Difference between revisions of "Mirandese/Grammar"
From LING073
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{|class="wikitable sortable" | {|class="wikitable sortable" | ||
| − | ! case name !! Subject !! Possessive !! | + | ! case name !! Subject !! Possessive !! Direct Object !! |
|- | |- | ||
! 1st person singular | ! 1st person singular | ||
| − | | {{morphTest|you{{tag|s_sg1}} || {{morphTest|you{{tag|px1sg}} || — || | + | | {{morphTest|you{{tag|s_sg1}} || {{morphTest|you{{tag|px1sg}} || — || |
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd person singular | ! 2nd person singular | ||
| − | | {{morphTest|tu{{tag|s_sg2}} || {{morphTest|tou{{tag|px2sg}} || ны, ни, ну, нү, ды, ди, ду, дү, ты, ти, ту, тү || | + | | {{morphTest|tu{{tag|s_sg2}} || {{morphTest|tou{{tag|px2sg}} || ны, ни, ну, нү, ды, ди, ду, дү, ты, ти, ту, тү || |
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd person singular | ! 3rd person singular | ||
| − | | {{morphTest|el/eilha{{tag|s_sg3}} || {{morphTest|sou{{tag|px3sg}} || нын, нин, нун, нүн, дын, дин, дун, дүн, тын, тин, тун, түн || | + | | {{morphTest|el/eilha{{tag|s_sg3}} || {{morphTest|sou{{tag|px3sg}} || нын, нин, нун, нүн, дын, дин, дун, дүн, тын, тин, тун, түн || |
|- | |- | ||
! 1st person plural | ! 1st person plural | ||
| − | | {{morphTest|nós{{tag|s_pl1}} || {{morphTest|nuosso{{tag|px1pl}} || га, го, ге, гө, ка, ко, ке, кө || | + | | {{morphTest|nós{{tag|s_pl1}} || {{morphTest|nuosso{{tag|px1pl}} || га, го, ге, гө, ка, ко, ке, кө || |
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd person plural | ! 2nd person plural | ||
| − | | {{morphTest|bós{{tag|s_pl2}} || {{morphTest|buosso{{tag|px2pl}} || да, до, де, дө, та, то, те, тө || | + | | {{morphTest|bós{{tag|s_pl2}} || {{morphTest|buosso{{tag|px2pl}} || да, до, де, дө, та, то, те, тө || |
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd person plural | ! 3rd person plural | ||
| − | | {{morphTest|eilhes/eilhas{{tag|s_pl3}} || {{morphTest|sou{{tag|px3pl}} || дан, дон, ден, дөн, тан, тон, тен, төн || | + | | {{morphTest|eilhes/eilhas{{tag|s_pl3}} || {{morphTest|sou{{tag|px3pl}} || дан, дон, ден, дөн, тан, тон, тен, төн || |
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Mirandese]][[Category:sp22_GrammarDocumentation]] | [[Category:Mirandese]][[Category:sp22_GrammarDocumentation]] | ||
Revision as of 16:06, 16 February 2023
Contents
Nouns
Grammatical Gender
There are only two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine.
- Most masculine nouns end in «o», «e» or a consonant.
- nino<n><m><sg> ↔ nino
- home<n><m><sg> ↔ home
- fator<n><m><sg> ↔ fator
- Most feminine nouns end in «a», «e».
- boda<n><f><sg> ↔ boda
- arble<n><f><sg> ↔ arble
Plurals
In Mirandese, plural morphology on nouns denote that there is more than one of something.
There are only two numbers in Mirandese, singular and plural.
- Nouns ending in a vowel take the suffix «s».
- nome<n><m><pl> ↔ nomes
- gato<n><m><pl> ↔ gatos
- Nouns ending in a consonant take the suffix «es».
- cumputador<n><m><pl> ↔ cumputadores
- papel<n><m><pl> ↔ papeles
- Nouns ending in a cedilla take the suffix «zes».
- beç<n><m><pl> ↔ bezes
- paíç<n><m><pl> ↔ paízes
Adjectives
Adjectives agree with nouns in number and grammatical gender.
