Difference between revisions of "User:Scasada1/Final Project"

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== Previous Work ==
 
== Previous Work ==
  
−
[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Nuosu/Transducer Nuosu Transducer]
+
[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Urum Urum Transducer]
  
−
[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Nuosu_and_Mandarin/Structural_transfer Nuosu-Mandarin Machine Translation]
+
[https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Urum_and_English Urum-English Machine Translation]
  
 
== Additions ==
 
== Additions ==
Line 18: Line 18:
 
=== Urum Transducer ===
 
=== Urum Transducer ===
 
* We added 100+ stems to the .lexd file, covering common nouns, verbs, adjectives, proper nouns, etc. as they occurred in terms of frequency in appearance within (Олександр ГАРКАВЕЦЬ УРУМИ НАДАЗОВ’Я)
 
* We added 100+ stems to the .lexd file, covering common nouns, verbs, adjectives, proper nouns, etc. as they occurred in terms of frequency in appearance within (Олександр ГАРКАВЕЦЬ УРУМИ НАДАЗОВ’Я)
−
* We added a large number of additional .lexd PATTERNS including: VFutureDefinite, VFutureIndefinite, VTransgressive, VPastParticiple, NumOrdinal, NumDiscrete, CaseIns, CaseAbe, and CaseTerm.
 
 
* Expanded our number of rules in .twol to cover the rest of Urum's vowel and consonant harmony: (Total Rules: 16 → 24)
 
* Expanded our number of rules in .twol to cover the rest of Urum's vowel and consonant harmony: (Total Rules: 16 → 24)
 +
* We added a large number of additional .lexd PATTERNS including:
 +
**''VFutureDefinite, VFutureIndefinite, VTransgressive, VPastParticiple, NumOrdinal, NumDiscrete, CaseIns, CaseAbe, & CaseTerm''
  
−
=== Nuosu-Mandarin Machine Translation ===
+
=== Urum-English Machine Translation ===
−
* Added one structural transfer rule to deal with sentence level particles in Nuosu that are omitted in Mandarin.
+
* Added one structural transfer rule to with the formation of NPs in the case of proper nouns (prior not realizing correctly, omitting 'the' and instead having no output, ex: "king #Herod"
−
* Added one structural transfer rule to insert Mandarin particle 'de', which can function as predicate marker, possesive marker, adjectivizer, etc.
+
* Added 100+ new lexicon items to our bilingual dictionary, making the total ~250.
−
* Added ~80 new lexicon to our bilingual dictionary, making the total ~200.
 
  
 
=== Corpus Construction ===
 
=== Corpus Construction ===
Line 31: Line 31:
 
* Constructed large corpus with 100 sentences; the sentences in this corpus are randomly selected from the Bible and the Grammar book, and evaluating over this corpus shows the general accuracy of our machine translation system.
 
* Constructed large corpus with 100 sentences; the sentences in this corpus are randomly selected from the Bible and the Grammar book, and evaluating over this corpus shows the general accuracy of our machine translation system.
  
−
==== Selected Example Sentences from the Large Corpus ====
+
== Final Evaluation ==
−
* {{transferTest|iii|zho|ꋌꊋꋠꃅꀥ|他用力地跑}}
 
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|iii|zho|ꋌ{{tag|prn}} ꊋꋠ{{tag|adj}} ꃅ{{tag|advl}} ꀥ{{tag|vblex}}| 他{{tag|prn}} 用力地{{tag|adv}} 跑{{tag|vblex}}}}
 
  
−
* {{transferTest|iii|zho|ꉪꊇꀃꑍꏦꎫꁧ|我们今天去街上}}
+
=== Transducer Overview (uum) ===
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|iii|zho|ꉪꊇ{{tag|prn}} ꀃꑍ{{tag|n}} ꏦꎫ{{tag|n}} ꁧ{{tag|vblex}}| 我们{{tag|prn}} 今天{{tag|n}} 去{{tag|vblex}} 街上{{tag|n}}}}
+
*Coverage over the "Urums of North Azov: Collection of Narratives": 60.071%
 +
*Precision: 55.678%
 +
*Recall: 73.077%
 +
*Total Stems: 471
 +
**N-Roots: 121
 +
**V-Roots: 61
 +
**Adv/Adj-Roots: 22
  
