LING073 - User contributions [en]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T17:58:46Z

Ckwok1: /* Future Directions */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Further investigate structural transfer rules regarding the "do" form in the negative
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* Develop structural transfer rules so that noun objects take the correct article/determiner (e.g. 'a rock' instead of 'rock')
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair] (includes test files)
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025 AM''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

===''As of May 14, 2025 PM (after fixing structural transfer bug with 'mah')''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 306
* Number of words in test: 297
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 45
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 14.71%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 13.07%

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:sp25_FinalProjects]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T17:38:59Z

Ckwok1: /* Evaluation */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* Develop structural transfer rules so that noun objects take the correct article/determiner (e.g. 'a rock' instead of 'rock')
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair] (includes test files)
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025 AM''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

===''As of May 14, 2025 PM (after fixing structural transfer bug with 'mah')''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 306
* Number of words in test: 297
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 45
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 14.71%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 13.07%

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:sp25_FinalProjects]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T17:37:17Z

Ckwok1: /* Relevant Links */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* Develop structural transfer rules so that noun objects take the correct article/determiner (e.g. 'a rock' instead of 'rock')
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair] (includes test files)
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it should be. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:sp25_FinalProjects]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:24:13Z

Ckwok1: /* Future Directions */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* Develop structural transfer rules so that noun objects take the correct article/determiner (e.g. 'a rock' instead of 'rock')
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it should be. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:sp25_FinalProjects]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:23:55Z

Ckwok1: /* Future Directions */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* Develop structural transfer rules so that noun objects take the correct article/determiner
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it should be. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:sp25_FinalProjects]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:16:17Z

Ckwok1:

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it should be. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:sp25_FinalProjects]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:14:36Z

Ckwok1: /* Evaluation */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it should be. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:14:16Z

Ckwok1: /* Evaluation */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
===''As of May 8, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

===''As of May 14, 2025''===

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:14:00Z

Ckwok1: /* Relevant Links */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]

== Evaluation ==
''As of May 8, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

''As of May 14, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:13:43Z

Ckwok1: /* Approach */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
#### Subject
#### Object
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender (for simplicity, we default to 'he' for third person)
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]

== Evaluation ==
''As of May 8, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

''As of May 14, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:13:00Z

Ckwok1: /* Outstanding Tasks */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender
### Subject
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Future Directions ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]

== Evaluation ==
''As of May 8, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

''As of May 14, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:12:46Z

Ckwok1: /* Outstanding Tasks */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender
### Subject
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Outstanding Tasks ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Systematize differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]

== Evaluation ==
''As of May 8, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

''As of May 14, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:12:27Z

Ckwok1: /* Outstanding Tasks */

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender
### Subject
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Outstanding Tasks ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so third person subjects (e.g. names) replace third person pronouns
* There is currently a bug in the structural transfer module; once this is resolved, the negative with 'mah' can be re-implemented
* Account for differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]

== Evaluation ==
''As of May 8, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

''As of May 14, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-14T15:11:12Z

Ckwok1:

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. Our tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== Approach ==
# We first generated a parallel corpus of verb phrases in Munsee and English.
# We added verb stems to our bilingual dictionary (.dix) and monolingual transducer (.lexd), creating twol rules as necessary.
## New twol rules for VTIs that take nouns objects
## ''Many'' more twol rules for specific verbs conjugations (accounting for accent shifts, instances of metathesis, contractions, etc.)
# We then created syntax trees to model the breakdown of various verb phrases.
## Structural transfer rules were developed by tracking tags backwards up the trees
## Attributes currently being tracked:
### Transitivity
### Animacy
### Number
### Polarity
### Gender
### Subject
# We implemented structural transfer rules for translation from Munsee to English.
## Issues resolved after presentation on 5/9/25:
### Implemented "it" objects (applicable to transitive verbs)
### Implemented subject tracking for transitive verbs
# Finally, we evaluated our output (see evaluation section below)

== Outstanding Tasks ==
* Develop structural transfer rules so that objects of verbs can be tracked and translated
** This will allow our tool to handle transitive verbs
* Account for differences between stable and unstable verb stems
** This will require work on both .lexd and .twol files
* Implement future 'tense' with modal word 'uch'

== Relevant Links ==
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-eng Repository for English Transducer]
* [https://github.com/kmbecker40/apertium-umu-eng Repository for Munsee-English Language Pair]

== Evaluation ==
''As of May 8, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 175
* Number of words in test: 82
* Number of unknown words in test: 50
* Percentage of unknown words: 60.98%
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 97.14%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 97.14%

''As of May 14, 2025''

Line Evaluation Results
* Number of words in reference: 307
* Number of words in test: 282
* Number of unknown words in test: 0
* Percentage of unknown words: 0.00%
* Edit distance: 52
* '''Word Error Rate (WER)''': 17.59%
* '''Position-Independent Word Error Rate (PER)''': 17.26%

'''Note''': We have 5 lines in our verb phrases file that contain negatives with "mah," but there is a bug in the structural transfer module right now, which is why our error rate is higher than it is. The author of the module has been contacted and is looking into it.

