Difference between revisions of "Munsee and English/Contrastive Grammar"
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== umu-eng tests == | == umu-eng tests == | ||
| + | |||
=== Locative === | === Locative === | ||
| Line 7: | Line 8: | ||
*"in the" | *"in the" | ||
*"on the" | *"on the" | ||
| + | They also have contracted forms: | ||
| + | *ay + ung = eeng | ||
| + | *uy + ung = iing | ||
| + | *uw + ung = oong | ||
| + | |||
| + | This is different from English, which uses separate prepositional words (e.g. "at" "in" "on"). | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|amoxoolung|in the boat}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|amoxool{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|in{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} boat{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpahoonung|through the door}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpahoon{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|through{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} door{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaasung|to God}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|Pahtamawaas{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|loc}}|to{{tag|pr}} God{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Possession === | ||
| + | Munsee marks possession on nouns, whereas English uses a separate possessive determiner. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''NOTE: PAMBIIL TWOL NO LONGER WORKING'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|mbambíilum|my book}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|pámbiil{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} book{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|kóohum|your grandmother}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px2sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|míhtkwumal|his tree}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míhtukw{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px3sg}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} tree{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Verb Subjects === | ||
| + | Munsee marks the subject of a verb, whereas English uses a separate subject pronoun. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|kawíiw|he sleeps}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kawíi{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} sleep{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|uw|he said}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|uw{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} say{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|akihkakulooneewak|they lie}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kulooneew{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3pl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} lie{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}} | ||
| + | ''** NOT SURE WHY LIE DOES NOT ANALYZE THIS WAY IN APERTIUM-ENG | ||
| + | ** ALSO, NOT SURE IF STEM SHOULD INCLUDE W AT THE END OR NOT'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Verb Objects === | ||
| + | Munsee marks the object of a verb, whereas English uses a separate object pronoun. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|kŭnéewaaw|you see him}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|néem{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_2sg}}{{tag|o_3sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|kpáham|he shut it}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|kpáham{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|s_3sg}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|s}} shut{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|miichiinéewa|they ate it}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|míichii{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|s_3pl}}{{tag|o_sg}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|obj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Absence Suffix === | ||
| + | The suffix -aya marks a noun as "recently deceased." They may only be used on person names and kinship words. Meanwhile, the word "late" in English (as in "my late grandfather") is categorized as an adjective. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|nŭmoxoomsáya|my late grandfather}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|moxóomus{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandfather{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | * {{transferTest|umu|eng|noohŭmáya|my late grandmother}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|umu|eng|óohŭm{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|px1sg}}{{tag|abs}}|prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} late{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sint}} grandmother{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Unfinished Business == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Yes/No Questions === | ||
| + | ha => need "do" support | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Obviative === | ||
| + | NOT A PROBLEM IN TRANSLATION IN THIS DIRECTION | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Verb Animacy === | ||
| + | NOT IN THIS TRANSLATION DIRECTION | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Inclusive vs Exclusive "We" === | ||
| + | NOT REALLY A PROBLEM IN THIS DIRECTION | ||
| + | |||
| + | Munsee differentiates between the inclusive (us and you) and exclusive (just us) first-person plural, whereas English does not. This applies to verbs, as well as the possession of nouns. | ||
| + | |||
[[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]] | [[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]] | ||
[[Category:Munsee]] | [[Category:Munsee]] | ||
[[Category:English]] | [[Category:English]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:52, 13 April 2025
Contents
umu-eng tests
Locative
Munsee uses a special locative suffix (-ung), which turns a noun into a location and adding meanings such as:
- "to the"
- "at the"
- "in the"
- "on the"
They also have contracted forms:
- ay + ung = eeng
- uy + ung = iing
- uw + ung = oong
This is different from English, which uses separate prepositional words (e.g. "at" "in" "on").
- (umu) amoxoolung → (eng) in the boat
- (umu) amoxool<n><aa><sg><loc> → (eng) in<pr> the<det><def><sp> boat<n><sg>
- (umu) kpahoonung → (eng) through the door
- (umu) kpahoon<n><nn><sg><loc> → (eng) through<pr> the<det><def><sp> door<n><sg>
- (umu) Pahtamawaasung → (eng) to God
- (umu) Pahtamawaas<n><aa><sg><loc> → (eng) to<pr> God<np><al><sg>
Possession
Munsee marks possession on nouns, whereas English uses a separate possessive determiner.
NOTE: PAMBIIL TWOL NO LONGER WORKING
- (umu) mbambíilum → (eng) my book
- (umu) pámbiil<n><aa><px2sg> → (eng) prpers<det><pos><p1><mf><sp> book<n><sg>
- (umu) kóohum → (eng) your grandmother
- (umu) óohŭm<n><aa><px2sg> → (eng) prpers<det><pos><p2><mf><sg> tree<n><sg>
- (umu) míhtkwumal → (eng) his tree
- (umu) míhtukw<n><aa><px3sg> → (eng) prpers<det><pos><p3><m><sg> tree<n><sg>
Verb Subjects
Munsee marks the subject of a verb, whereas English uses a separate subject pronoun.
- (umu) kawíiw → (eng) he sleeps
- (umu) kawíi<v><iv><aa><s_3sg> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p3><m><sg> sleep<vblex><pres>
- (umu) uw → (eng) he said
- (umu) uw<v><iv><aa><s_3sg> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p3><m><sg> say<vblex><past>
- (umu) akihkakulooneewak → (eng) they lie
- (umu) kulooneew<v><iv><aa><s_3pl> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p3><mf><pl> lie<vblex><pres>
** NOT SURE WHY LIE DOES NOT ANALYZE THIS WAY IN APERTIUM-ENG
- ALSO, NOT SURE IF STEM SHOULD INCLUDE W AT THE END OR NOT
Verb Objects
Munsee marks the object of a verb, whereas English uses a separate object pronoun.
- (umu) kŭnéewaaw → (eng) you see him
- (umu) néem<v><tv><aa><s_2sg><o_3sg> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p2><mf><sp> see<vblex><pres> prpers<prn><obj><p3><m><sg>
- (umu) kpáham → (eng) he shut it
- (umu) kpáham<v><tv><aa><s_3sg><o_sg> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p3><m><s> shut<vblex><pres> prpers<prn><obj><p3><nt><sg>
- (umu) miichiinéewa → (eng) they ate it
- (umu) míichii<v><tv><nn><s_3pl><o_sg> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p3><mf><pl> eat<vblex><past> prpers<prn><obj><p3><nt><sg>
Absence Suffix
The suffix -aya marks a noun as "recently deceased." They may only be used on person names and kinship words. Meanwhile, the word "late" in English (as in "my late grandfather") is categorized as an adjective.
- (umu) nŭmoxoomsáya → (eng) my late grandfather
- (umu) moxóomus<n><aa><px1sg><abs> → (eng) prpers<det><pos><p1><mf><sg> late<adj><sint> grandfather<n><sg>
- (umu) noohŭmáya → (eng) my late grandmother
- (umu) óohŭm<n><aa><px1sg><abs> → (eng) prpers<det><pos><p1><mf><sg> late<adj><sint> grandmother<n><sg>
Unfinished Business
Yes/No Questions
ha => need "do" support
Obviative
NOT A PROBLEM IN TRANSLATION IN THIS DIRECTION
Verb Animacy
NOT IN THIS TRANSLATION DIRECTION
Inclusive vs Exclusive "We"
NOT REALLY A PROBLEM IN THIS DIRECTION
Munsee differentiates between the inclusive (us and you) and exclusive (just us) first-person plural, whereas English does not. This applies to verbs, as well as the possession of nouns.
