LING073 - User contributions [en]

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-21T22:42:17Z

Glee2: /* See also */

==Initial Evaluation==
===niv->rus translator===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Coverage: 73.23%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 170
Number of tokens not in dictionary: 55
Coverage: 71.21% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 25.23% (rus.sentences.txt)
</pre>

====WER and PER====
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus.test.0.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 217
Word error rate (WER): 127.65 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 0
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 127.65 %
</pre>

== Post-evaluation ==
These are the results at the time of our final presentation.

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 71.72% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 24.92% (rus.sentences.txt)q
</pre>

=== WER and PER ===
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus.test.1.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 195
Word error rate (WER): 114.71 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 31
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 109.41 %
</pre>

== Final evaluation ==
These are the final results three days after our final presentation.
=== WER and PER ===
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus.test.2.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 175
Number of words in test: 218
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 187
Word error rate (WER): 106.86 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 46
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 98.29 %
</pre>

==See also==
* [[English and Nivkh]]
* [https://github.com/gleec14/apertium-niv-rus.git translator repository]
* [https://github.com/gleec14/apertium-niv public Nivkh transducer repository]

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:Russian]]
[[Category:Sp19 FinalProjects]]

Nivkh

2019-05-21T22:40:32Z

Glee2: /* Transducer */

==Developed Resources==
===Keyboard===
*[[Nivkh/Keyboard | Keyboard Wiki Page]]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-keyboard Keyboard Github]

===Corpus===
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-corpus Corpus Github]

===Grammatical===
*[[Nivkh/Grammar | Grammar documentation]]

===Transducer===
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv Transducer GitHub]
*[https://github.com/gleec14/apertium-niv Transducer Public GitHub]
*[[Nivkh/Transducer | Transducer wiki]]

===Disambiguation===
* [[Nivkh/Disambiguation | Disambiguator]]

===Translation===
*[[English_and_Nivkh | English-Nivkh machine translation]]
*[[Nivkh_and_Russian | Nivkh-Russian machine translation (final project)]]

=== Universal Dependencies ===
*[[Nivkh/Universal_Dependencies | Nivkh universal dependencies]]

==External Resources==
===Computational===
*Nivkh keyboard (2001) All rights reserved [[http://www.peoples.org.ru/eng_keyboard.html link]]
*Nivkh keyboard layout by Professor Washington. GNU General Public License v3.0. [https://github.com/jonorthwash/m17n-niv]

===Dictionaries===
* Vajda, Edward J. “Comparative Nivkh Dictionary.” WORD 62.4 (2016): 272–275. (Available online via Tripod)

===Grammars===
* Krejnovich, E. A. "Nivxskij (Giljatskij) Jazyk." 1934 [https://sites.google.com/site/nivkhlanguage/pukk] [http://www.philology.ru/linguistics4/gruzdeva-97.htm]
* Nedi͡alkov, V. P. (Vladimir Petrovich) et al. "Syntax of the Nivkh Language: the Amur Dialect." Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Company, 2013. (Available online via [https://tripod.swarthmore.edu/discovery/search?query=any,contains,Syntax%20of%20the%20Nivkh%20Language:%20the%20Amur%20Dialect&tab=Everything&search_scope=SC_All&vid=01TRI_INST:SC&offset=0 Tripod])

===Scientific Works===
* Mattissen, Johanna. Dependent-Head Synthesis in Nivkh a Contribution to a Typology of Polysynthesis. Amsterdam ;: J. Benjamins Pub., 2003. (Available online via Tripod)
* Halm, Robert. Application of the comparative method to vocoid sequences in Nivkh. University of Kansas Linguistics Department., 2017. [https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/26631] (CC BY 4.0)
* Shiraishi, Hidetoshi & Bert Botma. "Asymmetric Distribution of Vowels in Nivkh." Ebetsu: Sapporo Gakuin University & Leiden University, 2016.
* [http://ext-web.edu.sgu.ac.jp/hidetos/HTML/nivkhcaa4.pdf On Nivkh Consonant Alternations]

===Corpora===
*[http://ebooks.east.om.org/bookdata/562.pdf Bible in Nivkh]
*[https://www.myethnos.ru/niv-amr-toc Selected Bible Stories in Nivkh with audio]
*[http://kykhkykh.org/gazeta-qnivkh-difq Nivkh-language newspaper]
[[Category:sp19_ResourceDocumentation]]
[[Category:Nivkh]]

