ^tenkiterunoto/*tenkiterunoto$<br />
1 ^papa/*papa$<br />
1 ^olkurruk/*olkurruk$<br />
1 ^neyam/*neyam$<br />
1 ^nemeetae/*nemeetae$<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Analysis Tests===<br />
<br />
==Generator Evaluation==<br />
===Generator Tests===<br />
<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
* Number of twol rules: <br />
* <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Maasai]][[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai/Final_Project&diff=22306Maasai/Final Project2023-05-07T17:21:53Z<p>Abullen1: /* Analyser Evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Transducer for Maasai=<br />
Transducer Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
==Classes/Tenses Added==<br />
*Nouns: nominative, accusative, vocative<br />
*Adjectives<br />
*Verbs: present, imperfect, past<br />
<br />
==Morphtests==<br />
<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Note: all of the grammar books just say that there is no set rule to form the plural of nouns (or adjectives), so just memorize, so we're gonna do that too.<br />
<br />
====Nominative====<br />
<br />
Feminine: en prefix in the singular and in in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilee}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoito}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}} <br />
<br />
Masculine: ol prefix in the singular and il in the plural <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilewa}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}}<br />
<br />
Neuter: only one noun is neuter haha, prefixes are e in the singular and i in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|wueji{{tag|n}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ewueji}}<br />
<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|arriyia}} <br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|arriyak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|bioto}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|biot}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|dalut}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|daluti}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|asipani}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|asipak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|kitok}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|kituaak}}<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
<br />
====Present Tense====<br />
prefix + root<br />
"to follow" <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esuj}}<br />
"to wash"<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|iisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|iisujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|eisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|eisuj}}<br />
<br />
====Imperfect Progressive====<br />
prefix + root + suffix<br />
"to follow"<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esujita}}<br />
<br />
====Past====<br />
a + (t vowel) + root + suffix<br />
<br />
various changes based on root vowel being open and closed<br />
*{{morphTest|yer{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ateyera}}<br />
*{{morphTest|gil{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atigila}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atusuja}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iyam{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aiyama}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iken{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aikena}}<br />
*{{morphTest|inos{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ainosa}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuja}}<br />
<br />
===Narrative===<br />
n + vowel + present tense form <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|nasuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|nikisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|nisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|nisujisuji}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|nesuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|nesuj}}<br />
<br />
==Analyser Evaluation==<br />
<br />
===Precision and Recall===<br />
Totals: 152 forms, 199 tp, 8 fp, 0 tn, 111 fn<br />
<br />
Precision: 100.00000%<br />
<br />
Recall: 65.92357%<br />
<br />
===Current Coverage===<br />
(Bible Corpus)<br />
Coverage: 61.5%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 803<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.0880 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
(Narratives Corpus)<br />
Coverage: 52.2%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 468<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1255 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
(Stories Corpus)<br />
Coverage: 54.6%<br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: 34<br />
<br />
Ambiguity: 1.1622 (after disambiguation)<br />
<br />
===Number of Stems in the Transducer===<br />
<br />
===Top Unknown Words===<br />
(Across Corpora)<br />
14 ^ninche/*ninche$<br />
13 ^ina/*ina$<br />
13 ^Daudi/*Daudi$<br />
11 ^lelo/*lelo$<br />
10 ^tungʼana/*tungʼana$<br />
10 ^Nkai/*Nkai$<br />
9 ^Eliya/*Eliya$<br />
8 ^to/*to$<br />
8 ^ltungʼana/*ltungʼana$<br />
8 ^lenyena/*lenyena$<br />
6 ^aatookuo/*aatookuo$<br />
5 ^lotimi/*lotimi$<br />
5 ^ljipeta/*ljipeta$<br />
5 ^Inno/*Inno$<br />
4 ^p/*p$<br />
4 ^nerinyunye/*nerinyunye$<br />
4 ^neipiri/*neipiri$<br />
4 ^nedol/*nedol$<br />
4 ^naisho/*naisho$<br />
4 ^lkak/*lkak$<br />
2 ^nkaitin/*nkaitin$<br />
2 ^keeya/*keeya$<br />
2 ^Maayieu/*Maayieu$<br />
2 ^Kaayieu/*Kaayieu$<br />
1 ^tiapa/*tiapa$<br />
1 ^tenkiterunoto/*tenkiterunoto$<br />
1 ^papa/*papa$<br />
1 ^olkurruk/*olkurruk$<br />
1 ^neyam/*neyam$<br />
1 ^nemeetae/*nemeetae$<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Analysis Tests===<br />
<br />
==Generator Evaluation==<br />
===Generator Tests===<br />
<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
* Number of twol rules: <br />
* <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Maasai]][[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai/Final_Project&diff=22299Maasai/Final Project2023-05-07T17:12:16Z<p>Abullen1: /* Narrative */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Transducer for Maasai=<br />
Transducer Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
==Classes/Tenses Added==<br />
*Nouns: nominative, accusative, vocative<br />
*Adjectives<br />
*Verbs: present, imperfect, past<br />
<br />
==Morphtests==<br />
<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Note: all of the grammar books just say that there is no set rule to form the plural of nouns (or adjectives), so just memorize, so we're gonna do that too.<br />
<br />
====Nominative====<br />
<br />
Feminine: en prefix in the singular and in in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilee}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}} <br />
<br />
Masculine: ol prefix in the singular and il in the plural <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olayioni}} <br />
*{{morphTest|ayioni{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilayiok}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olpayian}} <br />
*{{morphTest|payian{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilpayiani}} <br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|olee}}<br />
