Difference between revisions of "Wolof/Grammar"
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*singular determiners | *singular determiners | ||
| − | ** {{morphTest|nit ki{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|nit ki{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the person}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|tëgg bi{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|tëgg bi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the blacksmith}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|kër gi{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|kër gi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the house}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|jigéen ji{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|jigéen ji{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the woman}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|ngunu li{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|ngunu li{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the chicken coop}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|picc mi{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|picc mi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the bird}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|ndaw si{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|ndaw si{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the young woman}} |
| − | ** {{morphTest|waasintoor wi{{tag|n}}{{tag| | + | ** {{morphTest|waasintoor wi{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg det}}|the fish scale}} |
*plural determiners | *plural determiners | ||
** {{morphTest|nit ñi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl det}}|the people}} | ** {{morphTest|nit ñi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl det}}|the people}} | ||
** {{morphTest|kër yi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl det}}|the houses}} | ** {{morphTest|kër yi{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl det}}|the houses}} | ||
| − | |||
====Pronominal morphemes==== | ====Pronominal morphemes==== | ||
Revision as of 14:50, 16 February 2023
Contents
Grammar documentation - Wolof
- General overview of Wolof grammar[1]
- Long academic grammatical description[2]
- Noun classification resource[3]
- Notable characteristics of Wolof Grammar[4]
Parts of Speech
Wolof is an SVO language
- Verbs are static and do not change for tense, aspect, or mood
- Nouns have 10 classes, 8 of which are singular classes and are marked by specific prefixes, and 2 are plural classes also marked by prefixes
- However, these prefixes are not morphologically marked on the noun itself, but on the dependent that agrees with the noun
- Therefore, plural and singular nouns cannot be distinguished unless they occur in a noun phrase
- However, these prefixes are not morphologically marked on the noun itself, but on the dependent that agrees with the noun
- Pronouns in Wolof are the most morphologically complex
- separated into five categories: personal, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, indefinite[5]
Noun classes
| Singular Classes | Plural Classes |
| k- | ñ- |
| b- | y- |
| g- | |
| j- | |
| l- | |
| m- | |
| s- | |
| w- |
The k- class and it's plural the ñ- class have rigid and exclusive membership. Nouns in this class are:
- k- class includes nit "person", and kef "thing"
- ñ- class includes nit "person", and (speaker dependent) jigeén "women", góor "men", gaa "people"
- other than these nouns, plural nouns are always in the y- class
examples
- noun class examples with determiners
- determiners will always have a prefix based on noun class and cannot exist without a class morpheme (ask about putting eng glossing after the arrows instead since the lemma cannot exist independently)
- singular determiners
- nit ki<n><sg det> ↔ the person
- tëgg bi<n><sg det> ↔ the blacksmith
- kër gi<n><sg det> ↔ the house
- jigéen ji<n><sg det> ↔ the woman
- ngunu li<n><sg det> ↔ the chicken coop
- picc mi<n><sg det> ↔ the bird
- ndaw si<n><sg det> ↔ the young woman
- waasintoor wi<n><sg det> ↔ the fish scale
- plural determiners
- nit ñi<n><pl det> ↔ the people
- kër yi<n><pl det> ↔ the houses
Pronominal morphemes
Posessives
- samay yax ak sama suux (wol_output.txt line 73) - samay = my (pl) ; sama = my (sing),
glosses
xeet-am, muy-toj sa-bopp
son.3pPOSS F.crush 2pPOSS.head
Her son will crush your head