Eastern Burushaski and English/Contrastive Grammar - Revision history

Cwillia7 at 23:18, 9 April 2019

2019-04-09T23:18:53Z

Nstern1: /* Question Particle */

2019-04-09T23:11:19Z

‎Question Particle

Nstern1 at 23:10, 9 April 2019

2019-04-09T23:10:34Z

Nstern1 at 23:08, 9 April 2019

2019-04-09T23:08:18Z

Nstern1 at 13:42, 4 April 2019

2019-04-04T13:42:56Z

Cwillia7 at 13:39, 4 April 2019

2019-04-04T13:39:34Z

Cwillia7 at 13:38, 4 April 2019

2019-04-04T13:38:03Z

Cwillia7 at 13:29, 4 April 2019

2019-04-04T13:29:07Z

Cwillia7 at 13:22, 4 April 2019

2019-04-04T13:22:04Z

Cwillia7 at 13:03, 4 April 2019

2019-04-04T13:03:46Z

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 Examples:
 *{{transferTest|bsk|eng|e tis amana baa. | I made a mistake.}}  (#I #mistake #I# become #be.)
 *{{transferTest|bsk|eng|aa ine gane t̪ayaar baa. | I am ready for him}} ( #I #that #for.the.sake.of #ready #be.)
 In these examples, it is evident that the Burushaski sentences contain different first-person pronouns while English uses "I" in both cases.
@@ Line 14: / Line 16: @@
 * {{transferTest|bsk|eng|d̪aa šaam meey bila. | It gets dark again.}} ( #and #evening #become.IPFV #be.)
 * {{transferTest|bsk|eng|it̪e paad̪šaa buc̣ bila. | That is the oriental plane of the king.}} ( #that #king #oriental.plane.(tree.species) #be.)
 * {{transferTest|bsk|eng|ine paad̪šaa t̪alo yuu bam. | That king had seven sons.}}  (#that #king #seven #sons #be.)
 Shown in these examples, the copula is consistently placed at the end of the sentence, while in English, it usually follows the subject.

@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 ===Question Particle===
-*{{transferTest|d̪aa it̪eer šaan e naa|And please be careful of that}}
+*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|d̪aa it̪eer šaan e naa|And please be careful of that}}
 **{{transferMorphTest|bsk|eng|d̪aa{{tag|conn}} in{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|dst}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cly}}{{tag|dat}} šaan{{tag|adj}} e{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|erg}} naa{{tag|q}}|and{{tag|cnjcoo}} please{{tag|ij}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|inf}} careful{{tag|adj}} of{{tag|pr}} that{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}}}}
 [[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]] [[Category:Eastern_Burushaski]]

@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 ===Postpositions===
 *{{transferTest|bsk|eng|aa ine gane t̪ayaar baa|I am ready for him}}
-**{{transferMorphTest|bsk|eng|e{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} in{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} gane{{tag|}} t̪ayaar{{tag|}} b{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}|prpers{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} be{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} ready/ready{{tag|}}/ready{{tag|}}{{tag|}} for/for{{tag|}}/for{{tag|}} prpers{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} }}
+**{{transferMorphTest|bsk|eng|e{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abs}} in{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|dst}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|mf}} gane{{tag|post}} t̪ayaar{{tag|n}} b{{tag|cop}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}} ready/ready{{tag|adv}}/ready{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} for/for{{tag|cnjadv}}/for{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} }}
 ===Question Particle===
 *{{transferTest|d̪aa it̪eer šaan e naa|And please be careful of that}}
-**{{transferMorphTest|bsk|eng|d̪aa{{tag|}} in{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} šaan{{tag|}} e{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}} naa{{tag|}}|and{{tag|}} please{{tag|}} be{{tag|}}{{tag|}} careful{{tag|}} of{{tag|}} that{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}{{tag|}}}}
+**{{transferMorphTest|bsk|eng|d̪aa{{tag|conn}} in{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|dst}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|cly}}{{tag|dat}} šaan{{tag|adj}} e{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|erg}} naa{{tag|q}}|and{{tag|cnjcoo}} please{{tag|ij}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|inf}} careful{{tag|adj}} of{{tag|pr}} that{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}}}}
 [[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]] [[Category:Eastern_Burushaski]]

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Burushaski marks nouns for case, while English uses prepositions.
-*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|eer{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|dat}}| for{{tag|pr}} him{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|kuult̪o eer ečam|Today I will do it for him}}
-*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|gušpurate{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}} | on{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} prince{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} }}
+**{{transferMorphTest|bsk|eng|kuult̪o{{tag|adv}} e{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|dat}} eč{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}| for{{tag|pr}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}
 ===Postpositions===
+*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|aa ine gane t̪ayaar baa|I am ready for him}}
 ===Question Particle===
 [[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]] [[Category:Eastern_Burushaski]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ===Ergative/Absolutive===
 English is a nom/acc language while Burushaski is an erg/abs language. A such, Burushaski treats the object of transitive verbs like the subject of intransitive verbs, while English treats the subjects of these two types of verbs similarly and distinguishes the object.
@@ Line 28: / Line 30: @@
 ===Question Particle===
 [[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]] [[Category:Eastern_Burushaski]]

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 In these examples, it is evident that the Burushaski sentences contain different first-person pronouns while English uses "I" in both cases.
 ===Verb Final===
@@ Line 17: / Line 16: @@
 Shown in these examples, the copula is consistently placed at the end of the sentence, while in English, it usually follows the subject.
 ===Case Marking===
-*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|eer{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|dat}} }}
+*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|eer{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|dat}}| for{{tag|pr}} him{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}
-*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|gušpurate{{tag|n}}{{tag|  }}
+*{{transferTest|bsk|eng|gušpurate{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}} | on{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} prince{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}
 ===Postpositions===

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Examples:
 *e tis amana baa. "I made a mistake"  --> do #mistake #I# become #be.
+*aa ine gane t̪ayaar baa. " I am ready for him" --> #I #that #for.the.sake.of #ready #be.