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-13T23:55:55Z

Ckwok1: /* Approach */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-13T23:53:30Z

Ckwok1: /* Approach */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-11T15:06:40Z

Ckwok1: /* Project Focus */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T16:01:56Z

Ckwok1: /* Approach */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T16:01:04Z

Ckwok1: /* Approach */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:38:38Z

Ckwok1: /* Relevant Links */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:38:03Z

Ckwok1: /* Relevant Links */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:36:50Z

Ckwok1: /* Outstanding Tasks */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:30:43Z

Ckwok1:

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:29:35Z

Ckwok1:

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:28:50Z

Ckwok1: /* Project Focus */

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-09T15:28:38Z

Ckwok1:

== Project Focus ==
Despite ongoing efforts to revitalize the Munsee language, relatively few pedagogical resources are readily available to the public. This tool aims to support a crucial step in the learning of this language;: the translation of the grammatically complex verbs in Munsee to English, a language likely to be spoken by learners of Munsee.

== LaTeX tikz code ==

<pre>
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}]
\Tree
[.S
[.DP [.prn \node[align=center](I1){\texttt{prpers<prn><subj><p1><mf><sg>}\\I};] ]
[.VP
[.vP
[.AuxP
[.vbdo \node[align=center](did1){\texttt{do<vbdo><past>}\\did}; ]
[.adv \node[align=center](not1){\texttt{not<adv>}\\not}; ]
]
[.v \node[align=center](notice){\texttt{notice<v><tv><inf>}\\notice}; ]
]
[.DP
[.det \node[align=center](the){\texttt{the<det><def><sp>}\\the}; ]
[.NP
[.n \node[align=center](cacti){\texttt{cactus<n><pl>}\\cacti}; ]
]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=-2pt,yshift=-5.5in,grow'=up,
frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}]
\Tree
[.S
[.DP [.prn \node[align=center](men1){мен\\\texttt{мен\tag{prn><pers><p1><sg}}};] ]
[.VP
[.DP [.NP
[.n \node[align=center](kaktustardy){кактустарды\\\texttt{кактус<n><pl><acc>}}; ]
] ]
[.vP
[.v \node[align=center](bayqaganemesmin){байкаган эмесмин\\\texttt{байка<v><tv><neg><past><p1><sg>}}; ]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[dashed]
\draw (I1)--(men1);
\draw (did1)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (not1)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (notice)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (the)--(kaktustardy);
\draw (cacti)--(kaktustardy);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

</pre>

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-06T15:28:53Z

Ckwok1:

== LaTeX tikz code ==

<pre>
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}]
\Tree
[.S
[.DP [.prn \node[align=center](I1){\texttt{prpers<prn><subj><p1><mf><sg>}\\I};] ]
[.VP
[.vP
[.AuxP
[.vbdo \node[align=center](did1){\texttt{do<vbdo><past>}\\did}; ]
[.adv \node[align=center](not1){\texttt{not<adv>}\\not}; ]
]
[.v \node[align=center](notice){\texttt{notice<v><tv><inf>}\\notice}; ]
]
[.DP
[.det \node[align=center](the){\texttt{the<det><def><sp>}\\the}; ]
[.NP
[.n \node[align=center](cacti){\texttt{cactus<n><pl>}\\cacti}; ]
]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=-2pt,yshift=-5.5in,grow'=up,
frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}]
\Tree
[.S
[.DP [.prn \node[align=center](men1){мен\\\texttt{мен\tag{prn><pers><p1><sg}}};] ]
[.VP
[.DP [.NP
[.n \node[align=center](kaktustardy){кактустарды\\\texttt{кактус<n><pl><acc>}}; ]
] ]
[.vP
[.v \node[align=center](bayqaganemesmin){байкаган эмесмин\\\texttt{байка<v><tv><neg><past><p1><sg>}}; ]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[dashed]
\draw (I1)--(men1);
\draw (did1)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (not1)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (notice)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (the)--(kaktustardy);
\draw (cacti)--(kaktustardy);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