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-08T14:44:01Z

Glee2:

==Initial Evaluation==
===niv->rus translator===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Coverage: 73.23%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 170
Number of tokens not in dictionary: 55
Coverage: 71.21% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 25.23% (rus.sentences.txt)
</pre>

====WER and PER====
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus-test.0.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test:
Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 217
Word error rate (WER): 127.65 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 0
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 127.65 %
</pre>

== Post-evaluation ==

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 71.72% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 24.92% (rus.sentences.txt)q
</pre>

=== WER and PER ===
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus-test.1.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test:
Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 195
Word error rate (WER): 114.71 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 31
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 109.41 %
</pre>

==See also==
* [[English and Nivkh]]

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:Russian]]
[[Category:Sp19 FinalProjects]]

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-08T14:43:54Z

Glee2:

==Initial Evaluation==
===niv->rus translator===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Coverage: 73.23%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 170
Number of tokens not in dictionary: 55
Coverage: 71.21% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 25.23% (rus.sentences.txt)
</pre>

====WER and PER====
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus-test.0.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test:
Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 217
Word error rate (WER): 127.65 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 0
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 127.65 %
</pre>

== Post-evaluation ==

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 71.72% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 24.92% (rus.sentences.txt)q
</pre>

=== WER and PER ===
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus-test.1.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test:
Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 195
Word error rate (WER): 114.71 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 31
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 109.41 %
</pre>

==See also==
* [[English and Nivkh]]

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:Russian]]
[[Category:Sp19 FinalProjects]]

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-08T14:21:53Z

Glee2:

==Initial Evaluation==
===niv->rus translator===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Coverage: 73.23%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 170
Number of tokens not in dictionary: 55
Coverage: 71.21% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 25.23% (rus.sentences.txt)
</pre>

====WER and PER====
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus-test.0.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test:
Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 217
Word error rate (WER): 127.65 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 0
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 127.65 %
</pre>

== Post-evaluation ==

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Total number of tokens in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 71.72% (niv.sentences.txt)
Coverage: 24.92% (rus.sentences.txt)
</pre>

=== WER and PER ===
Results from running apertium-eval-translator on niv.sentences.txt and checking with rus.sentences.txt.

Stored in niv-rus-test.1.txt
<pre>
Number of words in reference: 170
Number of words in test: 217
Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test:
Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
</pre>
<pre>
Results when unknown-word marks (stars) are not removed

Edit distance: 195
Word error rate (WER): 114.71 %
Number of position-independent correct words: 31
Position-independent word error rate (PER): 109.41 %
</pre>

==See also==
* [[English and Nivkh]]

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:Russian]]
[[Category:Sp19 FinalProjects]]

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-08T14:14:14Z

Glee2:

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-06T00:25:41Z

Glee2: /* WER and PER */

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-06T00:24:57Z

Glee2: /* WER and PER */

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-06T00:23:36Z

Glee2: /* Initial Evaluation */

Nivkh and Russian

2019-05-05T00:20:16Z

Glee2: Created page with "==Initial Evaluation== ===niv->rus translator=== Coverage using monolingual transducer: <pre> Coverage: 73.23% </pre> Coverage using bilingual transducer: <pre> Total number..."

Nivkh/Universal Dependencies

2019-05-03T18:49:48Z

Glee2:

== Evaluation ==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! model & corpus !! UAS !! LAS !! # of forms !! # of sentences
|-
| nomorph annotated || 81.51% || 68.07% || 119 || 25
|-
| nomorph annotated2 || 73.11% || 56.30% || 119 || 23
|-
| withmorph annotated || 83.19% || 74.79% || 119 || 25
|-
| withmorph annotated2 || 78.15% || 60.50% || 119 || 23
|}

== Dependency relations ==
===nsubj===
The subject of a verb. Used for subjects of verbs.

"<Паӄ>"
"паӄ" n @nsubj #1->2
"<туздь>"
"туз" v iv ind @root #2->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #3->2

"<Иф>"
"иф" prn pers p3 sg @nsubj #1->2
"<ӈармадь>"
"ӈарма" v tv ind @root #2->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #3->2

===obj===
The direct object of a verb. Used for direct objects of verbs.