*{{morphTest|lee{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ilee}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|osoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|soit{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|isoit}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|oreyiet}} <br />
*{{morphTest|reyiet{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ireyieta}}<br />
<br />
Neuter: only one noun is neuter haha, prefixes are e in the singular and i in the plural<br />
*{{morphTest|wueji{{tag|n}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nom}}|ewueji}}<br />
<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|arriyia}} <br />
*{{morphTest|arriyia{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|arriyak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|bioto}}<br />
*{{morphTest|bioto{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|biot}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|dalut}}<br />
*{{morphTest|dalut{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|daluti}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|asipani}}<br />
*{{morphTest|asipani{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|asipak}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}|kitok}}<br />
*{{morphTest|kitok{{tag|adj}}{{tag|pl}}|kituaak}}<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
<br />
====Present Tense====<br />
prefix + root<br />
"to follow" <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esuj}}<br />
"to wash"<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|iisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|iisujusuju}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|eisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|eisuj}}<br />
<br />
====Imperfect Progressive====<br />
prefix + root + suffix<br />
"to follow"<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|asujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|kisujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|isujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|isujitata}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|esujita}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|prs_impf}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|esujita}}<br />
<br />
====Past====<br />
a + (t vowel) + root + suffix<br />
<br />
various changes based on root vowel being open and closed<br />
*{{morphTest|yer{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ateyera}}<br />
*{{morphTest|gil{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atigila}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|atusuja}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iyam{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aiyama}}<br />
*{{morphTest|iken{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aikena}}<br />
*{{morphTest|inos{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|ainosa}}<br />
*{{morphTest|isuj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|aisuja}}<br />
<br />
===Narrative===<br />
n + vowel + present tense form <br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|nasuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|nikisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|nisuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|nisujisuji}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|nesuj}}<br />
*{{morphTest|suj{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|narr}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|nesuj}}<br />
<br />
==Analyser Evaluation==<br />
<br />
===Precision and Recall===<br />
Totals: <br />
<br />
Precision:<br />
<br />
Recall:<br />
<br />
===Current Coverage===<br />
Coverage: <br />
<br />
Remaining Unknown forms: <br />
<br />
Ambiguity:<br />
<br />
===Number of Stems in the Transducer===<br />
<br />
===Top Unknown Words===<br />
<br />
<br />
===Analysis Tests===<br />
<br />
<br />
==Generator Evaluation==<br />
===Generator Tests===<br />
<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
* Number of twol rules: <br />
* <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Maasai]][[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai&diff=22298Maasai2023-05-07T17:11:12Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>Language Code: <code>Mas</code><br />
<br />
=Resources=<br />
<br />
==Developed Resources==<br />
Transducer Github Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
Final Project Wiki Page: <code>https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Maasai/Final_Project#Transducer_for_Maasai</code><br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
<br />
===Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries===<br />
* https://archive.org/details/vocabularyofengu00erha/page/n115/mode/2up <br />
* https://pages.uoregon.edu/maasai/Maa%20Lexicon/lexicon/main.htm <br />
* https://pages.uoregon.edu/maasai/ <br />
* https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai//Maa%20Language/maling.htm <br />
<br />
===Grammars===<br />
* https://archive.org/details/masailanguagegra00hindrich/page/16/mode/2up <br />
* https://www.worldcat.org/title/lessons-in-maa-a-grammar-of-maasai-language/oclc/885025907<br />
* https://ia801605.us.archive.org/25/items/masaitheirlangua00holluoft/masaitheirlangua00holluoft.pdf <br />
* https://www.livelingua.com/course/peace_corps/maasai_language_lessons <br />
* http://ilanguages.org/maasai_grammar.php<br />
<br />
===Linguistic Papers===<br />
* <br />
<br />
===Corpora===<br />
* https://www.academia.edu/35734824/The_Masai_their_language_and_folklore_by_A_C_Hollis_with_introduction_by_Sir_Charles_Eliot_pdf<br />
<br />
===Our GitHub Corpora Repository===<br />
Corpora Repo: <code>https://github.com/abullen1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23 ResourceDocumentation]]<br />
[[Category:Maasai]]<br />
[[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai&diff=22024Maasai2023-05-03T15:24:26Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>Language Code: <code>Mas</code><br />
<br />
=Resources=<br />
<br />
==Developed Resources==<br />
Transducer Github Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
Final Project Wiki Page: <code>https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Maasai/Final_Project#Transducer_for_Maasai</code><br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
<br />
===Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries===<br />
* https://archive.org/details/vocabularyofengu00erha/page/n115/mode/2up <br />
* https://pages.uoregon.edu/maasai/Maa%20Lexicon/lexicon/main.htm <br />
* https://pages.uoregon.edu/maasai/ <br />
* https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai//Maa%20Language/maling.htm <br />
<br />
===Grammars===<br />
* https://archive.org/details/masailanguagegra00hindrich/page/16/mode/2up <br />
* https://www.worldcat.org/title/lessons-in-maa-a-grammar-of-maasai-language/oclc/885025907<br />
* https://ia801605.us.archive.org/25/items/masaitheirlangua00holluoft/masaitheirlangua00holluoft.pdf <br />
* https://www.livelingua.com/course/peace_corps/maasai_language_lessons <br />
* http://ilanguages.org/maasai_grammar.php<br />
<br />
===Linguistic Papers===<br />
* <br />
<br />
===Corpora===<br />
* https://www.academia.edu/35734824/The_Masai_their_language_and_folklore_by_A_C_Hollis_with_introduction_by_Sir_Charles_Eliot_pdf<br />
<br />
===Our GitHub Corpora Repository===<br />
Corpora Repo: <code>https://github.com/abullen1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
=Grammar Sketch=<br />
<br />
== Present Tense ==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23 ResourceDocumentation]]<br />
[[Category:Maasai]]<br />