</pre>

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-06T15:28:25Z

Ckwok1: /* LaTeX tikz code */

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}]
\Tree
[.S
[.DP [.prn \node[align=center](I1){\texttt{prpers<prn><subj><p1><mf><sg>}\\I};] ]
[.VP
[.vP
[.AuxP
[.vbdo \node[align=center](did1){\texttt{do<vbdo><past>}\\did}; ]
[.adv \node[align=center](not1){\texttt{not<adv>}\\not}; ]
]
[.v \node[align=center](notice){\texttt{notice<v><tv><inf>}\\notice}; ]
]
[.DP
[.det \node[align=center](the){\texttt{the<det><def><sp>}\\the}; ]
[.NP
[.n \node[align=center](cacti){\texttt{cactus<n><pl>}\\cacti}; ]
]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=-2pt,yshift=-5.5in,grow'=up,
frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}]
\Tree
[.S
[.DP [.prn \node[align=center](men1){мен\\\texttt{мен\tag{prn><pers><p1><sg}}};] ]
[.VP
[.DP [.NP
[.n \node[align=center](kaktustardy){кактустарды\\\texttt{кактус<n><pl><acc>}}; ]
] ]
[.vP
[.v \node[align=center](bayqaganemesmin){байкаган эмесмин\\\texttt{байка<v><tv><neg><past><p1><sg>}}; ]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[dashed]
\draw (I1)--(men1);
\draw (did1)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (not1)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (notice)--(bayqaganemesmin);
\draw (the)--(kaktustardy);
\draw (cacti)--(kaktustardy);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-06T15:18:25Z

Ckwok1:

Munsee

2025-05-06T15:17:36Z

Ckwok1: /* Developed Resources */

== Developed Resources ==
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-corpus Munsee Corpus Repository]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-keyboard Munsee Keyboard Repository]
** [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee/Keyboard#Existing_Resources Munsee Keyboard Wiki Page]
* [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee/Grammar Munsee Grammar Documentation Wiki Page]
* [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu Munsee Transducer Repository]
**[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee/Transducer Munsee Transducer Wiki Page]
* [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee_and_English Resources for Machine Translation between Munsee and English]
* [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee_and_English/Contrastive_Grammar Munsee and English Contrastive Grammar]
* [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee_and_English/Structural_Transfer Munsee and English Structural Transfer]
* [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee_and_English Munsee and English]
* [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee/Final_Project Final Project]

== External Resources ==

=== Computational Resources ===

* [https://help.keyman.com/keyboard/fv_lunaapeewi_huluniixsuwaakan/9.1.1/fv_lunaapeewi_huluniixsuwaakan (On-screen) Keyboard layout for Lunáapeewi-hulŭniixsuwáakan (Munsee)] by KeymanHelp. Free and open source.

* [https://www.languagegeek.com/algon/keyboards/keymaps/Lunaapee.pdf Munsee Keyboard Layout Option] by LanguageGeek. Copyright 2007 Chris Harvey.

=== Dictionaries ===

* [https://books.google.com/books/about/Delaware_English/English_Delaware_Dictio.html?id=-qf5oAEACAAJ Delaware-English, English-Delaware Dictionary] by John O'Meara: first modern dictionary of Munsee Delaware, containing 7,100 entries which include grammatical information. All rights reserved.

=== Grammatical Descriptions ===

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munsee_grammar# Wikipedia page on Munsee grammar]

* [https://munseedelaware.com/ Munsee Delaware website] by Robert Shubinski: contains extensive grammar lessons and example sentences based on the works of John O'Meara and Ives Goddard.

* John O'Meara (1954) - "[https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/pc289k722 Delaware Stem Morphology]" (dissertation)

* Bruce Pearson (1972) - "[https://lx.berkeley.edu/publications/grammar-delaware-semantics-morpho-syntax-lexicon-phonology A Grammar of Delaware: Semantics, Morpho-Syntax, Lexicon, Phonology]" (dissertation)

* Ives Goddard (1983) - "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1265210?seq=1 The Eastern Algonquian Subordinative Mode and the Importance of Morphology]"

=== Scientific Works ===

* [https://journals.indianapolis.iu.edu/index.php/ias/article/download/5361/5308 Voegelin (1939): The Lenape and Munsee Dialects of Delaware, an Algonquian Language]. A very old journal article detailing a comparative study of Algonquian languages, including Munsee. Helpful for understanding certain grammatical features of the language.

* [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/465986 Swiggers (1985): Munsee borrowings from Dutch: Some phonological remarks]. A brief article detailing the phonological commonalities between Munsee and Dutch.

