Japhug and English/ContrastiveGrammars - Revision history

Lho2 at 18:03, 4 May 2023

2023-05-04T18:03:53Z

Lho2 at 17:54, 4 May 2023

2023-05-04T17:54:51Z

Lho2 at 17:23, 4 May 2023

2023-05-04T17:23:21Z

Jwashin1 at 18:14, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T18:14:56Z

Jwashin1 at 18:13, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T18:13:37Z

Jwashin1 at 18:13, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T18:13:32Z

Jwashin1 at 18:12, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T18:12:25Z

Jwashin1 at 18:11, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T18:11:35Z

Ylhamo1 at 17:10, 3 May 2023

2023-05-03T17:10:19Z

Tdorji1 at 23:46, 27 April 2023

2023-04-27T23:46:18Z

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|khramba kɤβzu mɤpe.|Telling lies is not good.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|khramba{{tag|n}} βzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} pe{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}|Telling{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ipfv}} lie{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|v}} not{{tag|adv}} good{{tag|adj}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|khramba{{tag|n}} βzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} pe{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}|Telli{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ipfv}} lie{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|v}} not{{tag|adv}} good{{tag|adj}}}}
 {{comment|Where's negation in this second example? -JNW }}

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|kɯkɯra xuexiao ɲɯrganɯ.|These (the children) like school.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|kɯkɯra{{tag|dem}}{{tag|prox}}{{tag|pl}} xuexiao{{tag|n}}{{tag|ind}} ɲɯrganɯ{{tag|v}}{{tag|sens}}{{tag|pl}}|These{{tag|dem}}{{tag|prox}}{{tag|pl}} like{{tag|vblex}} school{{tag|n}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|kɯkɯra{{tag|dem}}{{tag|prox}}{{tag|pl}} xuexiao{{tag|n}}{{tag|ind}} rga{{tag|v}}{{tag|sens}}{{tag|pl}}|These{{tag|dem}}{{tag|prox}}{{tag|pl}} like{{tag|vblex}} school{{tag|n}}}}
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 {{comment|no need for subcategory tags on your postpositions, just like English doesn't have them for prepositions.  Just use <tag>post</tag>. -JNW}}
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|jonɯɕe tɕe, tʂu tɕu ɲɤmtsɯr.|They went, and on the road they were hungry.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|jonɯɕe{{tag|v}}{{tag|ifr}}{{tag|auto}} tɕe{{tag|lnk}}, tʂu{{tag|n}} tɕu{{tag|post}}{{tag|loc}} ɲɤmtsɯr{{tag|v}}{{tag|ifr}}|They{{tag|prn}}{{tag|sbj}} went{{tag|vblex}}, and{{tag|lnk}} on{{tag|pr}}{{tag|loc}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}} road{{tag|n}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|sbj}} were{{tag|aux}}{{tag|past}} hungry{{tag|vblex}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|ɕe{{tag|v}}{{tag|ifr}}{{tag|auto}} tɕe{{tag|lnk}}, tʂu{{tag|n}} tɕu{{tag|post}} mtsɯr{{tag|v}}{{tag|ifr}}|They{{tag|prn}}{{tag|sbj}} go{{tag|vblex}}, and{{tag|lnk}} on{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}} road{{tag|n}} they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|sbj}} be{{tag|aux}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|pl}} hungry{{tag|vblex}}}}
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|ambro ɯjme zɯ kɤzo.|Land on my horse's tail.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|ambro{{tag|n}}{{tag|px1sg}} ɯjme{{tag|n}}{{tag|px3sg}} zɯ{{tag|post}}{{tag|loc}} kɤzo{{tag|v}}{{tag|imp}}|Land{{tag|vblex}} on{{tag|pr}}{{tag|loc}} my{{tag|adv}} horse's{{tag|n}}{{tag|poss}} tail{{tag|n}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|mbro{{tag|n}}{{tag|px1sg}} jme{{tag|n}}{{tag|px3sg}} zɯ{{tag|post}} zo{{tag|v}}{{tag|imp}}|Land{{tag|vblex}} on{{tag|pr}} my{{tag|adv}} horse{{tag|n}}{{tag|poss}} tail{{tag|n}}}}
 . Japhug expresses negation by a prefix on the verb, where English requires an adverb like "not" (and often an auxiliary verb like "did").