[[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Maasai&diff=22023Maasai2023-05-03T15:22:41Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>Language Code: <code>Mas</code><br />
==Developed Resources==<br />
Corpus Github Repo: <code>https://github.com/abullen1/ling073-mas-corpora </code><br />
Transducer Github Repo: <code>https://github.com/kdandy1/ling073-mas </code><br />
Final Project Wiki Page: <code>https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Maasai/Final_Project#Transducer_for_Maasai</code><br />
<br />
==External Resources==<br />
<br />
===Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries===<br />
* https://archive.org/details/vocabularyofengu00erha/page/n115/mode/2up <br />
* https://pages.uoregon.edu/maasai/Maa%20Lexicon/lexicon/main.htm <br />
* https://pages.uoregon.edu/maasai/ <br />
* https://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~maasai//Maa%20Language/maling.htm <br />
<br />
===Grammars===<br />
* https://archive.org/details/masailanguagegra00hindrich/page/16/mode/2up <br />
* https://www.worldcat.org/title/lessons-in-maa-a-grammar-of-maasai-language/oclc/885025907<br />
* https://ia801605.us.archive.org/25/items/masaitheirlangua00holluoft/masaitheirlangua00holluoft.pdf <br />
* https://www.livelingua.com/course/peace_corps/maasai_language_lessons <br />
* http://ilanguages.org/maasai_grammar.php<br />
<br />
===Linguistic Papers===<br />
* <br />
<br />
===Corpora===<br />
* https://www.academia.edu/35734824/The_Masai_their_language_and_folklore_by_A_C_Hollis_with_introduction_by_Sir_Charles_Eliot_pdf<br />
<br />
===Our GitHub Corpora Repository===<br />
Corpora Repo: <code>https://github.com/abullen1/ling073-mas </code><br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23 ResourceDocumentation]]<br />
[[Category:Maasai]]<br />
[[Category:sp23_FinalProjects]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Category:Sp23_FinalProjects&diff=21648Category:Sp23 FinalProjects2023-04-27T15:11:54Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>{|class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! group !! project <br />
|-<br />
| Aaliyah, Jadyn, Keira || New <code>vmw</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Alina &amp; Sasha || Expand and publish <code>uum</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Athena, Rhea, Rowan || Keyboard layout suite for <code>wol</code><br />
|-<br />
| Bua &amp; Mark || Expand and publish <code>shn</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Emilio &amp; Niall || Transducer and spellchecker for <code>mwl</code><br />
|-<br />
| Emily || Structural transfer for <code>ami-eng</code><br />
|-<br />
| Emrys || New [[Mchalfo1/Final_Project|<code>pwn</code> transducer]]<br />
|-<br />
| Finn &amp; Henry || Expand and publish <code>abe</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Fiona &amp; Sam || Expand and publish <code>qwh</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Levin, Yang, Yue || Orthographic conversion / multiscript transducer for <code>jya</code><br />
|-<br />
| Lonnie || Python vs. HFST for analysis of <code>ami</code><br />
|-<br />
| Paulina &amp; Tehya || New <code>roh</code> transducer<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Final projects]]<br />
[[Category:Spring 2023]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/ContrastiveGrammar&diff=21646Kamba and English/ContrastiveGrammar2023-04-27T15:07:27Z<p>Abullen1: /* Complex Verb Tense System */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Kam-Eng Tests ==<br />
=== Sentence Structure / Word Order ===<br />
{{comment|Double check your English tags against <code>eng-morph</code>/<code>eng-tagger</code>. Some of the tags don't look right. - JNW}}<br />
<br />
When translating from Kamba to English, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match English word order, and also translate the demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective correctly. Similarly, when translating from English to Kamba, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match Kamba word order and ensure that you use the correct demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|linda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|sg}} long{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
In kamba the sentence directly/literally translates to “dress this is long” in english the determiner precedes the noun.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|Vulana ii ni nene.| This jersey is big.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Vulana{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} jersey{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} big{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
=== Noun Classes ===<br />
{{comment|I don't think this is an actual translation problem? -JNW}}<br />
<br />
The noun class system in Kamba is another significant contrastive grammar difference between Kamba and English. In Kamba, nouns are classified into different categories or classes based on their characteristics, such as their gender, shape, size, and other features. Noun prefixes can change depending on various factors such as the tense, aspect, and mood of the verb in the sentence. <br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ilinda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} long{{tag|adj}}<br />
.}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, the noun class 5 prefix "i-" is added to the noun "ilinda" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|govia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
The noun class 9 prefix "n-" is added to the noun "ngovia" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
=== Adjective Classes ===<br />
{{comment|this probably isn't a translation problem. -JNW}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, adjectives are classified into different classes based on the noun they modify. In Kamba, each adjective corresponds to a specific noun class. The adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in terms of gender and number, as well as class. Conversely, when translating from English to Kamba, the adjective must be placed after the noun and its form must be adjusted to match the noun class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Complex Verb Tense System ===<br />
{{comment|double check your test templates}}<br />
<br />
Kamba has a complex verb system that includes tense, aspect, mood, and negation markers. In English, tense, aspect, mood, and negation are often expressed using separate words or constructions, while in Kamba, these features are marked using specific affixes attached to the verb stem.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbũi, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|bũi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} giti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} na{{tag|cnjcoo}} g'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|pip}} nyanya{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}}nene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} | Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|cnjcoo}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In this example, the verb "to be" is conjugated to the positive remote past tense form of the verb, "were". The prefix for the third person plural (they) would be "ma-".<br />
<br />
=== No Definite articles ===<br />