=== Corpora ===

# [https://www.native-languages.org/munsee.htm Native Languages of the Americas]: compilation of Munsee language resources (free for use for [https://www.native-languages.org/faq.htm#35 noncommercial educational purposes]) including:
## [https://www.native-languages.org/munsee_animals.htm Munsee words for animals]
## [https://www.native-languages.org/munsee_body.htm Munsee words for body parts]
## [https://www.native-languages.org/munsee_colors.htm Munsee words for colors] with distinction between animate and inanimate nouns
## [https://www.native-languages.org/numbers/munsee_numbers.htm Munsee words for numbers]
## [https://www.native-languages.org/food/munsee_food.htm Munsee words for food]
## "[https://www.bigorrin.org/archive24.htm When My Uncle Was Bewitched]": story in Munsee with English translation
# [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100246859/Home Munsee translation of morning and evening prayers] by Church of England, J. B. Wampum, and H. C. Hogg (1886) (scanned text). Public Domain.
# [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100251993 Collection of hymns in Munsee and English] by Charles Halfmoon (1874) (scanned text). Public Domain.
# [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100279714 Catechisms (summary of Christian principles in question-answer form) in Munsee] (1852) (scanned text with no English translation). Public Domain.
# [https://munseedelaware.com/mahican-resource-articles/the-story-of-noah/ The Story of Noah in Munsee Delaware]: sentence-by-sentence transcription and translation of a version of the Biblical story of Noah's ark based on the 1980s [https://globalrecordings.net/en/program/17751 audio recording] of Emily Johnson for the Global Recordings Network.

=== Audio/Video ===

* [https://globalrecordings.net/en/program/17751 Oral narration of the Story of Noah in Munsee]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nE2ymW8MqDs TPR lesson in Munsee]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tyRNH1w8LiE Story (with illustrations) told in Munsee]

[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:sp25_ResourceDocumentation]]

Munsee/Final Project

2025-05-06T15:08:17Z

Ckwok1: Created page with "== LaTeX tikz code == <pre> \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{scope}[frontier/.style={distance from root=150pt}] \Tree [.S [.DP [.prn \node[align=center](I1){\texttt{prpers<prn><su..."

Munsee and English

2025-05-01T16:19:41Z

Ckwok1: /* Additions */

Resources for machine translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee Munsee] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]

== External Resources ==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-eng Repository] for language pair
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu Repository] for Munsee transducer
*[https://github.com/csk2027/apertium-eng Repository] for English transducer

== umu → eng Evaluation ==

*Coverage (number of forms analyzed) of Monolingual Transducer: '''849/1499 (56.64%)'''
*Coverage of Bilingual Transducer: '''609/1296 (46.99%)'''
*Sentences:
#'''Laawate weemĭ aweeniik moxa mataawsuwak.'''
##English Translation: "Long ago the people of the world became very wicked."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Laawate<adv>/Long ago<adv>$ ^weemĭ<det>/all<det><qnt><pl>$ ^aween<prn><pl>/person<prn><pl>$ ^moxa<adv>/very<adv>$ ^mataawsu<v><iv><aa><s_3pl>/sin<vblex><inf><s_3pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #Long ago all #person very #sin
#'''Shiinzuw Noah.'''
##English Translation: "His name was Noah."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Shiinzuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/To be named<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$ ^Noah<np><ant>/Noah<np><ant><m><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #To be named Noah
#'''Nal Pahtamawaas kwuphamun kpahoon.'''
##English Translation: "Then God shut the door."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Nal<adv>/Then<adv>$ ^Pahtamawaas<np><ant>/God<np><al>$ ^*kwuphamun/*kwuphamun$ ^kpahoon<n><nn>/door<n>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: Then #God *kwuphamun #door
#'''Kumootkeewak, waak akihkakulooneewak.'''
##English Translation: "They steal and lie."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Kumootkeewak/*Kumootkeewak$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^waak<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^*akihkakulooneewak/*akihkakulooneewak$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Kumootkeewak, and *akihkakulooneewak.
#'''Pahtamawaas wulaawsuw.'''
##English Translation: "God is holy."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Pahtamawaas<np><ant>/God<np><al>$ ^wulaawsuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/to be holy<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #God #to be holy
#'''Shukw Pahtamawaas weemĭ ktahwaalkoona.'''
##English Translation: "But God loves us all."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Shukw<cnjcoo>/But<cnjcoo>$ ^Pahtamawaas<np><ant><sg>/God<np><al><sg>$ ^weemĭ<det>/all<det><qnt><pl>$ ^*ktahwaalkoona/*ktahwaalkoona$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: But God all *ktahwaalkoona
#'''Shiinzuw Jesus Christ.'''
##English Translation: "His name is Jesus Christ."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Shiinzuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/To be named<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$ ^Jesus<np><ant><sg>/Jesus<np><ant><m><sg><sg>$ ^Christ<np><ant><sg>/Christ<np><al><sg><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #To be named #Jesus #Christ
#'''Shaaw ang oxkweesus manoongsuw.'''
##English Translation: "Right away the girl would get angry."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Shaaw/*Shaaw$ ^ang<emph>/emphatic<adj>$ ^oxkwéesus<n><aa>/girl<n><sg>$ ^manoongsuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/be angry<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Shaaw emphatic girl #be angry
#'''Ngáleew pambíilak.'''
##English Translation: "He left behind some books."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Ngáleew/*Ngáleew$ ^*pambíilak/*pambíilak$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Ngáleew *pambíilak.
#'''Tumúsheew awéeniil.'''
##English Translation: "He cut someone."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Tumúsheew/*Tumúsheew$ ^aween<prn><prn><pl><obv>/person<prn><prn><pl><obv>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Tumúsheew #person

