Rungus/Grammar

2025-02-20T18:26:29Z

Jdrisco1: /* Parts of Speech */

Rungus/Grammar

2025-02-20T17:41:07Z

Rungus/Keyboard

2025-02-13T18:11:43Z

Jdrisco1: /* Changes Made */

Rungus/Keyboard

2025-02-13T18:10:55Z

Jdrisco1:

==Existing Resources==
Everything we can find online says that Malay speakers use the standard US English keyboard. There are no Rungus keyboard layouts available online.
=Changes Made=
We made the following changes to the standard US English keyboard layout:
*Replaced the back tick symbol in the top left key (`) with the alphabetical glottal stop symbol in Rungus (ʼ). We then added the back tick to the AltGr slot on the same key, in case it might be useful for coding, etc. We wanted to prioritize the alphabetical character in the lowercase slot.
*To incorporate IPA symbols, we added the ones necessary to visually corresponding letter keys in the AltGr slot. /ʔ/ was added to q/Q, /ɵ/ to o/O, /ʑ/ to z/Z, /ɕ/ to c/C, and /ŋ/ to n/N.
==Keyboard with IPA Symbols==
{{kbdrow1|{{kbdkey|ʼ|~|`}} {{kbdkey|1|!}} {{kbdkey|2|@}} {{kbdkey|3|#}} {{kbdkey|4|$}} {{kbdkey|5|%}} {{kbdkey|6|^}} {{kbdkey|7|&}} {{kbdkey|8|*}} {{kbdkey|9|(}} {{kbdkey|0|)}} {{kbdkey|-|_}} {{kbdkey|=|+}} }}
{{kbdrow2|{{kbdkey|q|Q|ʔ}} {{kbdkey|w|W}} {{kbdkey|e|E}} {{kbdkey|r|R}} {{kbdkey|t|T}} {{kbdkey|y|Y}} {{kbdkey|u|U}} {{kbdkey|i|I}} {{kbdkey|o|O|ɵ}} {{kbdkey|p|P}} {{kbdkey|[|{}} {{kbdkey|]|} }} {{kbdkey|\|{{!}}}} }}
{{kbdrow3|{{kbdkey|a|A}} {{kbdkey|s|S}} {{kbdkey|d|D}} {{kbdkey|f|F}} {{kbdkey|g|G}} {{kbdkey|h|H}} {{kbdkey|j|J}} {{kbdkey|k|K}} {{kbdkey|l|L}} {{kbdkey|;|:}} {{kbdkey|'|"|}} }}
{{kbdrow4|{{kbdkey|z|Z|ʑ}} {{kbdkey|x|X}} {{kbdkey|c|C|ɕ}} {{kbdkey|v|V}} {{kbdkey|b|B}} {{kbdkey|n|N|ŋ}} {{kbdkey|m|M}} {{kbdkey|,|<}} {{kbdkey|.|>}} {{kbdkey|/|?}} }}

[[Category:Sp25_KeyboardLayouts]]
[[Category:Rungus]]

Rungus

2025-02-13T18:01:43Z

Jdrisco1: /* Developed Resources */

==About Rungus==
Rungus is a variety of Momogun, an Austronesian language spoken in Sabah, Malaysia. It currently has around 60,000 speakers, including 10,000 monolinguals. The language is threatened and has extremely low digital support.
*[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/drg/ Ethnologue page for Rungus]
**Basic linguistic information
*[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/rung1259 Glottolog page for Rungus]
**Basic linguistic information and categorization
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momogun_language (Very sparse) Wikipedia page for Momogun, Rungus's autonym]
**Not very helpful. Perhaps we will be able to populate it in the future :)
*[http://www.language-archives.org/language/drg Compilation of various resources]
**OLAC resources about Rungus: wordlists, language data, etc.

==External Resources==
===Computational Resources===
*Course Github Repository [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-drg-corpus/tree/main]
**Currently holds several files of Rungus words, phrases, and sentences

===Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries===
*Appell, G. N., & Appell, L. W. R. (1961). A provisional field dictionary of the Rungus Dusun language of North Borneo.
**Field dictionary made for doing fieldwork with the Rungus people. Requested through ILL (Edit: arrived).
*SIL Global. (2025). Rungus Dictionary. ''Webonary.org.'' [https://www.webonary.org/rungus/browse/browse-vernacular-english/ URL]
**Online dictionary that translates between Rungus, Malay, and English. Has full Rungus phrases translated from Rungus to English as well. The entire site can also be translated into Rungus, which could be really nice.
**Webonary's [https://www.webonary.org/sil-international-terms-of-service-for-webonary-org/ terms of service] seem to allow us to use its data for our purposes. We are allowed to download any content accessible on the website.
*Sokuroh, J.K. (2013). Pu'un do Boros Momogun Rungus Rootwords (Momogun Rungus - English)
**Another Rungus to English dictionary that appears to specify rootwords, which may be helpful. Requested through ILL.