In English, we use the definite article "the" to refer to specific or previously mentioned nouns. For example, "the dog" refers to a particular dog that has already been mentioned or is known to both the speaker and listener. However, in Kamba, there is no equivalent definite article. Instead, the noun classes and contextual information are used to indicate specificity.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Sokisi ni nguvi.|The socks are short.}}<br />
*:{{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Sokisi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} guvi{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|The {{tag|null}} sock{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|vbser}} short{{tag|adj}}}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/ContrastiveGrammar&diff=21642Kamba and English/ContrastiveGrammar2023-04-27T15:05:15Z<p>Abullen1: /* Complex Verb Tense System */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Kam-Eng Tests ==<br />
=== Sentence Structure / Word Order ===<br />
{{comment|Double check your English tags against <code>eng-morph</code>/<code>eng-tagger</code>. Some of the tags don't look right. - JNW}}<br />
<br />
When translating from Kamba to English, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match English word order, and also translate the demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective correctly. Similarly, when translating from English to Kamba, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match Kamba word order and ensure that you use the correct demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|linda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|sg}} long{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
In kamba the sentence directly/literally translates to “dress this is long” in english the determiner precedes the noun.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|Vulana ii ni nene.| This jersey is big.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Vulana{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} jersey{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} big{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
=== Noun Classes ===<br />
{{comment|I don't think this is an actual translation problem? -JNW}}<br />
<br />
The noun class system in Kamba is another significant contrastive grammar difference between Kamba and English. In Kamba, nouns are classified into different categories or classes based on their characteristics, such as their gender, shape, size, and other features. Noun prefixes can change depending on various factors such as the tense, aspect, and mood of the verb in the sentence. <br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ilinda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} long{{tag|adj}}<br />
.}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, the noun class 5 prefix "i-" is added to the noun "ilinda" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|govia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
The noun class 9 prefix "n-" is added to the noun "ngovia" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
=== Adjective Classes ===<br />
{{comment|this probably isn't a translation problem. -JNW}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, adjectives are classified into different classes based on the noun they modify. In Kamba, each adjective corresponds to a specific noun class. The adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in terms of gender and number, as well as class. Conversely, when translating from English to Kamba, the adjective must be placed after the noun and its form must be adjusted to match the noun class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Complex Verb Tense System ===<br />
{{comment|double check your test templates}}<br />
<br />
Kamba has a complex verb system that includes tense, aspect, mood, and negation markers. In English, tense, aspect, mood, and negation are often expressed using separate words or constructions, while in Kamba, these features are marked using specific affixes attached to the verb stem.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbũi, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|bũi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} giti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} na{{tag|cnjcoo}} g'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}}{tag|pip}} nyanya{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}}nene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} | Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|cnjcoo}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In this example, the verb "to be" is conjugated to the positive remote past tense form of the verb, "were". The prefix for the third person plural (they) would be "ma-".<br />
<br />
=== No Definite articles ===<br />
In English, we use the definite article "the" to refer to specific or previously mentioned nouns. For example, "the dog" refers to a particular dog that has already been mentioned or is known to both the speaker and listener. However, in Kamba, there is no equivalent definite article. Instead, the noun classes and contextual information are used to indicate specificity.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Sokisi ni nguvi.|The socks are short.}}<br />
*:{{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Sokisi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} guvi{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|The {{tag|null}} sock{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|vbser}} short{{tag|adj}}}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/ContrastiveGrammar&diff=21641Kamba and English/ContrastiveGrammar2023-04-27T15:04:42Z<p>Abullen1: /* Complex Verb Tense System */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Kam-Eng Tests ==<br />
=== Sentence Structure / Word Order ===<br />
{{comment|Double check your English tags against <code>eng-morph</code>/<code>eng-tagger</code>. Some of the tags don't look right. - JNW}}<br />
<br />
When translating from Kamba to English, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match English word order, and also translate the demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective correctly. Similarly, when translating from English to Kamba, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match Kamba word order and ensure that you use the correct demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|linda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|sg}} long{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
In kamba the sentence directly/literally translates to “dress this is long” in english the determiner precedes the noun.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|Vulana ii ni nene.| This jersey is big.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Vulana{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} jersey{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} big{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
=== Noun Classes ===<br />
{{comment|I don't think this is an actual translation problem? -JNW}}<br />
<br />
The noun class system in Kamba is another significant contrastive grammar difference between Kamba and English. In Kamba, nouns are classified into different categories or classes based on their characteristics, such as their gender, shape, size, and other features. Noun prefixes can change depending on various factors such as the tense, aspect, and mood of the verb in the sentence. <br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ilinda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} long{{tag|adj}}<br />