== Additions ==

We added a file umu.corpus.large.txt, which contains over 10K characters. Unfortunately, due to a lack of available resources, we are unable to reach 100K words.

[[Category:Sp25_TranslationPairs]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English

2025-05-01T16:17:20Z

Ckwok1:

Resources for machine translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Munsee Munsee] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/English English]

== External Resources ==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu-eng Repository] for language pair
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-umu Repository] for Munsee transducer
*[https://github.com/csk2027/apertium-eng Repository] for English transducer

== umu → eng Evaluation ==

*Coverage (number of forms analyzed) of Monolingual Transducer: '''849/1499 (56.64%)'''
*Coverage of Bilingual Transducer: '''609/1296 (46.99%)'''
*Sentences:
#'''Laawate weemĭ aweeniik moxa mataawsuwak.'''
##English Translation: "Long ago the people of the world became very wicked."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Laawate<adv>/Long ago<adv>$ ^weemĭ<det>/all<det><qnt><pl>$ ^aween<prn><pl>/person<prn><pl>$ ^moxa<adv>/very<adv>$ ^mataawsu<v><iv><aa><s_3pl>/sin<vblex><inf><s_3pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #Long ago all #person very #sin
#'''Shiinzuw Noah.'''
##English Translation: "His name was Noah."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Shiinzuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/To be named<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$ ^Noah<np><ant>/Noah<np><ant><m><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #To be named Noah
#'''Nal Pahtamawaas kwuphamun kpahoon.'''
##English Translation: "Then God shut the door."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Nal<adv>/Then<adv>$ ^Pahtamawaas<np><ant>/God<np><al>$ ^*kwuphamun/*kwuphamun$ ^kpahoon<n><nn>/door<n>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: Then #God *kwuphamun #door
#'''Kumootkeewak, waak akihkakulooneewak.'''
##English Translation: "They steal and lie."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Kumootkeewak/*Kumootkeewak$^,<cm>/,<cm>$ ^waak<cnjcoo>/and<cnjcoo>$ ^*akihkakulooneewak/*akihkakulooneewak$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Kumootkeewak, and *akihkakulooneewak.
#'''Pahtamawaas wulaawsuw.'''
##English Translation: "God is holy."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Pahtamawaas<np><ant>/God<np><al>$ ^wulaawsuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/to be holy<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #God #to be holy
#'''Shukw Pahtamawaas weemĭ ktahwaalkoona.'''
##English Translation: "But God loves us all."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Shukw<cnjcoo>/But<cnjcoo>$ ^Pahtamawaas<np><ant><sg>/God<np><al><sg>$ ^weemĭ<det>/all<det><qnt><pl>$ ^*ktahwaalkoona/*ktahwaalkoona$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: But God all *ktahwaalkoona
#'''Shiinzuw Jesus Christ.'''
##English Translation: "His name is Jesus Christ."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^Shiinzuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/To be named<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$ ^Jesus<np><ant><sg>/Jesus<np><ant><m><sg><sg>$ ^Christ<np><ant><sg>/Christ<np><al><sg><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: #To be named #Jesus #Christ
#'''Shaaw ang oxkweesus manoongsuw.'''
##English Translation: "Right away the girl would get angry."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Shaaw/*Shaaw$ ^ang<emph>/emphatic<adj>$ ^oxkwéesus<n><aa>/girl<n><sg>$ ^manoongsuw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>/be angry<v><iv><aa><s_3sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Shaaw emphatic girl #be angry
#'''Ngáleew pambíilak.'''
##English Translation: "He left behind some books."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Ngáleew/*Ngáleew$ ^*pambíilak/*pambíilak$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Ngáleew *pambíilak.
#'''Tumúsheew awéeniil.'''
##English Translation: "He cut someone."
##Output of <code>umu-eng-biltrans</code> (Lexical Transfer) Mode: ^*Tumúsheew/*Tumúsheew$ ^aween<prn><prn><pl><obv>/person<prn><prn><pl><obv>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
##Output of <code>umu-eng</code> (Full Translation) Mode: *Tumúsheew #person

== Additions ==

[[Category:Sp25_TranslationPairs]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/AmbiguityResolution

