Difference between revisions of "Uyghur and English/Contrastive Grammar"
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==Nouns== | ==Nouns== | ||
| − | Uyghur has 10 different cases for each specific noun. Our Uyghur transducer does not use the <code><sg></code> tag. Uyghur nouns generally also don't have determiners. | + | Uyghur has 10 different cases for each specific noun. Our Uyghur transducer does not use the <code><sg></code> tag. Uyghur nouns generally also don't have determiners. |
| + | |||
| + | '''Plurals''': Plurals in Uyghur almost universally take the "lAr" ending. When a noun does not have an explicit determiner, like "bir" meaning "a/an", nor has the plural suffix, it most likely translates to "the NOUN" in English. | ||
'''Nominative Case''': This case has no suffix and is generally used when the noun is a subject. This is equivalent to the base noun in English with the appropriate determiner. | '''Nominative Case''': This case has no suffix and is generally used when the noun is a subject. This is equivalent to the base noun in English with the appropriate determiner. | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|چېلەك يىقىلدى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|چېلەك يىقىلدى|the bucket fell}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}} + يىقىل{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}+ fall{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}} + يىقىل{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}+ fall{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}} | ||
'''Genitive Case''': This case indicates possesion, the noun is possessing something. | '''Genitive Case''': This case indicates possesion, the noun is possessing something. | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|چېلەكنىڭ ئۈستى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|چېلەكنىڭ ئۈستى|the bucket's top}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}} + ئۈستى{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|gen}}+ top{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}} + ئۈستى{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|gen}}+ top{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
When the English noun cannot take the genitive case. We instead place it in the preposition "of". | When the English noun cannot take the genitive case. We instead place it in the preposition "of". | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|بۇنىڭ ئۈستى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|بۇنىڭ ئۈستى|the top of this}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|بۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|gen}} + ئۈستى{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ top{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} +of{{tag|pr}} +this{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|بۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|gen}} + ئۈستى{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ top{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} +of{{tag|pr}} +this{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
'''Dative Case''': This case indicates that the object is an indirect object that indicates the target, purpose, or price of an action. The preposition used depends on the verb in English, but is generally | '''Dative Case''': This case indicates that the object is an indirect object that indicates the target, purpose, or price of an action. The preposition used depends on the verb in English, but is generally | ||
"to." | "to." | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەككە يىقىلدى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەككە يىقىلدى|he fell to the bucket}} |
| − | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}}+ يىقىل{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ fall{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+ | + | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}}+ يىقىل{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ fall{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+to{{tag|pr}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} |
'''Accusative Case''': This case indicates that the object is an direct object. | '''Accusative Case''': This case indicates that the object is an direct object. | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەكنى ياراتتى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەكنى ياراتتى|he created the bucket}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}}+ يارات{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ create{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}}+ يارات{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ create{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
'''Locative Case''': This case indicates that the object is an indirect object that indicates the location (spatial or temporal) or instrument of an action. The preposition used in English depends of the context, but is generally "on", "in", "at", or "by." | '''Locative Case''': This case indicates that the object is an indirect object that indicates the location (spatial or temporal) or instrument of an action. The preposition used in English depends of the context, but is generally "on", "in", "at", or "by." | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەكتە تۇراتتى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەكتە تۇراتتى|he lived in the bucket}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}+ تۇرات{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ live{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+in{{tag|pr}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}+ تۇرات{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ live{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+in{{tag|pr}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
'''Ablative Case''': This case indicates that the object is the source or cause of some action. This is usually associated with the preposition "from." | '''Ablative Case''': This case indicates that the object is the source or cause of some action. This is usually associated with the preposition "from." | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەكتىن چىقتى| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|ئۇ چېلەكتىن چىقتى|he emerged from the bucket}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}+ چىق{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ emerge{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+from{{tag|pr}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|ئۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} + چېلەك{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}+ چىق{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|he {{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}+ emerge{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+from{{tag|pr}}+the{{tag|det}}{{tag|sg}}+ bucket{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | There are 4 more cases than the ones shown above, but they are much less common, and we have not encountered them in the corpora we have worked with. | ||
==Pronoun== | ==Pronoun== | ||
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In English, both of these cases are the opposite. | In English, both of these cases are the opposite. | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==Verbs== | ==Verbs== | ||