.}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, the noun class 5 prefix "i-" is added to the noun "ilinda" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|govia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
The noun class 9 prefix "n-" is added to the noun "ngovia" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
=== Adjective Classes ===<br />
{{comment|this probably isn't a translation problem. -JNW}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, adjectives are classified into different classes based on the noun they modify. In Kamba, each adjective corresponds to a specific noun class. The adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in terms of gender and number, as well as class. Conversely, when translating from English to Kamba, the adjective must be placed after the noun and its form must be adjusted to match the noun class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Complex Verb Tense System ===<br />
{{comment|double check your test templates}}<br />
<br />
Kamba has a complex verb system that includes tense, aspect, mood, and negation markers. In English, tense, aspect, mood, and negation are often expressed using separate words or constructions, while in Kamba, these features are marked using specific affixes attached to the verb stem.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbũi, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|bũi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} giti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} na{{tag|cnjcoo}} g'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}}{tag|pip}} nyanya{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}}nene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|cnjcoo}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In this example, the verb "to be" is conjugated to the positive remote past tense form of the verb, "were". The prefix for the third person plural (they) would be "ma-".<br />
<br />
=== No Definite articles ===<br />
In English, we use the definite article "the" to refer to specific or previously mentioned nouns. For example, "the dog" refers to a particular dog that has already been mentioned or is known to both the speaker and listener. However, in Kamba, there is no equivalent definite article. Instead, the noun classes and contextual information are used to indicate specificity.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Sokisi ni nguvi.|The socks are short.}}<br />
*:{{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Sokisi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} guvi{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|The {{tag|null}} sock{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|vbser}} short{{tag|adj}}}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/ContrastiveGrammar&diff=21631Kamba and English/ContrastiveGrammar2023-04-27T14:57:39Z<p>Abullen1: /* No Definite articles */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Kam-Eng Tests ==<br />
=== Sentence Structure / Word Order ===<br />
{{comment|Double check your English tags against <code>eng-morph</code>/<code>eng-tagger</code>. Some of the tags don't look right. - JNW}}<br />
<br />
When translating from Kamba to English, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match English word order, and also translate the demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective correctly. Similarly, when translating from English to Kamba, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match Kamba word order and ensure that you use the correct demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|linda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|sg}} long{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
In kamba the sentence directly/literally translates to “dress this is long” in english the determiner precedes the noun.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|Vulana ii ni nene.| This jersey is big.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Vulana{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} jersey{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} big{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
=== Noun Classes ===<br />
{{comment|I don't think this is an actual translation problem? -JNW}}<br />
<br />
The noun class system in Kamba is another significant contrastive grammar difference between Kamba and English. In Kamba, nouns are classified into different categories or classes based on their characteristics, such as their gender, shape, size, and other features. Noun prefixes can change depending on various factors such as the tense, aspect, and mood of the verb in the sentence. <br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ilinda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} long{{tag|adj}}<br />
.}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, the noun class 5 prefix "i-" is added to the noun "ilinda" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|govia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
The noun class 9 prefix "n-" is added to the noun "ngovia" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
=== Adjective Classes ===<br />
{{comment|this probably isn't a translation problem. -JNW}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, adjectives are classified into different classes based on the noun they modify. In Kamba, each adjective corresponds to a specific noun class. The adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in terms of gender and number, as well as class. Conversely, when translating from English to Kamba, the adjective must be placed after the noun and its form must be adjusted to match the noun class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Complex Verb Tense System ===<br />
{{comment|double check your test templates}}<br />
<br />
Kamba has a complex verb system that includes tense, aspect, mood, and negation markers. In English, tense, aspect, mood, and negation are often expressed using separate words or constructions, while in Kamba, these features are marked using specific affixes attached to the verb stem.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}}{tag|pip}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In this example, the verb "to be" is conjugated to the positive remote past tense form of the verb, "were". The prefix for the third person plural (they) would be "ma-".<br />
<br />
=== No Definite articles ===<br />
In English, we use the definite article "the" to refer to specific or previously mentioned nouns. For example, "the dog" refers to a particular dog that has already been mentioned or is known to both the speaker and listener. However, in Kamba, there is no equivalent definite article. Instead, the noun classes and contextual information are used to indicate specificity.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Sokisi ni nguvi.|The socks are short.}}<br />
*:{{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Sokisi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} guvi{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|The {{tag|null}} sock{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|vbser}} short{{tag|adj}}}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/ContrastiveGrammar&diff=21630Kamba and English/ContrastiveGrammar2023-04-27T14:54:16Z<p>Abullen1: /* Noun Classes */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Kam-Eng Tests ==<br />