2025-04-24T21:49:24Z

Ckwok1: /* umu */

== umu ==

=== Initial Evaluation of Ambiguity ===
* Coverage of umu.sentences.txt: 849/1499 (56.64%)
* Ambiguity: 1717/1499 (1.145)
* Coverage of bilingual transducer: 609/1296 (46.99%)
* Coverage of eng.sentences.txt:

=== Identified Ambiguity ===

=== Final Evaluation of Ambiguity ===

== umu → eng ==

[[Category:Sp25_AmbiguityResolution]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/AmbiguityResolution

2025-04-24T21:49:13Z

Ckwok1: /* umu */

== umu ==

=== Initial Evaluation of Ambiguity ===
* Coverage of umu.sentences.txt: 849/1499 (56.64%)
* Ambiguity: 1717/1499 (1.145)

=== Identified Ambiguity ===

* Coverage of bilingual transducer: 609/1296 (46.99%)
* Coverage of eng.sentences.txt:

=== Final Evaluation of Ambiguity ===

== umu → eng ==

[[Category:Sp25_AmbiguityResolution]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/AmbiguityResolution

2025-04-24T21:48:39Z

Ckwok1: /* umu */

== umu ==

=== Initial Evaluation of Ambiguity ===
* Coverage of umu.sentences.txt: 849/1499 (56.64%)
* Ambiguity: 1717/1499 (1.145)

* Coverage of bilingual transducer: 609/1296 (46.99%)
* Coverage of eng.sentences.txt:

=== Final Evaluation of Ambiguity ===

== umu → eng ==

[[Category:Sp25_AmbiguityResolution]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T21:45:01Z

Ckwok1: /* Post-Evaluation */

== Pre-Evaluation ==

'''Statistics about input files'''
-------------------------------------------------------
Number of words in reference: 35

Number of words in test: 14

Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 10

Percentage of unknown words: 71.43 %

'''Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars)'''
-------------------------------------------------------
Edit distance: 33

Word error rate (WER): 94.29 %

Number of position-independent correct words: 2

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 94.29 %

== Structural Transfer Rules ==
'''Rule Description'''

''Absence Suffix''

* Noun phrases in English (noun w/ adjective "late") get information from noun phrases in Munsee (noun w/ absence suffix "aya").

* Example Translation: (umu) nŭmoxoomsáya → (eng) my late grandfather

* Example Input: ^moxóomus<n><aa><px1sg><abs>

* Example Output: ^prpers<det><pos><p1><mf><sg> late<adj><sint> grandfather<n><sg>

* Implemented Rule:

'''Possessive Personal Pronouns
'''

== Post-Evaluation ==

'''Statistics about input files'''
-------------------------------------------------------
Number of words in reference: 35

Number of words in test: 21

Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 5

Percentage of unknown words: 23.81 %

'''Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars)'''
-------------------------------------------------------
Edit distance: 24

Word error rate (WER): 68.57 %

Number of position-independent correct words: 11

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 68.57 %

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T21:44:37Z

Ckwok1: /* Post-Evaluation */

== Pre-Evaluation ==

'''Statistics about input files'''
-------------------------------------------------------
Number of words in reference: 35

Number of words in test: 14

Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 10

Percentage of unknown words: 71.43 %

'''Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars)'''
-------------------------------------------------------
Edit distance: 33

Word error rate (WER): 94.29 %

Number of position-independent correct words: 2

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 94.29 %

== Structural Transfer Rules ==
'''Rule Description'''

''Absence Suffix''

* Noun phrases in English (noun w/ adjective "late") get information from noun phrases in Munsee (noun w/ absence suffix "aya").

* Example Translation: (umu) nŭmoxoomsáya → (eng) my late grandfather

* Example Input: ^moxóomus<n><aa><px1sg><abs>

* Example Output: ^prpers<det><pos><p1><mf><sg> late<adj><sint> grandfather<n><sg>

* Implemented Rule:

'''Possessive Personal Pronouns
'''

== Post-Evaluation ==

Statistics about input files
-------------------------------------------------------
Number of words in reference: 35
Number of words in test: 21
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 5
Percentage of unknown words: 23.81 %

Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars)
-------------------------------------------------------
Edit distance: 24
Word error rate (WER): 68.57 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 11
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 68.57 %

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T21:44:27Z

Ckwok1: /* Structural Transfer Rules */

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T15:37:17Z

Ckwok1: /* Pre-Evaluation */

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T15:37:05Z

Ckwok1: /* Pre-Evaluation */

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T15:36:44Z

Ckwok1: /* Pre-Evaluation */

== Pre-Evaluation ==

Statistics about input files
-------------------------------------------------------
Number of words in reference: 35