"<Ытык>"
"ытык" n @nsubj #1->4
"<пʼооладюдь>"
"пʼи" det ref poss @det #2->3
"оола" n @obj #3->4
"зу" v tv ind @root #4->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #5->4

"<Ытык>"
"ытык" n @nsubj #1->3
"<мифкʼызӈан>"
"миф" n @obj #2->3
"кʼыз" v tv cvb_ant @advcl #3->5
"<ни>"
"ни" prn pers p1 sg @nsubj #4->5
"<ӄʼодь>"
"ӄʼо" v iv ind @root #5->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #6->5

===advcl===
Adverbial clause, modifying a verb or other predicate. Used in Nivkh primarily for converbs.

"<Умгуғу>"
"умгу" n pl @nsubj #1->6
"<алс>"
"алс" n @obj #2->4
"<эрғале>"
"эрғале" adv @advmod #3->4
"<фет>"
"фе" v tv cvb_nar1 p3 pl @advcl #4->6
"<р̌от>"
"р̌о" v tv cvb_nar1 p3 pl @conj #5->4
"<пʼрыдь>"
"пʼры" v iv ind @root #6->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #7->6

"<Иф>"
"иф" prn pers p3 sg @nsubj #1->3
"<ӿурт’иврор>"
"ӿурт’ив" v iv cvb_dst p3 sg @advcl #2->3
"<ӄ’одь>"
"ӄʼо" v iv ind @root #3->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #4->3

===advmod===
Adverbial modifier of a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Used in Nivkh primarily for non-derived adverbs (e.g. "yesterday" and "when").

"<Ӿылумр>"
"ӿы" det dem @det #1->2
"лумр" n @nsubj #2->4
"<лили>"
"лили" adv @advmod #3->4
"<урдь>"
"ур" v iv ind @root #4->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #5->4

"<Аньтьый>"
"аньтьый" adv @advmod #1->3
"<лили>"
"лили" adv @advmod #2->3
"<урлалуклумркукузр>"
"ур" v iv perm @acl #3->5
"лук" v iv @conj #4->3
"лумр" n pl @obj #5->6
"куз" v tv cvb_nar1 p3 sg @advcl #6->8
"<ескидь>"
"иф" prn pers p3 sg @obj #7->8
"эски" v tv ind @root #8->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #9->8

===nmod===
Nominal modifier of another nominal. Used in Nivkh primarily for genitive/possessive constructions.

"<Эримих>"
"эри" n @nmod #1->2
"ми" n abl @obl #2->4
"<чо>"
"чо" n @nsubj #3->4
"<тамдь>"
"там" v iv ind @root #4->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #5->4

"<Раӄӿонтӄняӄркедь>"
"раӄ" n @nmod #1->2
"ӿонтӄ" n @obj #2->4
"н" num cl3 @nummod #3->2
"ғе" v tv ind @root #4->0
"<.>"
"." sent @punct #5->4

[[Category:sp19_UD]]
[[Category:Nivkh]]

Nivkh/Universal Dependencies

2019-04-30T01:37:40Z

Glee2:

Nivkh

2019-04-25T01:07:10Z

Glee2: /* Developed Resources */

==Developed Resources==
===Keyboard===
*[[Nivkh/Keyboard | Keyboard Wiki Page]]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-keyboard Keyboard Github]

===Corpus===
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-corpus Corpus Github]

===Grammatical===
*[[Nivkh/Grammar | Grammar documentation]]

===Transducer===
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv Transducer GitHub]
*[[Nivkh/Transducer | Transducer wiki]]

===Disambiguation===
* [[Nivkh/Disambiguation | Disambiguator]]

===Translation===
*[[English_and_Nivkh | English-Nivkh machine translator]]

=== Universal Dependencies ===
*[[Nivkh/Universal_Dependencies | Nivkh universal dependencies]]

==External Resources==
===Computational===
*Nivkh keyboard (2001) All rights reserved [[http://www.peoples.org.ru/eng_keyboard.html link]]
*Nivkh keyboard layout by Professor Washington. GNU General Public License v3.0. [https://github.com/jonorthwash/m17n-niv]

===Dictionaries===
* Vajda, Edward J. “Comparative Nivkh Dictionary.” WORD 62.4 (2016): 272–275. (Available online via Tripod)