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|aʑo mɯpɯrɤʑia.|I was not present.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|aʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}} mɯpɯrɤʑia{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|pst}}|I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}} was{{tag|aux}}{{tag|pst}} not{{tag|adv}}{{tag|neg}} present{{tag|vblex}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|aʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}} rɤʑi{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|pst}}{{tag|1sg}}|I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}} be{{tag|aux}}{{tag|pst}} not{{tag|adv}}{{tag|neg}} present{{tag|vblex}}}}
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|khramba kɤβzu mɤpe.|Telling lies is not good.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|khramba{{tag|n}} kɤβzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} mɤpe{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}|Telling{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ipfv}} lies{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} is{{tag|v}} not{{tag|adv}} good{{tag|adj}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|khramba{{tag|n}} βzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} pe{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}|Telling{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ipfv}} lie{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} be{{tag|v}} not{{tag|adv}} good{{tag|adj}}}}
 {{comment|Where's negation in this second example? -JNW }}
@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|ɯʑo kɯ nɤʑo pɯ́wɣsɯmtoa.|They caused me to see you.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|ɯʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|3sg}} kɯ{{tag|post}}{{tag|erg}} nɤʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|2sg}} pɯ́wɣsɯmtoa{{tag|v}}{{tag|ipfv}}{{tag|inv}}{{tag|caus}}{{tag|1sg}}|He{{tag|prn}}{{tag|3sg}} caused{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pst}} me{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}}{{tag|obj}} to{{tag|aux}} see{{tag|vblex}} you{{tag|prn}}{{tag|2sg}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|ɯʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|3sg}} kɯ{{tag|post}}{{tag|erg}} nɤʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|2sg}} mto{{tag|v}}{{tag|ipfv}}{{tag|inv}}{{tag|caus}}{{tag|1sg}}|He{{tag|prn}}{{tag|3sg}} cause{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pst}} me{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}}{{tag|obj}} to{{tag|aux}} see{{tag|vblex}} you{{tag|prn}}{{tag|2sg}}}}
-* {{transferTest|jya|eng|tɤʑɣɤɕɯfka.|Eat to your fill!}}
+* {{transferTest|jya|eng|tɤʑɣɤɕɯfka.|Eat your fill!}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|tɤʑɣɤɕɯfka{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|imp}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|caus}}|Eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} to{{tag|pr}} your{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|sp}} fill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|fka{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|imp}}{{tag|refl}}{{tag|caus}}|Eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} your{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|sp}} fill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}}}}
 {{comment|Is this "eat until you're full" or "eat your fill"? -JNW}}
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|ɕɤrɯ nɯ ʁnɯtɤrtsɯɣ toβzundʑi tɕe.|They made two piles from the bones.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|ɕɤrɯ{{tag|n}} nɯ{{tag|dem}} ʁnɯtɤrtsɯɣ{{tag|n}} toβzundʑi{{tag|v}}{{tag|ifr}}{{tag|du}} tɕe{{tag|lnk}}|They{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pl}} made{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pst}} two{{tag|adj}} piles{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} from{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}} bones{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|ɕɤrɯ{{tag|n}} nɯ{{tag|dem}} ʁnɯtɤrtsɯɣ{{tag|n}} βzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|ifr}}{{tag|du}} tɕe{{tag|lnk}}|They{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pl}} make{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pst}} two{{tag|adj}} pile{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} from{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}} bone{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}}
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|maka ɯtaʁ mɯpjɤpenɯ.|They were not good to him.}}