Number of words in test: 14

Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 10

Percentage of unknown words: 71.43 %

Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars)
-------------------------------------------------------
Edit distance: 33

Word error rate (WER): 94.29 %

Number of position-independent correct words: 2

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 94.29 %

== Structural Transfer Rules ==

== Post-Evaluation ==

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-24T15:36:27Z

Ckwok1: /* Pre-Evaluation */

== Pre-Evaluation ==

Statistics about input files
-------------------------------------------------------
Number of words in reference: 35
Number of words in test: 14
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 10
Percentage of unknown words: 71.43 %

Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars)
-------------------------------------------------------
Edit distance: 33
Word error rate (WER): 94.29 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 2
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 94.29 %

== Structural Transfer Rules ==

== Post-Evaluation ==

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-15T15:55:00Z

Ckwok1:

== Pre-Evaluation ==

== Structural Transfer Rules ==

== Post-Evaluation ==

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-15T15:54:18Z

Ckwok1:

== Pre-Evaluation ==

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Structural Transfer

2025-04-15T15:53:02Z

Ckwok1: Created page with "Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer Category:Munsee Category:English"

[[Category:Sp25 StructuralTransfer]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Contrastive Grammar

2025-04-13T01:52:18Z

Ckwok1: /* Verb Subjects */

== umu-eng tests ==

=== Locative ===

Munsee uses a special locative suffix (-ung), which turns a noun into a location and adding meanings such as:
*"to the"
*"at the"
*"in the"
*"on the"
They also have contracted forms:
*ay + ung = eeng
*uy + ung = iing
*uw + ung = oong

This is different from English, which uses separate prepositional words (e.g. "at" "in" "on").

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|amoxoolung|in the boat}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|amoxool{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} boat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpahoonung|through the door}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpahoon{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|through{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} door{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaasung|to God}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaas{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|to{{tag|pr}} God{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Possession ===
Munsee marks possession on nouns, whereas English uses a separate possessive determiner.

''NOTE: PAMBIIL TWOL NO LONGER WORKING''

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|mbambíilum|my book}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|pámbiil{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} book{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kóohum|your grandmother}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|míhtkwumal|his tree}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míhtukw{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px3sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Verb Subjects ===
Munsee marks the subject of a verb, whereas English uses a separate subject pronoun.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kawíiw|he sleeps}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kawíi{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} sleep{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|uw|he said}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|uw{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} say{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|akihkakulooneewak|they lie}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kulooneew{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3pl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} lie{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
''** NOT SURE WHY LIE DOES NOT ANALYZE THIS WAY IN APERTIUM-ENG
** ALSO, NOT SURE IF STEM SHOULD INCLUDE W AT THE END OR NOT''

=== Verb Objects ===
Munsee marks the object of a verb, whereas English uses a separate object pronoun.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kŭnéewaaw|you see him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|néem{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_2sg}}{{tag|o_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpáham|he shut it}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpáham{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|s}} shut{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|miichiinéewa|they ate it}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míichii{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|s_3pl}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Absence Suffix ===
The suffix -aya marks a noun as "recently deceased." They may only be used on person names and kinship words. Meanwhile, the word "late" in English (as in "my late grandfather") is categorized as an adjective.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|nŭmoxoomsáya|my late grandfather}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|moxóomus{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandfather{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|noohŭmáya|my late grandmother}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandmother{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

== Unfinished Business ==

=== Yes/No Questions ===
ha => need "do" support

=== Obviative ===
NOT A PROBLEM IN TRANSLATION IN THIS DIRECTION

=== Verb Animacy ===
NOT IN THIS TRANSLATION DIRECTION

=== Inclusive vs Exclusive "We" ===
NOT REALLY A PROBLEM IN THIS DIRECTION

Munsee differentiates between the inclusive (us and you) and exclusive (just us) first-person plural, whereas English does not. This applies to verbs, as well as the possession of nouns.

[[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Contrastive Grammar

2025-04-13T01:52:04Z

Ckwok1: /* Verb Subjects */

== umu-eng tests ==

=== Locative ===

Munsee uses a special locative suffix (-ung), which turns a noun into a location and adding meanings such as:
*"to the"
*"at the"
*"in the"
*"on the"
They also have contracted forms:
*ay + ung = eeng
*uy + ung = iing
*uw + ung = oong

This is different from English, which uses separate prepositional words (e.g. "at" "in" "on").

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|amoxoolung|in the boat}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|amoxool{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} boat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpahoonung|through the door}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpahoon{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|through{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} door{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaasung|to God}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaas{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|to{{tag|pr}} God{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Possession ===
Munsee marks possession on nouns, whereas English uses a separate possessive determiner.