===Grammars===
* Krejnovich, E. A. "Nivxskij (Giljatskij) Jazyk." 1934 [https://sites.google.com/site/nivkhlanguage/pukk] [http://www.philology.ru/linguistics4/gruzdeva-97.htm]
* Nedi͡alkov, V. P. (Vladimir Petrovich) et al. "Syntax of the Nivkh Language: the Amur Dialect." Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Company, 2013. (Available online via [https://tripod.swarthmore.edu/discovery/search?query=any,contains,Syntax%20of%20the%20Nivkh%20Language:%20the%20Amur%20Dialect&tab=Everything&search_scope=SC_All&vid=01TRI_INST:SC&offset=0 Tripod])

===Scientific Works===
* Mattissen, Johanna. Dependent-Head Synthesis in Nivkh a Contribution to a Typology of Polysynthesis. Amsterdam ;: J. Benjamins Pub., 2003. (Available online via Tripod)
* Halm, Robert. Application of the comparative method to vocoid sequences in Nivkh. University of Kansas Linguistics Department., 2017. [https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/26631] (CC BY 4.0)
* Shiraishi, Hidetoshi & Bert Botma. "Asymmetric Distribution of Vowels in Nivkh." Ebetsu: Sapporo Gakuin University & Leiden University, 2016.
* [http://ext-web.edu.sgu.ac.jp/hidetos/HTML/nivkhcaa4.pdf On Nivkh Consonant Alternations]

===Corpora===
*[http://ebooks.east.om.org/bookdata/562.pdf Bible in Nivkh]
*[https://www.myethnos.ru/niv-amr-toc Selected Bible Stories in Nivkh with audio]
*[http://kykhkykh.org/gazeta-qnivkh-difq Nivkh-language newspaper]
[[Category:sp19_ResourceDocumentation]]
[[Category:Nivkh]]

Nivkh/Universal Dependencies

2019-04-25T01:05:24Z

Glee2: Created page with "== Evaluation == == Dependency relations == Category:sp19_UD"

== Evaluation ==

== Dependency relations ==

[[Category:sp19_UD]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-24T02:21:57Z

Glee2:

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and machine translation: added 101 stems to transducer and 100 to bilingual dictionary
*Structural transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 4 rules
**Set /B/ to <п> after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /B/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$
**Set /Q/ to <ӻ> after voiced stops
***^ыӈгӻана/ыӈг<v><tv><pot>$
**Set /Q/ to <ӽ> after voiceless stops
***^ӽатӽана/ӽат<v><tv><pot>$

=== Monolingual Transducer ===
==== Precision and Recall against annotated corpus ====
Totals: 51 forms, 68 tp, 0 fp, 0 tn, 24 fn

Precision: 100.00000%

Recall: 73.91304%

==== Coverage over large corpus ====
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 15696

Coverage: 33.50%

Number of words in large corpus: 76713

Number of stems in the transducer: Unique entries: 297

=== MT Pair ===

==== WER and PER over longer corpus ====
Word error rate (WER): 80.46 %

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 75.86 %

Percentage of unknown words: 26.92 %

==== Number of tokens ====
===== Longer =====
Number of words in reference: 348

Number of words in test: 208

Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 233

===== Large =====
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 15109

==== Trimmed Coverage ====
===== Longer =====
Coverage: 75.97%

===== Large =====
Coverage: 30.28%

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T03:18:22Z

Glee2: /* Number of tokens */

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and machine translation: added 101 stems to transducer and 100 to bilingual dictionary
*Structural transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 4 rules
**Set /B/ to <п> after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /B/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$
**Set /Q/ to <ӻ> after voiced stops
***^ыӈгӻана/ыӈг<v><tv><pot>$
**Set /Q/ to <ӽ> after voiceless stops
***^ӽатӽана/ӽат<v><tv><pot>$

== Monolingual Transducer ==

=== Coverage over large corpus ===
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 15696