===Grammatical Descriptions===
Appears to be primarily inflectional. Tenses and other words are formed with affixation, whether that be prefixes, infixes, or suffixes. Since Austronesian languages tend to be further on the agglutinative side of things, it's very possible that there is some agglutination happening as well.
*Forschner, T. A. (1994). Hoturan Di Boros Momogun (Rungus) = Outline of a Momogun Grammar (Rungus Dialect). Kudat. [https://www.ebfo.de/rungus/Rungus-Grammar_A4.pdf PDF]
**The main grammar of Rungus we have been able to find. Seems to be pretty comprehensive.

===Scientific Works===
*King, J. K. (1984). The Rungus Language. In J. K. King & J. W. King (Eds.), ''Languages of Sabah: A Survey Report'', pp.283-296. The Australian National University. [http://sealang.net/archives/pl/pdf/PL-C78.283.pdf PDF]
**This is a survey of the dialects of Rungus, testing dialect intelligibility. Not sure if this will be helpful, but it's here for now.
*Al-Khaza'leh, B. A. (2023). Status of Rungus Language as an Indigenous Language Spoken by Rungus Ethnic Group in Eastern Malaysia. ''Journal of Language Teaching and Research,'' ''14''(3), pp. 656-664. [https://jltr.academypublication.com/index.php/jltr/article/view/5904/4720 URL].
**This is essentially an ethnographic status check on how the Rungus language is doing endangerment-wise. The language is endangered and literacy rates are dropping.

===Corpora===
*Sulukan, Minie (translator). (2020). SUMODIA suma'ap #COVID-19. University Malaysia Sabah. [https://www.ums.edu.my/v5/ms/announcement-link-3/9225-projek-terjemahan-poster-anti-covid-19-who-fifa-ke-bahasa-orang-asal-sabah-2 URL]
**Translation of COVID resources. The page itself is in Malay, but at the bottom there are versions of each poster translated into Rungus.
*Bongkol, Parasin. (2003). Usul do Minamangun om Koposizon do Momogun: om vokon po.
**This is a selection of texts in Rungus on many different topics, such as worldview, poetry, and traditional law.
*It Avanus o Bahazan: om ongo surat vokon
**Seems to be a book in Rungus. Requested through ILL (Edit: arrived)

==Developed Resources==
===Keyboard===
*[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Rungus/Keyboard Wiki keyboard page]
*[https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-drg-keyboard Git keyboard repository]

[[Category:Rungus]]
[[Category:sp25_ResourceDocumentation]]

Rungus

2025-02-13T17:59:03Z

Jdrisco1: /* Existing Resources */

==About Rungus==
Rungus is a variety of Momogun, an Austronesian language spoken in Sabah, Malaysia. It currently has around 60,000 speakers, including 10,000 monolinguals. The language is threatened and has extremely low digital support.
*[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/drg/ Ethnologue page for Rungus]
**Basic linguistic information
*[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/rung1259 Glottolog page for Rungus]
**Basic linguistic information and categorization
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momogun_language (Very sparse) Wikipedia page for Momogun, Rungus's autonym]
**Not very helpful. Perhaps we will be able to populate it in the future :)
*[http://www.language-archives.org/language/drg Compilation of various resources]
**OLAC resources about Rungus: wordlists, language data, etc.

==External Resources==
===Computational Resources===
*Course Github Repository [https://github.swarthmore.edu/Ling073-sp25/ling073-drg-corpus/tree/main]
**Currently holds several files of Rungus words, phrases, and sentences

===Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries===
*Appell, G. N., & Appell, L. W. R. (1961). A provisional field dictionary of the Rungus Dusun language of North Borneo.
**Field dictionary made for doing fieldwork with the Rungus people. Requested through ILL (Edit: arrived).
*SIL Global. (2025). Rungus Dictionary. ''Webonary.org.'' [https://www.webonary.org/rungus/browse/browse-vernacular-english/ URL]
**Online dictionary that translates between Rungus, Malay, and English. Has full Rungus phrases translated from Rungus to English as well. The entire site can also be translated into Rungus, which could be really nice.
**Webonary's [https://www.webonary.org/sil-international-terms-of-service-for-webonary-org/ terms of service] seem to allow us to use its data for our purposes. We are allowed to download any content accessible on the website.
*Sokuroh, J.K. (2013). Pu'un do Boros Momogun Rungus Rootwords (Momogun Rungus - English)
**Another Rungus to English dictionary that appears to specify rootwords, which may be helpful. Requested through ILL.