−
* {{transferTest|iii|zho|ꉢꎧꀋꅝꀐ|我没有喝红酒}}
+
=== Transfer Overview (uum ‣ eng) ===
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|iii|zho|ꉢ{{tag|prn}} ꎧ{{tag|n}} ꀋ{{tag|neg}} ꅝ{{tag|vblex}} ꀐ{{tag|part}}| 我{{tag|prn}} 没有{{tag|neg}} 喝{{tag|vblex}} 红酒{{tag|n}}}}
+
*Urum Bible: "Nativity":
−
 
+
** WER: 81.29%
−
* {{transferTest|iii|zho|ꊾꆹꉬꇮꐯꀋꇊꌡ|所有人差不多地像}}
+
** PER: 57.19%
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|iii|zho|ꊾ{{tag|n}} ꆹ{{tag|part}} ꉬꇮ{{tag|adj}} ꐯ{{tag|RECL}} ꀋꇊ{{tag|adv}} ꌡ{{tag|vblex}}| 所有{{tag|adj}} 人{{tag|n}} 差不多地{{tag|adv}} 像{{tag|vblex}}}}
+
(The amount of error present here is likely due to the type of language used in the King James translation of the bible, as we used this as gold for the English translation. We believe that the word-error rate, and more specifically PER, would be far lower with a version of the bible in English which is more accurate to the original text).
−
 
+
* Bilingual Dictionary Entries: 260
−
* {{transferTest|iii|zho|ꉢꃀꌠꀐ|我是老人了}}
+
* Total LRX Rules: 8
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|iii|zho|ꉢ{{tag|prn}} ꃀꌠ{{tag|n}} ꀐ{{tag|part}} | 我{{tag|prn}} 现在{{tag|adv}} 是{{tag|pr}} 老人{{tag|n}}}}
 
−
 
 
−
== Final Evaluation ==
 
  
−
=== Transducer ===
+
=== RBMT Evalutation ===
−
*Coverage over the Bible: 78.5%
 
−
*Precision: 97.60%
 
−
*Recall: 86.46%
 
  
−
=== Machine Translation ===
+
{| class="wikitable"
−
*Small Corpora:
+
!'''Corpus'''
−
** WER: 37.9%
+
!'''Tokens'''
−
** PER: 17.8%
+
!'''Coverage'''
−
*Large Corpora:
+
!'''Accuracy'''
−
** WER: 107.5%
+
|-
−
** PER: 80.9%
+
|Urum Bible: "Nativity"
−
(We think ths difference in the WERs and PERs is due to the large number of unknown nouns and pronouns contained in the bible that are not added to our bilingual dictionary; also the reference text are polished translations selected from the bible but the test text are direct translations using our machine translation system that maps between lexicons)
+
|170
 +
|95.882% (163/170)
 +
|91.765%
 +
|-
 +
|"Urums of North Azov: Collection of Narratives"
 +
|18K
 +
|28.487% (53K/186K)
 +
|N/A
 +
|}
  
 
== Future Work ==
 
== Future Work ==
−
* Add more structural transfer rules to deal with compounding in Mandarin.
+
* We currently have a very rich analysis system, but we need to expand our current dictionary significantly (~1000+ words, ideally)
−
* Reduce twol rule conflicts in the transducer; improve on the implementation of the negation suffix 'ap'.
+
** In order to solve this, we have a publicly available spreadsheet dictionary for Urum, based off a Ukranian-Urum dictionary translated to English ([https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AowA3a4iWiNgHLxARw0QwWXgNq1_aegIrjV7eHxO9Xc/edit?usp=sharing which is available on Google Sheets]).
−
* Enhance translation accuracy in collaboration with native speakers.
+
* Refine our Apertium (uum ‣ eng) transfer pipeline; i.e, robust expansion of lexical selection and lexical transfer as issues begin to arise.
−
 
 
−
== Links to Public Git Repo and Poster  ==
 
−
 
 
−
*Morphological Analyser, generator, and disambiguator for Nuosu
 
−
**[https://github.com/AgnesWang000/Nuosu-Transducer Morphological Transducer]
 
−
 
 
−
*Machine Translation between Nuosu and Mandarin
 
−
**[https://github.com/AgnesWang000/Nuosu-Mandarin-RBMT Machine Translation System]
 