''NOTE: PAMBIIL TWOL NO LONGER WORKING''

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|mbambíilum|my book}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|pámbiil{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} book{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kóohum|your grandmother}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|míhtkwumal|his tree}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míhtukw{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px3sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Verb Subjects ===
Munsee marks the subject of a verb, whereas English uses a separate subject pronoun.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kawíiw|he sleeps}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kawíi{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} sleep{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|uw|he said}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|uw{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} say{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|akihkakulooneewak|they lie}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kulooneew{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3pl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} lie{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
''** NOT SURE WHY LIE DOES NOT ANALYZE THIS WAY IN APERTIUM-ENG''
''** ALSO, NOT SURE IF STEM SHOULD INCLUDE W AT THE END OR NOT''

=== Verb Objects ===
Munsee marks the object of a verb, whereas English uses a separate object pronoun.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kŭnéewaaw|you see him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|néem{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_2sg}}{{tag|o_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpáham|he shut it}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpáham{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|s}} shut{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|miichiinéewa|they ate it}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míichii{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|s_3pl}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Absence Suffix ===
The suffix -aya marks a noun as "recently deceased." They may only be used on person names and kinship words. Meanwhile, the word "late" in English (as in "my late grandfather") is categorized as an adjective.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|nŭmoxoomsáya|my late grandfather}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|moxóomus{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandfather{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|noohŭmáya|my late grandmother}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandmother{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

== Unfinished Business ==

=== Yes/No Questions ===
ha => need "do" support

=== Obviative ===
NOT A PROBLEM IN TRANSLATION IN THIS DIRECTION

=== Verb Animacy ===
NOT IN THIS TRANSLATION DIRECTION

=== Inclusive vs Exclusive "We" ===
NOT REALLY A PROBLEM IN THIS DIRECTION

Munsee differentiates between the inclusive (us and you) and exclusive (just us) first-person plural, whereas English does not. This applies to verbs, as well as the possession of nouns.

[[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]

Munsee and English/Contrastive Grammar

2025-04-13T01:51:23Z

Ckwok1: /* umu-eng tests */

Munsee and English/Contrastive Grammar

2025-04-13T01:37:30Z

Ckwok1: /* Absence Suffix */

== umu-eng tests ==

=== Locative ===

Munsee uses a special locative suffix (-ung), which turns a noun into a location and adding meanings such as:
*"to the"
*"at the"
*"in the"
*"on the"
They also have contracted forms:
*ay + ung = eeng
*uy + ung = iing
*uw + ung = oong

This is different from English, which uses separate prepositional words (e.g. "at" "in" "on").

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|amoxoolung|in the boat}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|amoxool{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} boat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpahoonung|through the door}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpahoon{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|through{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} door{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
* {{transferTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaasung|to God}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaas{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|to{{tag|pr}} God{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Possession ===
Munsee marks possession on nouns, whereas English uses a separate possessive determiner.

NOTE: PAMBIIL TWOL NO LONGER WORKING

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|mbambíilum|my book}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|pámbiil{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} book{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kóohum|your grandmother}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|míhtkwumal|his tree}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míhtukw{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px3sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Verb Subjects ===
Munsee marks the subject of a verb, whereas English uses a separate subject pronoun.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kawíiw|he sleeps}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kawíi{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} sleep{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|uw|he said}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|uw{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} say{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|akihkakulooneewak|they lie}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kulooneew{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3pl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} lie{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
** NOT SURE WHY LIE DOES NOT ANALYZE THIS WAY IN APERTIUM-ENG
** ALSO, NOT SURE IF STEM SHOULD INCLUDE W AT THE END OR NOT

=== Verb Objects ===
Munsee marks the object of a verb, whereas English uses a separate object pronoun.

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kŭnéewaaw|you see him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|néem{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_2sg}}{{tag|o_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpáham|he shut it}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpáham{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|s}} shut{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}}

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|miichiinéewa|they ate it}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míichii{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|s_3pl}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Absence Suffix ===
The suffix -aya marks a noun as "recently deceased." They may only be used on person names and kinship words. Meanwhile, the word "late" used in the same way in English

* {{transferTest|umu|eng|nŭmoxoomsáya|my late grandfather}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|moxóomus{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandfather{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}

=== Yes/No Questions ===
ha => need "do" support

=== Obviative ===
NOT A PROBLEM IN TRANSLATION IN THIS DIRECTION

=== Verb Animacy ===
NOT IN THIS TRANSLATION DIRECTION

=== Inclusive vs Exclusive "We" ===
NOT REALLY A PROBLEM IN THIS DIRECTION

Munsee differentiates between the inclusive (us and you) and exclusive (just us) first-person plural, whereas English does not. This applies to verbs, as well as the possession of nouns.

[[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]]
[[Category:Munsee]]
[[Category:English]]