=== Sentence Structure / Word Order ===<br />
{{comment|Double check your English tags against <code>eng-morph</code>/<code>eng-tagger</code>. Some of the tags don't look right. - JNW}}<br />
<br />
When translating from Kamba to English, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match English word order, and also translate the demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective correctly. Similarly, when translating from English to Kamba, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match Kamba word order and ensure that you use the correct demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|linda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|sg}} long{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
In kamba the sentence directly/literally translates to “dress this is long” in english the determiner precedes the noun.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|Vulana ii ni nene.| This jersey is big.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Vulana{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} jersey{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} big{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
=== Noun Classes ===<br />
{{comment|I don't think this is an actual translation problem? -JNW}}<br />
<br />
The noun class system in Kamba is another significant contrastive grammar difference between Kamba and English. In Kamba, nouns are classified into different categories or classes based on their characteristics, such as their gender, shape, size, and other features. Noun prefixes can change depending on various factors such as the tense, aspect, and mood of the verb in the sentence. <br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ilinda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} long{{tag|adj}}<br />
.}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, the noun class 5 prefix "i-" is added to the noun "ilinda" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|govia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
The noun class 9 prefix "n-" is added to the noun "ngovia" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
=== Adjective Classes ===<br />
{{comment|this probably isn't a translation problem. -JNW}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, adjectives are classified into different classes based on the noun they modify. In Kamba, each adjective corresponds to a specific noun class. The adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in terms of gender and number, as well as class. Conversely, when translating from English to Kamba, the adjective must be placed after the noun and its form must be adjusted to match the noun class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Complex Verb Tense System ===<br />
{{comment|double check your test templates}}<br />
<br />
Kamba has a complex verb system that includes tense, aspect, mood, and negation markers. In English, tense, aspect, mood, and negation are often expressed using separate words or constructions, while in Kamba, these features are marked using specific affixes attached to the verb stem.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}}{tag|pip}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In this example, the verb "to be" is conjugated to the positive remote past tense form of the verb, "were". The prefix for the third person plural (they) would be "ma-".<br />
<br />
=== No Definite articles ===<br />
In English, we use the definite article "the" to refer to specific or previously mentioned nouns. For example, "the dog" refers to a particular dog that has already been mentioned or is known to both the speaker and listener. However, in Kamba, there is no equivalent definite article. Instead, the noun classes and contextual information are used to indicate specificity.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ndeleva amea maive tikiti.|The driver asked them to pay their fares.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ndeleva{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl1}} amea{{tag|v}}{{tag|pst}} maive{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} tikiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl5}}|The{{tag|null}} driver{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} asked{{tag|v}}{{tag|pst}} them{{tag|null}} to{{tag|null}} pay{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} their{{tag|null}} fares{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Sokisi ni nguvi.|The socks are short.}}<br />
*:{{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Sokisi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} ni{{tag|v}} nguvi{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|The {{tag|null}} socks{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} are{{tag|v}} short{{tag|adj}}}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/ContrastiveGrammar&diff=21624Kamba and English/ContrastiveGrammar2023-04-27T14:48:28Z<p>Abullen1: /* Sentence Structure / Word Order */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Kam-Eng Tests ==<br />
=== Sentence Structure / Word Order ===<br />
{{comment|Double check your English tags against <code>eng-morph</code>/<code>eng-tagger</code>. Some of the tags don't look right. - JNW}}<br />
<br />
When translating from Kamba to English, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match English word order, and also translate the demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective correctly. Similarly, when translating from English to Kamba, you would need to re-order the words in the sentence to match Kamba word order and ensure that you use the correct demonstrative adjective and predicate adjective.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|linda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|linda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|sg}} long{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
In kamba the sentence directly/literally translates to “dress this is long” in english the determiner precedes the noun.<br />
<br />
* {{transferTest|kam|eng|Vulana ii ni nene.| This jersey is big.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Vulana{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} a{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} asa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} jersey{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ĩ{{tag|vbser}} big{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}}}<br />
<br />
=== Noun Classes ===<br />
{{comment|I don't think this is an actual translation problem? -JNW}}<br />
<br />
The noun class system in Kamba is another significant contrastive grammar difference between Kamba and English. In Kamba, nouns are classified into different categories or classes based on their characteristics, such as their gender, shape, size, and other features. Noun prefixes can change depending on various factors such as the tense, aspect, and mood of the verb in the sentence. <br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ilinda yĩĩ ni yaasa.|This dress is long.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ilinda{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl5}} yĩĩ{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} yaasa{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl5}}|This{{tag|dem}} dress{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} long{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, the noun class 5 prefix "i-" is added to the noun "ilinda" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