Coverage: 33.50%

Number of words in large corpus: 76713

Number of stems in the transducer: Unique entries: 297

== MT Pair ==

=== WER and PER over longer corpus ===
Word error rate (WER): 80.46 %

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 75.86 %

Percentage of unknown words: 26.92 %

=== Number of tokens ===
==== Longer ====
Number of words in reference: 348

Number of words in test: 208

Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 233

==== Large ====
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 15109

=== Trimmed Coverage ===
==== Longer ====
Coverage: 75.97%

==== Large ====
Coverage: 30.28%

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T03:15:54Z

Glee2: /* WER and PER */

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and machine translation: added 101 stems to transducer and 100 to bilingual dictionary
*Structural transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 4 rules
**Set /B/ to <п> after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /B/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$
**Set /Q/ to <ӻ> after voiced stops
***^ыӈгӻана/ыӈг<v><tv><pot>$
**Set /Q/ to <ӽ> after voiceless stops
***^ӽатӽана/ӽат<v><tv><pot>$

== Monolingual Transducer ==

=== Coverage over large corpus ===
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 15696

Coverage: 33.50%

Number of words in large corpus: 76713

Number of stems in the transducer: Unique entries: 297

== MT Pair ==

=== WER and PER over longer corpus ===
Word error rate (WER): 80.46 %

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 75.86 %

Percentage of unknown words: 26.92 %

=== Number of tokens ===
==== Longer ====
Number of words in reference: 348

Number of words in test: 208

=== Trimmed Coverage ===
==== Longer ====
Coverage: 75.97%

==== Large ====
Coverage: 30.28%

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T03:13:15Z

Glee2: /* Final Evaluation */

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and machine translation: added 101 stems to transducer and 100 to bilingual dictionary
*Structural transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 4 rules
**Set /B/ to <п> after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /B/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$
**Set /Q/ to <ӻ> after voiced stops
***^ыӈгӻана/ыӈг<v><tv><pot>$
**Set /Q/ to <ӽ> after voiceless stops
***^ӽатӽана/ӽат<v><tv><pot>$

== Monolingual Transducer ==

=== Coverage over large corpus ===
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 15696

Coverage: 33.50%

Number of words in large corpus: 76713

Number of stems in the transducer: Unique entries: 297

== MT Pair ==

=== WER and PER ===
Word error rate (WER): 80.46 %

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 75.86 %

Percentage of unknown words: 26.92 %

=== Number of tokens ===
==== Longer ====
Number of words in reference: 348

Number of words in test: 208

=== Trimmed Coverage ===
==== Longer ====
Coverage: 75.97%

==== Large ====
Coverage: 30.28%

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T02:55:27Z

Glee2: /* Final Evaluation */

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and machine translation: added 101 stems to transducer and 100 to bilingual dictionary
*Structural transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 4 rules
**Set /B/ to <п> after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /B/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$
**Set /Q/ to <ӻ> after voiced stops
***^ыӈгӻана/ыӈг<v><tv><pot>$
**Set /Q/ to <ӽ> after voiceless stops
***^ӽатӽана/ӽат<v><tv><pot>$

=== WER and PER ===
Word error rate (WER): 80.46 %

Position-independent word error rate (PER): 75.86 %

Percentage of unknown words: 26.92 %

=== Number of tokens ===
==== Longer ====
Number of words in reference: 348

Number of words in test: 208

=== Trimmed Coverage ===
==== Longer ====
Coverage: 75.97%

==== Large ====
Coverage: 30.28%

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T02:24:12Z

Glee2: /* Additions */

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and Machine Translation: added 100 stems to both
*Structural Transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 4 rules
**Set /B/ to <п> after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /B/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$
**Set /Q/ to <ӻ> after voiced stops
***^ыӈгӻана/ыӈг<v><tv><pot>$
**Set /Q/ to <ӽ> after voiceless stops
***^ӽатӽана/ӽат<v><tv><pot>$

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T01:54:54Z

Glee2:

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Final Evaluation ==

=== Additions ===

*Transducer and Machine Translation: added 100 stems to both
*Structural Transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 2 rules
**Set /V/"п" after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /V/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-23T01:46:00Z

Glee2:

Resources for machine translation between [[English]] and [[Nivkh]]

==External resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng language pair repo]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv niv and eng transducer repos]

==Developed resources==
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp19/ling073-niv-eng-corpus parallel corpus]
*[[English and Nivkh/Lexical_selection|lexical selection]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar|contrastive grammar]]
*[[English and Nivkh/Structural transfer|structural transfer]]

== Initial Evaluation ==
===niv → eng evaluation===
Coverage using monolingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 69.7%
</pre>