- buono<adj><pl> ↔ buonos
- negro<adj><f> ↔ negra
- rápido<adj><f><pl> ↔ rápidas
Verbs
Simple Present Indicative
«falar» (speak) is an «ar» verb, with the stem «fal»-:
- falar<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ falo
- falar<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ falas
- falar<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ fala
- falar<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ falamos
- falar<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ falais
- falar<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ falan
«comer» (eat) is an «er» verb, with the stem «com»-:
- comer<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ como
- comer<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ comes
- comer<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ come
- comer<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ comemos
- comer<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ comeis
- comer<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ comen
«debedir» (divide) is an «ir» verb, with the stem «debed»-:
- debedir<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ debedo
- debedir<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ debedes
- debedir<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ debede
- debedir<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ debedimos
- debedir<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ debedis
- debedir<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ debeden
Simple Past Indicative
«falar» (speak) is an «ar» verb, with the stem «fal»-:
- falar<v><tv><past><p1><sg> ↔ falei
- falar<v><tv><past><p2><sg> ↔ faleste
- falar<v><tv><past><p3><sg> ↔ falou
- falar<v><tv><past><p1><pl> ↔ falemos
- falar<v><tv><past><p2><pl> ↔ falestes
- falar<v><tv><past><p3><pl> ↔ falórun
«comer» (eat) is an «er» verb, with the stem «com»-:
- comer<v><tv><past><p1><sg> ↔ comi
- comer<v><tv><past><p2><sg> ↔ comiste
- comer<v><tv><past><p3><sg> ↔ comiu
- comer<v><tv><past><p1><pl> ↔ comimos
- comer<v><tv><past><p2><pl> ↔ comistes
- comer<v><tv><past><p3><pl> ↔ comírun
«debedir» (divide) is an «ir» verb, with the stem «debed»-:
- debedir<v><tv><past><p1><sg> ↔ debedi
- debedir<v><tv><past><p2><sg> ↔ debediste
- debedir<v><tv><past><p3><sg> ↔ debediu
- debedir<v><tv><past><p1><pl> ↔ debedimos
- debedir<v><tv><past><p2><pl> ↔ debedistes
- debedir<v><tv><past><p3><pl> ↔ debedírun
Simple Future Indicative
«falar» (speak) is an «ar» verb, with the stem «fal»-:
- falar<v><tv><fut><p1><sg> ↔ falarei
- falar<v><tv><fut><p2><sg> ↔ falarás
- falar<v><tv><fut><p3><sg> ↔ falará
- falar<v><tv><fut><p1><pl> ↔ falaremos
- falar<v><tv><fut><p2><pl> ↔ falareis
- falar<v><tv><fut><p3><pl> ↔ falaran
«comer» (eat) is an «er» verb, with the stem «com»-:
- comer<v><tv><fut><p1><sg> ↔ comerei
- comer<v><tv><fut><p2><sg> ↔ comerás
- comer<v><tv><fut><p3><sg> ↔ comerá
- comer<v><tv><fut><p1><pl> ↔ comeremos
- comer<v><tv><fut><p2><pl> ↔ comereis
- comer<v><tv><fut><p3><pl> ↔ comeran
«debedir» (divide) is an «ir» verb, with the stem «debed»-:
- debedir<v><tv><fut><p1><sg> ↔ debedirei
- debedir<v><tv><fut><p2><sg> ↔ debedirás
- debedir<v><tv><fut><p3><sg> ↔ debedirá
- debedir<v><tv><fut><p1><pl> ↔ debediremos
- debedir<v><tv><fut><p2><pl> ↔ debedireis
- debedir<v><tv><fut><p3><pl> ↔ debediran
Simple Future Subjunctive
«falar» (speak) is an «ar» verb, with the stem «fal»-:
- falar<v><tv><fts><p1><sg> ↔ falar
- falar<v><tv><fts><p2><sg> ↔ falares
- falar<v><tv><fts><p3><sg> ↔ falar
- falar<v><tv><fts><p1><pl> ↔ falarmos
- falar<v><tv><fts><p2><pl> ↔ falardes
- falar<v><tv><fts><p3><pl> ↔ faláren
«comer» (eat) is an «er» verb, with the stem «com»-:
- comer<v><tv><fts><p1><sg> ↔ comir
- comer<v><tv><fts><p2><sg> ↔ comires
- comer<v><tv><fts><p3><sg> ↔ comir
- comer<v><tv><fts><p1><pl> ↔ comirmos
- comer<v><tv><fts><p2><pl> ↔ comirdes
- comer<v><tv><fts><p3><pl> ↔ comíren
«debedir» (divide) is an «ir» verb, with the stem «debed»-:
- debedir<v><tv><fts><p1><sg> ↔ debedir
- debedir<v><tv><fts><p2><sg> ↔ debedires
- debedir<v><tv><fts><p3><sg> ↔ debedir
- debedir<v><tv><fts><p1><pl> ↔ debedirmos
- debedir<v><tv><fts><p2><pl> ↔ debedirdes
- debedir<v><tv><fts><p3><pl> ↔ debedíren
Pronouns
| case name | Subject | Possessive | Direct Object | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | you<s_sg1> | you<px1sg> | — | |
| 2nd person singular | tu<s_sg2> | tou<px2sg> | ны, ни, ну, нү, ды, ди, ду, дү, ты, ти, ту, тү | |
| 3rd person singular | el/eilha<s_sg3> | sou<px3sg> | нын, нин, нун, нүн, дын, дин, дун, дүн, тын, тин, тун, түн | |
| 1st person plural | nós<s_pl1> | nuosso<px1pl> | га, го, ге, гө, ка, ко, ке, кө | |
| 2nd person plural | bós<s_pl2> | buosso<px2pl> | да, до, де, дө, та, то, те, тө | |
| 3rd person plural | eilhes/eilhas<s_pl3> | sou<px3pl> | дан, дон, ден, дөн, тан, тон, тен, төн |