The noun class 9 prefix "n-" is added to the noun "ngovia" to indicate that it belongs to that class.<br />
<br />
=== Adjective Classes ===<br />
{{comment|this probably isn't a translation problem. -JNW}}<br />
<br />
In Kamba, adjectives are classified into different classes based on the noun they modify. In Kamba, each adjective corresponds to a specific noun class. The adjective must agree with the noun it modifies in terms of gender and number, as well as class. Conversely, when translating from English to Kamba, the adjective must be placed after the noun and its form must be adjusted to match the noun class.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ngovia ii ni nini.|This hat is small.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ngovia{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} ii{{tag|dem}} ni{{tag|v}} nini{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|This{{tag|dem}} hat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|v}} small{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Complex Verb Tense System ===<br />
{{comment|double check your test templates}}<br />
<br />
Kamba has a complex verb system that includes tense, aspect, mood, and negation markers. In English, tense, aspect, mood, and negation are often expressed using separate words or constructions, while in Kamba, these features are marked using specific affixes attached to the verb stem.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Mbui, Ngiti na Ng'ombre mai anyanyae anene.| Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Mbui{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ngiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} Ng'ombe{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}} mai{{tag|v}}{tag|pip}} anyanyae{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} anene{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cl9}}| Goat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,}} Dog{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|null}} cow{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} were{{tag|v}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} great{{tag|adj}}.}}<br />
<br />
In this example, the verb "to be" is conjugated to the positive remote past tense form of the verb, "were". The prefix for the third person plural (they) would be "ma-".<br />
<br />
=== No Definite articles ===<br />
In English, we use the definite article "the" to refer to specific or previously mentioned nouns. For example, "the dog" refers to a particular dog that has already been mentioned or is known to both the speaker and listener. However, in Kamba, there is no equivalent definite article. Instead, the noun classes and contextual information are used to indicate specificity.<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Ndeleva amea maive tikiti.|The driver asked them to pay their fares.}}<br />
*: {{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Ndeleva{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl1}} amea{{tag|v}}{{tag|pst}} maive{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} tikiti{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl5}}|The{{tag|null}} driver{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} asked{{tag|v}}{{tag|pst}} them{{tag|null}} to{{tag|null}} pay{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} their{{tag|null}} fares{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}.}}<br />
<br />
{{transferTest|kam|eng|Sokisi ni nguvi.|The socks are short.}}<br />
*:{{transferMorphTest|kam|eng|Sokisi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|cl9}} ni{{tag|v}} nguvi{{tag|adj}}{{tag|cl9}}|The {{tag|null}} socks{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} are{{tag|v}} short{{tag|adj}}}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Category:Sp23_FinalProjects/abullen1-jelliott4-kdandy1/FinalProject&diff=21597Category:Sp23 FinalProjects/abullen1-jelliott4-kdandy1/FinalProject2023-04-27T14:25:00Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>Things we need to find now<br />
<br />
Resources Subpage<br />
<br />
Corpus options<br />
<br />
Grammars<br />
<br />
Dictionaries<br />
<br />
Paper<br />
<br />
make github corus repo</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Category:Sp23_FinalProjects/abullen1-jelliott4-kdandy1/FinalProject&diff=21596Category:Sp23 FinalProjects/abullen1-jelliott4-kdandy1/FinalProject2023-04-27T14:23:00Z<p>Abullen1: Created page with "Things we need to find now Resources Subpage Corpus options Grammars Dictionarys Paper make github corus repo"</p>
<hr />
<div>Things we need to find now<br />
<br />
Resources Subpage<br />
<br />
Corpus options<br />
<br />
Grammars<br />
<br />
Dictionarys<br />
<br />
Paper<br />
<br />
make github corus repo</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Category:Sp23_FinalProjects&diff=21591Category:Sp23 FinalProjects2023-04-27T14:16:49Z<p>Abullen1: </p>
<hr />
<div>{|class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! group !! project <br />
|-<br />
| Aaliyah, Jadyn, Keira || New <code>luy</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Alina &amp; Sasha || Expand and publish <code>uum</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Athena, Rhea, Rowan || Keyboard layout suite for <code>wol</code><br />
|-<br />
| Bua &amp; Mark || Expand and publish <code>shn</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Emilio &amp; Niall || Transducer and spellchecker for <code>mwl</code><br />
|-<br />
| Emrys || New [[Mchalfo1/Final_Project|<code>pwn</code> transducer]]<br />
|-<br />
| Finn &amp; Henry || Expand and publish <code>abe</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Fiona &amp; Sam || Expand and publish <code>qwh</code> transducer<br />
|-<br />
| Levin, Yang, Yue || Orthographic conversion / multiscript transducer for <code>jya</code><br />
|-<br />
| Lonnie || Python vs. HFST for analysis of <code>ami</code><br />
|-<br />
| Paulina &amp; Tehya || New <code>roh</code> transducer<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Final projects]]<br />
[[Category:Spring 2023]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21108Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:06:36Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
'''One-to Many Mappings'''<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → <br />
i. (eng) ''and''<br />
ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
<br />
'''Example i.''' ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
<br />
'''Example ii.''' Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
'''Case 2'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ? → ?<br />
Example 2. ? → ?<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21107Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:06:00Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
'''One-to Many Mappings'''<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → <br />
i. (eng) ''and''<br />
ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
<br />
Example i. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example ii. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
'''Case 2'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ? → ?<br />
Example 2. ? → ?<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21106Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:05:36Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
'''One-to Many Mappings'''<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → <br />