Coverage using bilingual transducer:
<pre>
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 198
Coverage: 68.69%
</pre>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sentence
! Translation
! lexical transfer
! full translation
|-
| иф иғдь.
| he killed him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><ind>/kill<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| иф иғныдь.
| he will kill him.
| ^иф<prn><pers><p3><sg>/he<prn><p3><mf><sg>$ ^иғ<v><tv><fut><ind>/kill<vblex><fut><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #he #kill.
|-
| ӿоӻор озр видь.
| then, standing up, he went away.
| ^ӿоӻор<adv>/then<adv>$ ^оз<v><iv><cvb_nar><p3><sg>/stand<vblex><cvb_nar><p3><sg>$ ^ви<v><iv><ind>/go<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| then #stand #go.
|-
| умгу ооламотть.
| the woman kissed the child.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^мот<v><tv><ind>/kiss<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #child #kiss.
|-
| умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
| the woman fed her child bread.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #bread #self #child #feed.
|-
| нивхӄʼатумгу пудь.
| the woman who scolded the man went out.
| ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv>/scold<vblex>$ ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^пʼу<v><iv><ind>/go out<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #person #scold #woman #go out.
|-
| умгу ӿынивхӄʼатть.
| the woman scolded that man.
| ^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^ӿы<det><dem>/that<det><dem>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ӽат<v><tv><ind>/scold<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #woman #this #person #scold.
|-
| ытык пʼызнивхордь.
| father met the man who had called him.
| ^*ытык/*ытык$ ^пʼи<prn><ref.>/self<n>$ ^ыз<v><tv>/call<vblex>$ ^нивх<n>/person<n>$ ^ор<v><tv><ind>/meet<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #self #call #person #meet.
|-
| оола пʼӈафӄзадь.
| the child beat his friend.
| ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #child #self #friend #beat.
|-
| ытык оолаамӽтадь.
| father praised the child.
| ^ытык<n>/father<n>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^амӽта<v><tv><ind>/praise<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
| #father #child #praise.
|}

== Additions ==

*Transducer and Machine Translation: added 100 stems to both
*Structural Transfer: 2 rules (pronouns and word order)
*Twol: 2 rules
**Set /V/"п" after fricatives
***тыфпарк/тыф<n>+варк<part>
***тыфварк/*тыфварк
**Set /V/ to <б> after sonorants
***^ӄанбарк/ӄан<n>+варк<part>$
***канварк/*канварк$

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_TranslationPairs]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-18T13:54:57Z

Glee2: /* niv → eng evaluation */

English and Nivkh

2019-04-18T13:51:21Z

Glee2: /* Additions */

English and Nivkh

2019-04-17T01:07:07Z

Glee2: /* niv → eng evaluation */

English and Nivkh/Structural transfer

2019-04-16T22:26:13Z

Glee2: /* Word order */

==Preëvaluation==

===WER===

The preëvaluative WER is 148%.

===PER===

The preëvaluative PER is 148%.

==Evaluation==

===Word order===

*Умгу леп пʼоолаардь.
'''biltrans:'''

<^умгу<n>/woman<n>$ ^леп<n>/bread<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^ар<v><tv><ind>/feed<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$

'''chunker:'''

^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^woman<n><3>$}$ ^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^bread<n><3>$}$ ^determiner<SD><pos><p3><mf><pl>{^prpers<det><2><3><4><5><6>$}$ ^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^child<n><3>$}$ ^verb<SV><past><MD><ND>{^feed<vblex><2>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$

'''interchunk:'''

^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^woman<n><3>$}$ ^verb<SV><past><MD>{^feed<vblex><2>$}$ ^determiner<SD><pos><p3><mf><pl>{^prpers<det><2><3><4><5><6>$}$ ^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^child<n><3>$}$ ^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^bread<n><3>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$

'''postchunk:'''

^woman<n><sg>$ ^feed<vblex><past>$ ^prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^child<n><sg>$ ^bread<n><sg>$^.<sent>$^.<sent>$

'''niv-eng:'''

woman fed their child bread.

*Оола пʼӈафӄзадь.

