Difference between revisions of "Urum/Grammar"
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There is also consonant harmony in the I person plural. If the vowel is (и, ÿ), the last consonant of the tense suffix is к | There is also consonant harmony in the I person plural. If the vowel is (и, ÿ), the last consonant of the tense suffix is к | ||
If the vowel is (ы, у), the last consonant of the tense suffix is х | If the vowel is (ы, у), the last consonant of the tense suffix is х | ||
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| + | '''Grammatical Analysis''': | ||
* I person singular: verb-(_)й-Vм | * I person singular: verb-(_)й-Vм | ||
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* III person plural: verb-(_)й-лVр | * III person plural: verb-(_)й-лVр | ||
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| + | '''Morphological Analysis:''' | ||
* {{morphTest|сöле{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|сöлейим}} | * {{morphTest|сöле{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|сöлейим}} | ||
Revision as of 02:14, 17 February 2023
This is the page for the grammar documentation of Urum.
General information
Parts of speech: Nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, postpositions, conjunctions, particles, interjections, imitative words.
Cases: Nominative, genitive, dative-locative, accusative, locative, ablative, instrumental.
Structure of a noun: Lemma + plural + possessive + case.
Sentence order: Adverbial + SOV.
There exists no grammatical gender. There are no distinctions between animate and inanimate forms.
Grammar points
Plurality
Rule:
- лар after [а, о, у, ы] in lemma;
- лер after [и, э, ӧ, ӱ] in lemma;
Notes:
- if the lemma ends at a nasal sound, we will use -нар or -нер
- if the lemma ends at -ь, -ь is removed
Morphological Analysis:
- пычах<n><pl> ↔ пычахлар
- хыз<n><pl> ↔ хызлар
- хурйух<n><pl> ↔ хурйухлар
- от<n><pl> ↔ отлар
- эль<n><pl> ↔ эллер
- тиш<n><pl> ↔ тишлер
- кöз<n><pl> ↔ кöзлер
- гÿль<n><pl> ↔ гÿллер
Verbs Present Tense
(NOTE: REVISIT THIS)
If there is a high vowel followed by a consonant at the end of the stem, then high vowel deletes if the suffix begins at the vowel (отур-отруйум)
If there is a low vowel, it does not drop
There is vowel harmony (V = verb)
There is also consonant harmony in the I person plural. If the vowel is (и, ÿ), the last consonant of the tense suffix is к If the vowel is (ы, у), the last consonant of the tense suffix is х
Grammatical Analysis:
- I person singular: verb-(_)й-Vм
- I person plural: verb-(_)й-Vик
- II person singular: verb-(_)й-сVн
- II person plural: verb-(_)й-сVнVз
- III person singular: verb-Vй
- III person plural: verb-(_)й-лVр
Morphological Analysis:
- сöле<v><iv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ сöлейим
- отур<v><iv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ отруйум
- алы<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ алыйсын
- кöрӱ<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ кöрӱйcӱн
- сöле<v><iv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ сöлей
- отур<v><iv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ алыйых
- сöле<v><iv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ сöлейик
- алы<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ алыйсын
- отур<v><iv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ отруйсунуз
- кöрӱ<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ кöрӱйcӱнӱз
- алы<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ алыйлар
- сöле<v><iv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ сöлейлер
References
- Урумский язык, Урум дили (приазовский вариант), Учебное пособие для начинающих с аудиоприложением, Смолина М., 2008. (The Urum language (Azov region version), Tutorial for beginners with audio tapes, Smolina M., 2008)
- "Языки мира. Тюркские языки." Российская академия наук, институт языкознания. Издательский дом, Кыргызстан, Бишкек. ("Languages of the world. Turkic languages." Russian Academy of Sciences. Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek)
