Difference between revisions of "Walloon/Grammar"
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===Verb=== | ===Verb=== | ||
| − | + | Conjugated for tense, mood, person, number, etc. | |
| + | Examples: | ||
| + | * 1st person singular (present): {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}|tchant-e}} ("I sing") | ||
| + | * 2nd person singular (present): {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p2}}|tchant-es}} ("you sing") | ||
| + | * 3rd person plural (present): {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}|tchant-èt}} ("they sing") | ||
===Adverb=== | ===Adverb=== | ||
Revision as of 19:51, 21 February 2025
Contents
Part-of-speech Categories
| Symbol | Gloss | Notes | Universal POS |
|---|---|---|---|
n |
Noun | see 'np' for proper noun | NOUN |
vblex |
Standard ("lexical") verb | see also: vbser, vbhaver, vbmod, vaux, vbdo | VERB |
v |
Standard verb | shortened form of vblex, often used in agglutinative languages | VERB |
vbmod |
Modal verb | VERB | |
vbser |
Verb "to be" | from ser (to be) | VERB or AUX |
vbhaver |
Verb "to have" | from haver (to have) | VERB or AUX |
vbdo |
Verb "to do" | "to do" includes all eleven tenses and forms of to do, can also be an auxiliary verb | VERB or AUX |
vaux |
Auxiliary verb | wikipedia | AUX |
cop |
Copula | wikipedia; sometimes verb-like, sometimes not | AUX |
adj |
Adjective | ADJ | |
adv |
Adverb | ADV | |
preadv |
Pre-adverb | ADV | |
postadv |
Post-adverb | ADV | |
mod |
Modal word | [1] | PART |
det |
Determiner | wikipedia | DET |
prn |
Pronoun | wikipedia | PRON |
pr |
Preposition | wikipedia | ADP |
post |
Postposition | ADP | |
num |
Numeral | NUM | |
np |
Proper noun | From nom propi wikipedia | PROPN |
ij |
Interjection | wikipedia | INTJ |
cnjcoo |
Co-ordinating conjunction | wikipedia | CCONJ |
cnjsub |
Sub-ordinating conjunction | SCONJ | |
cnjadv |
Conjunctive adverb | wikipedia | SCONJ, ADV |
atp |
Attachable prefix | In German, zusammen- | |
ideo |
Ideophone | ||
clt |
Clitic |
Parts of Speech
Noun
Sometimes mark gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural), either in article or certain suffixes.
Examples:
- Masculine (singular): tchvå<n><m><sg> ↔ tchvå ("horse")
- Masculine (plural): tchvå<n><m><pl> ↔ tchvås ("horses")
- Feminine (singular): båshele<n><f><sg> ↔ båshele
Pronoun
Personal pronouns vary by person, number, gender, and function syntactically (subject, reflexive, object, etc.)
Examples:
- 1st person singular subject: dji<prn><p1><sg> ↔ dji ("I")
- 1st person plural subject: nos<prn><p1><pl> ↔ nos ("we")
- 3rd person singular subject: i<prn><p3><sg> ↔ i ("he/she/it")
Adjective
Show gender and number through -e, -s, with certain extra patterns for endings (-î/-ire, -s/-sse, etc.) Examples:
- Masculine singular: grand<adj><m><sg> ↔ grand ("tall, big")
- Feminine singular: grand<adj><f><sg> ↔ grande ("tall, big")
- Feminine plural: grand<adj><f><pl> ↔ grandès ("tall, big")
Determinant
Many articles and determiners (definite, indefinite, partitive, etc.) Examples:
- Indefinite article (masculine singular): on<det><ind><m> ↔ on ("a")
- Indefinite article (feminine singular): ene<det><ind><f> ↔ ene ("a")
- Definite article (plural): les<det><def><pl> ↔ les ("the")
Verb
Conjugated for tense, mood, person, number, etc. Examples:
- 1st person singular (present): tchanter<v><pres><p1> ↔ tchant-e ("I sing")
- 2nd person singular (present): tchanter<v><pres><p2> ↔ tchant-es ("you sing")
- 3rd person plural (present): tchanter<v><pres><p3> ↔ tchant-èt ("they sing")
Adverb
Time Adverbs: a l' åbitude, ådjoûrdu, dierinn'mint Place Adverbs (change meaning, like Germanic separable particles): å d' foû, avårci, droci Quantity, Intensity Adverbs: carapmint, hute di, etîrmint Exclamatory, Interrogative Adverbs: k' il est bea!, come vos tchantez bén!
Preposition
a deus eures, å raploû, a l' awousse, a pårti d' oûy, å dbout d' troes djoûs, å coron d' troes djoûs, a m' toûr
Conjunction
Coordinating: ...
Subordinating: ...