'''biltrans:'''

^оола<n>/child<n>$ ^пʼи<det><ref.><poss>/prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^ӈафӄ<n>/friend<n>$ ^за<v><tv><ind>/beat<vblex><ind>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$

'''chunker:'''

^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^child<n><3>$}$ ^determiner<SD><pos><p3><mf><pl>{^prpers<det><2><3><4><5><6>$}$ ^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^friend<n><3>$}$ ^verb<SV><past><MD><ND>{^beat<vblex><2>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$

'''interchunk:'''

^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^child<n><3>$}$ ^verb<SV><past><MD>{^beat<vblex><2>$}$ ^determiner<SD><pos><p3><mf><pl>{^prpers<det><2><3><4><5><6>$}$ ^noun<SN><nom><sg>{^friend<n><3>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$^sent<SENT>{^.<sent>$}$

'''postchunk:'''

^child<n><sg>$ ^beat<vblex><past>$ ^prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><pl>$ ^friend<n><sg>$^.<sent>$^.<sent>$

'''niv-eng:'''

child beat their friend.

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_StructuralTransfer]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-16T14:23:58Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
{{comment|put in + signs where appropriate? —[[User:Jwashin1|Jwashin1]] ([[User talk:Jwashin1|talk]]) 16:37, 15 April 2019 (EDT)}}
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}}+ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}+умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}+ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}+нивх{{tag|n}}+ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}}+оола{{tag|n}}+ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}}+ӈафӄ{{tag|n}}+за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with the spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}}+ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}+кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-16T14:23:22Z

Glee2: /* SVO */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
{{comment|put in + signs where appropriate? —[[User:Jwashin1|Jwashin1]] ([[User talk:Jwashin1|talk]]) 16:37, 15 April 2019 (EDT)}}
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}}+ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}+умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}+ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}+нивх{{tag|n}}+ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}}+оола{{tag|n}}+ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}}+ӈафӄ{{tag|n}}+за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with the spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-16T14:22:42Z

Glee2: /* Relative Clauses */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
{{comment|put in + signs where appropriate? —[[User:Jwashin1|Jwashin1]] ([[User talk:Jwashin1|talk]]) 16:37, 15 April 2019 (EDT)}}
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}}+ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}+умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}+ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}+нивх{{tag|n}}+ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with the spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-16T13:41:24Z

Glee2: /* niv → eng evaluation */

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-16T13:35:51Z

Glee2: /* Relative Clauses */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
{{comment|put in + signs where appropriate? —[[User:Jwashin1|Jwashin1]] ([[User talk:Jwashin1|talk]]) 16:37, 15 April 2019 (EDT)}}
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with the spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-16T13:35:16Z

Glee2: /* SVO */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
{{comment|put in + signs where appropriate? —[[User:Jwashin1|Jwashin1]] ([[User talk:Jwashin1|talk]]) 16:37, 15 April 2019 (EDT)}}
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|det}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with the spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-10T23:29:37Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with a spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} a{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-10T23:24:52Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄʼотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with a spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄʼотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} a{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

иф ӄʼахкир ӄотркʼудь.

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-10T23:18:07Z

Glee2:

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф ӄʼахкир ӄотркʼудь.|he killed the bear with a spear.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ӄʼах{{tag|n}}{{tag|ins}} ӄотр{{tag|n}} ху{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} bear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} with{{tag|pr}} a{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} spear{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

иф ӄʼахкир ӄотркʼудь.

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-10T21:13:49Z

Glee2: /* SVO */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|n}} ник{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-10T20:49:54Z

Glee2:

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-09T13:45:25Z

Glee2: /* Converbs end with "-ing" in english */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.|touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|n}} ник{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Lexical selection

2019-04-09T01:26:30Z

Glee2: /* eng -> niv */

== eng -> niv==

пʼу - go out, exit, leave

''Иф тыфпʼудь.''

He went out of the house.

''Иф ваӄапʼудь.''

He exited the box.

''Иф ӿуньфпʼудь.''

He exited the barrel.

''Иф попʼудь.''

He left the village.

''Иф нёпʼудь.''

He left the barn.

____________________________

маӈӻ - to be wealthy, powerful

''Ӿемар маӈӻдь.''

The old man is wealthy.

''ытик маӈӻдь.''

Grandma is wealthy.

''Ытык маӈӻдь.''

Father is powerful.

''Ымык маӈӻдь.''

Mother is powerful.