−
 
 
−
*Improved Mandarin Transducer
 
−
**[https://github.com/AgnesWang000/Apertium-zho Apertium-zho]
 
−
 
 
−
*Summary Poster of the Project
 
−
**[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qZwlHxp997AG8Z13Y9Ayn5tsmnHI6awxLl9L79toUyA/edit?usp=sharing Poster]
 
  
 
[[Category:Urum]] [[Category:Sp23_FinalProjects]]
 
[[Category:Urum]] [[Category:Sp23_FinalProjects]]

Latest revision as of 00:25, 11 May 2023

Final Project Description

For our final project, we decided to work on a two-part expansion of our RBMT-system for our language (Crimean Urum). This work will consist of many parts, but we will outline our base goals here:

  • Improve our morphological transducer for Crimean Urum, aiming for a corpus coverage above 80%.
  • *Improve our Crimean Urum machine translation accuracy.

We believe that our morphological transducer and machine translation system will be potentially helpful for living Urum language communities with tasks like generating novel sentences, and/or helping with an auto-correction system, MT, text processing, etc.

We have released information for our project publicly on GitHub (apertium-uum) and here you may separately view a digital copy of our final presentation poster as it exists on GitHub.

SP2023 Urum "Polished RBMT System for Crimean Urum" Poster

Previous Work

Urum Transducer

Urum-English Machine Translation

Additions

Urum Transducer

  • We added 100+ stems to the .lexd file, covering common nouns, verbs, adjectives, proper nouns, etc. as they occurred in terms of frequency in appearance within (Олександр ГАРКАВЕЦЬ УРУМИ НАДАЗОВ’Я)
  • Expanded our number of rules in .twol to cover the rest of Urum's vowel and consonant harmony: (Total Rules: 16 → 24)
  • We added a large number of additional .lexd PATTERNS including:
    • VFutureDefinite, VFutureIndefinite, VTransgressive, VPastParticiple, NumOrdinal, NumDiscrete, CaseIns, CaseAbe, & CaseTerm

Urum-English Machine Translation

  • Added one structural transfer rule to with the formation of NPs in the case of proper nouns (prior not realizing correctly, omitting 'the' and instead having no output, ex: "king #Herod"
  • Added 100+ new lexicon items to our bilingual dictionary, making the total ~250.

Corpus Construction

  • Constructed small corpus with 30 sentences; the lexicon in this corpus are mostly added to our transducer and the bilingual dictionary, which is useful for evaluateing how the effectiveness of the structural transfer rules when the lexicon are mostly known.
  • Constructed large corpus with 100 sentences; the sentences in this corpus are randomly selected from the Bible and the Grammar book, and evaluating over this corpus shows the general accuracy of our machine translation system.

Final Evaluation

Transducer Overview (uum)

  • Coverage over the "Urums of North Azov: Collection of Narratives": 60.071%
  • Precision: 55.678%
  • Recall: 73.077%
  • Total Stems: 471
    • N-Roots: 121
    • V-Roots: 61
    • Adv/Adj-Roots: 22

Transfer Overview (uum ‣ eng)

  • Urum Bible: "Nativity":
    • WER: 81.29%
    • PER: 57.19%

(The amount of error present here is likely due to the type of language used in the King James translation of the bible, as we used this as gold for the English translation. We believe that the word-error rate, and more specifically PER, would be far lower with a version of the bible in English which is more accurate to the original text).

  • Bilingual Dictionary Entries: 260
  • Total LRX Rules: 8

RBMT Evalutation

Corpus Tokens Coverage Accuracy
Urum Bible: "Nativity" 170 95.882% (163/170) 91.765%
"Urums of North Azov: Collection of Narratives" 18K 28.487% (53K/186K) N/A

Future Work

  • We currently have a very rich analysis system, but we need to expand our current dictionary significantly (~1000+ words, ideally)
    • In order to solve this, we have a publicly available spreadsheet dictionary for Urum, based off a Ukranian-Urum dictionary translated to English (which is available on Google Sheets).
  • Refine our Apertium (uum ‣ eng) transfer pipeline; i.e, robust expansion of lexical selection and lexical transfer as issues begin to arise.