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 * {{transferTest|jya|eng|βzaŋsa tonɯpandʑi.|(They) made friends (with each other).}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|βzaŋsa{{tag|n}}{{tag|ind}} tonɯpandʑi{{tag|v}}{{tag|du}}|They{{tag|prn}}{{tag|sbj}}{{tag|pl}} made{{tag|vblex}} friends{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|βzaŋsa{{tag|n}}{{tag|ind}} tonɯpa{{tag|v}}{{tag|du}}|They{{tag|prn}}{{tag|sbj}}{{tag|pl}} make{{tag|vblex}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}}
 (Note: Japhug intransitive verbs require an object but not a subject, unlike in English.)
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 : {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|aʑo{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}} mɯpɯrɤʑia{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|pst}}|I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|1sg}} was{{tag|aux}}{{tag|pst}} not{{tag|adv}}{{tag|neg}} present{{tag|vblex}}}}
-* {{transferTest|jya|eng|khramba kɤβzu mɤpe.|Telling lies is bad.}}
+* {{transferTest|jya|eng|khramba kɤβzu mɤpe.|Telling lies is not good.}}
-: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|khramba{{tag|n}} kɤβzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} mɤpe{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}|Telling{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ipfv}} lies{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} is{{tag|v}} bad{{tag|adj}}}}
+: {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|khramba{{tag|n}} kɤβzu{{tag|v}}{{tag|inf}} mɤpe{{tag|v}}{{tag|neg}}|Telling{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ipfv}} lies{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} is{{tag|v}} not{{tag|adv}} good{{tag|adj}}}}
 {{comment|Where's negation in this second example? -JNW }}

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:14, 3 May 2023
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		+	{{comment\|all transferMorphTests should include lemmas with the tags, not full forms -JNW}}
		+
	1. For clauses with transitive verbs, in Japhug the object generally precedes the verb (and follows the subject). In English however the object follows the verb.		1. For clauses with transitive verbs, in Japhug the object generally precedes the verb (and follows the subject). In English however the object follows the verb.

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 : {{transferMorphTest|jya|eng|tɤʑɣɤɕɯfka{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|imp}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|caus}}|Eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}} to{{tag|pr}} your{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|sp}} fill{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}}}}
-{{comment|Is this "eat until you're full" or "eat your fill"? -JNQ}}
+{{comment|Is this "eat until you're full" or "eat your fill"? -JNW}}
 . Japhug verbs can take dual (-ndʑi) and plural (-nɯ) indexation suffixes, that can take the place of second or third person dual/plural pronouns as the object of the verb. E.g., a clause can consist of an intransitive verb alone, with a dual prefix in place of its argument. However it doesn't always do this, it can simply be an agreement with the object(s).

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:13, 3 May 2023
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	: {{transferMorphTest\|jya\|eng\|tɤʑɣɤɕɯfka{{tag\|v}}{{tag\|iv}}{{tag\|imp}}{{tag\|ref}}{{tag\|caus}}\|Eat{{tag\|vblex}}{{tag\|inf}} to{{tag\|pr}} your{{tag\|det}}{{tag\|pos}}{{tag\|sp}} fill{{tag\|vblex}}{{tag\|inf}}}}		: {{transferMorphTest\|jya\|eng\|tɤʑɣɤɕɯfka{{tag\|v}}{{tag\|iv}}{{tag\|imp}}{{tag\|ref}}{{tag\|caus}}\|Eat{{tag\|vblex}}{{tag\|inf}} to{{tag\|pr}} your{{tag\|det}}{{tag\|pos}}{{tag\|sp}} fill{{tag\|vblex}}{{tag\|inf}}}}

		+	{{comment\|Is this "eat until you're full" or "eat your fill"? -JNQ}}

	5. Japhug verbs can take dual (-ndʑi) and plural (-nɯ) indexation suffixes, that can take the place of second or third person dual/plural pronouns as the object of the verb. E.g., a clause can consist of an intransitive verb alone, with a dual prefix in place of its argument. However it doesn't always do this, it can simply be an agreement with the object(s).		5. Japhug verbs can take dual (-ndʑi) and plural (-nɯ) indexation suffixes, that can take the place of second or third person dual/plural pronouns as the object of the verb. E.g., a clause can consist of an intransitive verb alone, with a dual prefix in place of its argument. However it doesn't always do this, it can simply be an agreement with the object(s).