===Grammatical Descriptions===
Appears to be primarily inflectional. Tenses and other words are formed with affixation, whether that be prefixes, infixes, or suffixes. Since Austronesian languages tend to be further on the agglutinative side of things, it's very possible that there is some agglutination happening as well.
*Forschner, T. A. (1994). Hoturan Di Boros Momogun (Rungus) = Outline of a Momogun Grammar (Rungus Dialect). Kudat. [https://www.ebfo.de/rungus/Rungus-Grammar_A4.pdf PDF]
**The main grammar of Rungus we have been able to find. Seems to be pretty comprehensive.

===Scientific Works===
*King, J. K. (1984). The Rungus Language. In J. K. King & J. W. King (Eds.), ''Languages of Sabah: A Survey Report'', pp.283-296. The Australian National University. [http://sealang.net/archives/pl/pdf/PL-C78.283.pdf PDF]
**This is a survey of the dialects of Rungus, testing dialect intelligibility. Not sure if this will be helpful, but it's here for now.
*Al-Khaza'leh, B. A. (2023). Status of Rungus Language as an Indigenous Language Spoken by Rungus Ethnic Group in Eastern Malaysia. ''Journal of Language Teaching and Research,'' ''14''(3), pp. 656-664. [https://jltr.academypublication.com/index.php/jltr/article/view/5904/4720 URL].
**This is essentially an ethnographic status check on how the Rungus language is doing endangerment-wise. The language is endangered and literacy rates are dropping.

===Corpora===
*Sulukan, Minie (translator). (2020). SUMODIA suma'ap #COVID-19. University Malaysia Sabah. [https://www.ums.edu.my/v5/ms/announcement-link-3/9225-projek-terjemahan-poster-anti-covid-19-who-fifa-ke-bahasa-orang-asal-sabah-2 URL]
**Translation of COVID resources. The page itself is in Malay, but at the bottom there are versions of each poster translated into Rungus.
*Bongkol, Parasin. (2003). Usul do Minamangun om Koposizon do Momogun: om vokon po.
**This is a selection of texts in Rungus on many different topics, such as worldview, poetry, and traditional law.
*It Avanus o Bahazan: om ongo surat vokon
**Seems to be a book in Rungus. Requested through ILL (Edit: arrived)

==Developed Resources==
===Keyboard===
*[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Rungus/Keyboard Wiki keyboard page]

[[Category:Rungus]]
[[Category:sp25_ResourceDocumentation]]

Rungus/Keyboard

2025-02-13T17:55:41Z

Jdrisco1: /* Regular Keyboard */

==Keyboard with IPA Symbols==
{{kbdrow1|{{kbdkey|ʼ|~|`}} {{kbdkey|1|!}} {{kbdkey|2|@}} {{kbdkey|3|#}} {{kbdkey|4|$}} {{kbdkey|5|%}} {{kbdkey|6|^}} {{kbdkey|7|&}} {{kbdkey|8|*}} {{kbdkey|9|(}} {{kbdkey|0|)}} {{kbdkey|-|_}} {{kbdkey|=|+}} }}
{{kbdrow2|{{kbdkey|q|Q|ʔ}} {{kbdkey|w|W}} {{kbdkey|e|E}} {{kbdkey|r|R}} {{kbdkey|t|T}} {{kbdkey|y|Y}} {{kbdkey|u|U}} {{kbdkey|i|I}} {{kbdkey|o|O|ɵ}} {{kbdkey|p|P}} {{kbdkey|[|{}} {{kbdkey|]|} }} {{kbdkey|\|{{!}}}} }}
{{kbdrow3|{{kbdkey|a|A}} {{kbdkey|s|S}} {{kbdkey|d|D}} {{kbdkey|f|F}} {{kbdkey|g|G}} {{kbdkey|h|H}} {{kbdkey|j|J}} {{kbdkey|k|K}} {{kbdkey|l|L}} {{kbdkey|;|:}} {{kbdkey|'|"|}} }}
{{kbdrow4|{{kbdkey|z|Z|ʑ}} {{kbdkey|x|X}} {{kbdkey|c|C|ɕ}} {{kbdkey|v|V}} {{kbdkey|b|B}} {{kbdkey|n|N|ŋ}} {{kbdkey|m|M}} {{kbdkey|,|<}} {{kbdkey|.|>}} {{kbdkey|/|?}} }}

[[Category:Sp25_KeyboardLayouts]]
[[Category:Rungus]]

2025-01-29T15:33:23Z

Jdrisco1: /* About Rungus */

Rungus

2025-01-29T15:32:01Z

Jdrisco1: /* Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries */

Rungus

2025-01-29T15:26:57Z

Jdrisco1: /* Dictionaries/Phrasebooks/Glossaries */

Rungus

2025-01-29T15:26:04Z

Jdrisco1: /* Corpora */

Rungus

2025-01-29T15:22:34Z

Jdrisco1: /* Scientific Works */

Rungus

2025-01-29T15:22:24Z

Jdrisco1: /* Scientific Works */