i. (eng) ''and''<br />
ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example I. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example II. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
'''Case 2'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ? → ?<br />
Example 2. ? → ?<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21105Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:05:29Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
'''One-to Many Mappings'''<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → <br />
i. (eng) ''and''<br />
ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
<br />
Example I. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example II. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
'''Case 2'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ? → ?<br />
Example 2. ? → ?<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21103Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:05:08Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
'''One-to Many Mappings'''<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → <br />
i. (eng) ''and''<br />
ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
'''Case 2'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ? → ?<br />
Example 2. ? → ?<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21102Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:03:46Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
'''One-to Many Mappings'''<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21100Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:03:33Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
One-to Many Mappings<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21098Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:03:17Z<p>Abullen1: /* One-to Many Mapping */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21097Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:03:08Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21096Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:02:55Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → ''But'' these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, ''and'' Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21095Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:02:39Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) ''na'' → i. (eng) ''and''; ii. (eng) ''but''<br />
<br />
Example 1. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
Example 2. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21094Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:01:40Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
example i. ''Na'' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
example ii. Mbui, Ngiti ''na'' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21093Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:00:50Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
Case 1<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
example i. Na syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
example ii. Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21092Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:00:40Z<p>Abullen1: /* One-to Many Mapping */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
Case 1<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
example i. Na syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
example ii. Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21091Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:00:24Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
Case 1<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
example i. Na syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
example ii. Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21090Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T15:00:02Z<p>Abullen1: /* One-to Many Mapping */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
''' Case 1<br />
''' (kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
''' example i. Na syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
''' example ii. Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21089Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:59:49Z<p>Abullen1: /* One-to Many Mapping */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
''' Case 1<br />
''' (kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
''' example i. '''Na''' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
''' example ii. Mbui, Ngiti '''na''' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21088Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:59:36Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
''' '''Case 1'''<br />
''' (kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
''' example i. '''Na''' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
''' example ii. Mbui, Ngiti '''na''' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21087Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:58:44Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
''' example i. '''Na''' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
''' example ii. Mbui, Ngiti '''na''' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends. <br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21086Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:58:07Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
''' example i. '''Na''' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
''' example ii. Mbui, Ngiti '''na''' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends. <br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21084Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:57:23Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) na → i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
* example i. '''Na''' syaatu ii ni nzau. → But these shoes are new.<br />
* example ii. Mbui, Ngiti '''na''' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. → Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends. mode:'''<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21082Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:56:20Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) na --> i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
* example i. '''Na''' syaatu ii ni nzau. --> But these shoes are new.<br />
* example ii. Mbui, Ngiti '''na''' Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. --> Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
mode:'''<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:''' Undetermined<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21080Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:53:01Z<p>Abullen1: /* One-to Many Mapping */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
'''Case 1'''<br />
(kam) na --> i. (eng) and; ii. (eng) but<br />
* example i. Na syaatu ii ni nzau. --> But these shoes are new.<br />
* example ii. Mbui, Ngiti na Ng’ombe mai anyanyae anene. --> Goat, Dog, and Cow were great friends.<br />
mode:'''<br />
<br />
'''Generalization:'''<br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kamba_and_English/Lexical_selection&diff=21079Kamba and English/Lexical selection2023-04-13T14:47:57Z<p>Abullen1: /* Kam → Eng */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
== Kam → Eng ==<br />
<br />
=== One-to Many Mapping ===<br />
<br />
* <br />
<br />
* (kam)<br />
<br />
== Eng → Kam ==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sp23_LexicalSelection]][[Category:Kamba]][[Category:English]]</div>Abullen1