[[Category:Sp19 LexicalSelection]]

English and Nivkh/Lexical selection

2019-04-09T01:26:13Z

Glee2: /* eng -> niv */

English and Nivkh/Lexical selection

2019-04-09T01:25:44Z

Glee2: /* eng -> niv */

== eng -> niv==

пʼу - go out, exit, leave

''Иф тыфпʼудь.''

He went out of the house.

''Иф ӿуньфпʼудь.''

He exited the barrel.

''Иф ваӄапʼудь.''

He exited the box.

''Иф ӿуньфпʼудь.''

He exited the barrel.

''Иф попʼудь.''

He left the village.

''Иф нёпʼудь.''

He left the barn.

____________________________

маӈӻ - to be wealthy, powerful

''Ӿемар маӈӻдь.''

The old man is wealthy.

''ытик маӈӻдь.''

Grandma is wealthy.

''Ытык маӈӻдь.''

Father is powerful.

''Ымык маӈӻдь.''

Mother is powerful.

[[Category:Sp19 LexicalSelection]]

English and Nivkh/Lexical selection

2019-04-09T01:06:47Z

Glee2: /* eng -> niv */

== eng -> niv==

пʼу - go out, exit, leave

''Иф ваӄапʼудь.''

He exited the box.

''Иф попʼудь.''

He left the village.

____________________________

маӈӻ - to be wealthy, powerful

''Ӿемар маӈӻдь.''

The old man is wealthy.

''Ытык маӈӻдь.''

Father is powerful.

[[Category:Sp19 LexicalSelection]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-09T00:46:08Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|n}} ник{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф энакʼныкроӽ видь.|he went to another promontory.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} эна{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} кʼнык{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} to{{tag|pr}} another{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|sg}} promontory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-07T02:41:53Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|n}} ник{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-07T02:38:47Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-07T02:38:16Z

Glee2: /* Case endings as prepositions */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-07T02:37:11Z

Glee2: /* Examples */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|тычо ни юх чӽаникғир ғедь.|I bought this fish from him for one ruble.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ты{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} чо{{tag|n}}} ни{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abl}} чӽа{{tag|num}}{{tag|cl9}}{{tag|ins}} ғе{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|I prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} bought{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|sg}} fish{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} from{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} for{{tag|pr}} one{{tag|num}}{{tag|sg}} ruble{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh

2019-04-07T02:10:53Z

Glee2: /* niv → eng evaluation */

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-07T01:50:27Z

Glee2: /* Examples */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Case endings as prepositions ====

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]

English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar

2019-04-07T01:49:59Z

Glee2: /* niv-eng tests */

=== niv-eng tests ===

*Future tag becomes "will"
*<code> cvb_nar1</code> should turn into "-ing"
*Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
*Make relative clauses work
*Translate case endings as prepositions

=== Examples ===
==== Add a "will" before word with future tense ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғдь.|He killed him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|иф иғныдь.|He will kill him}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|иф{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} иғ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|fut}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} kill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Relative Clauses ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь.|the woman who scolded the man went out.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нивх{{tag|n}} ӽат{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} умгу{{tag|n}} пʼу{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} scold{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} go out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ытык пʼызнивхордь.|father met the man who had called him.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ытык{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|ref}} ыз{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} нивх{{tag|n}} ор{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}} .{{tag|sent}}|father{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} meet{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} man{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} who{{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|past}} call{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}}.{{tag|sent}}}}

==== Converbs end with "-ing" in english ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор озр видь.|then, standing up, he went away.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|ӿоӻор{{tag|cnjadv}} оз{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} ви{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}} .{{tag|sent}}|then{{tag|cvjadv}} ,{{tag|cm}} stand{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} up{{tag|adv}} ,{{tag|cm}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|sg}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} away{{tag|adv}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|нёх рғопт эзмудь.| touching it in the barn, rejoiced.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|нё{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}} рғоп{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|cvb_nar1}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}} эзму{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pl}} .{{tag|sent}}|touch{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pprs}} it{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|sg}} in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} barn{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} ,{{tag|cm}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|pl}} rejoice{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

==== SVO ====
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|умгу леп пʼоолаардь.|the woman fed her child bread.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|умгу{{tag|n}} леп{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}} оола{{tag|n}} ар{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} woman{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} fed{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} bread{{tag|n}}{{tag|s}} .{{tag|sent}}}}
* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}}

[[Category:Nivkh]]
[[Category:English]]
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]]