| − | The verbs are categorized according to the person. Since the Pronouns are already different between the two languages, this leads to many cases that leads to a difference in the tags for the verb in each tense. | + | The verbs are categorized according to the person. Since the Pronouns are already different between the two languages, this leads to many cases that leads to a difference in the tags for the verb in each tense. However, verbs do not distinguish singular/plural in the third-person, whereas some English verbs like "is/are/was/were" do. |
==Copulas== | ==Copulas== | ||
| Line 64: | Line 66: | ||
Examples: | Examples: | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|خۇدا يورۇقلۇقنىڭ ياخشى ئىكەنلىكىنى كۆردى|God saw the brightness was good}} |
| − | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|خۇدا{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|nom}} + يورۇقلۇق{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}}+ ياخشى{{tag|adj}}+ ئىكەن{{tag|cop}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}}+ كۆردى{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|God {{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}+ see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+ the{{tag|det}}+ brightness{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}+ be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}+ good{{tag|adj}}}} | + | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|خۇدا{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|nom}} + يورۇقلۇق{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}}+ ياخشى{{tag|adj}}+ ئىكەن{{tag|cop}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}}+ كۆردى{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|God {{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}+ see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+ the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}}+ brightness{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}+ be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}+ good{{tag|adj}}}} |
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng| | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|خۇدانىڭ ئەمرى بىلەن شۇنداق بولدى|through God's command it was so}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|خۇدا{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|gen}} + ئەمرى{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}+ بىلەن {{tag|post}}{{tag|nom}}+ شۇنداق{{tag|adv}}+ بول{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|Through{{tag|pr}}+ God{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|gen}}+ command{{tag|n}}+ it{{tag|n}}{{tag|p3}}+ be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}+ so{{tag|adv}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|خۇدا{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|gen}} + ئەمرى{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}+ بىلەن {{tag|post}}{{tag|nom}}+ شۇنداق{{tag|adv}}+ بول{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|Through{{tag|pr}}+ God{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|gen}}+ command{{tag|n}}+ it{{tag|n}}{{tag|p3}}+ be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}+ so{{tag|adv}}}} | ||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|خۇدا بۇلارنىڭ ياخشى ئىكەنلىكىنى كۆردى | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|خۇدا بۇلارنىڭ ياخشى ئىكەنلىكىنى كۆردى|God saw these were good}} |
*: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|خۇدا{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|nom}} + بۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|gen}}+ ياخشى{{tag|adj}}+ ئىكەن{{tag|cop}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}}+ كۆر{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|God {{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}+ see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+ these{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}}+ be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}+ good{{tag|adj}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|خۇدا{{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|nom}} + بۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|gen}}+ ياخشى{{tag|adj}}+ ئىكەن{{tag|cop}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}}+ كۆر{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|God {{tag|np}}{{tag|al}}{{tag|sg}}+ see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}+ these{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}}+ be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}+ good{{tag|adj}}}} | ||
| − | + | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|كېچە ۋە كۈندۈز ئۆتتى بۇ تۇنجى كۈن بولدى|the night and daytime passed this was the first day}} | |
| − | + | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|كېچە{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}+ ۋە {{tag|cnjcoo}}+ كۈندۈز{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}+ ئۆت{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}} + بۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|nom}}+ تۇنجى{{tag|adj}}+ كۈن{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}} + بول{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} +night{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} + and{{tag|cnjcoo}} + daytime {{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}+ pass{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} + this{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} + is{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} + the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}}+ first{{tag|adj}}+ day{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | |
| − | |||
| − | * {{transferTest|uig|eng|كېچە ۋە كۈندۈز ئۆتتى بۇ تۇنجى كۈن بولدى | ||
| − | *: {{transferMorphTest|uig|eng|كېچە{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}+ ۋە {{tag|cnjcoo}}+ كۈندۈز{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}+ ئۆت{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}} + بۇ{{tag|prn}}{{tag|dem}}{{tag|nom}}+ تۇنجى{{tag|adj}}+ كۈن{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}} + بول{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}| | ||
[[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]] | [[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:17, 11 May 2025
This wiki-page is created to document instances of grammar difference between some sentences in Uyghur and English.
Sentence Structure
General English sentences would follow S + V + obj, whereas in Uyghur, it would be S + obj + V.
Nouns
Uyghur has 10 different cases for each specific noun. Our Uyghur transducer does not use the <sg> tag. Uyghur nouns generally also don't have determiners.
Plurals: Plurals in Uyghur almost universally take the "lAr" ending. When a noun does not have an explicit determiner, like "bir" meaning "a/an", nor has the plural suffix, it most likely translates to "the NOUN" in English.
Nominative Case: This case has no suffix and is generally used when the noun is a subject. This is equivalent to the base noun in English with the appropriate determiner.
- (uig) چېلەك يىقىلدى → (eng) the bucket fell
- (uig) چېلەك<n><nom> + يىقىل<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) the <det><sg>+ bucket<n><sg>+ fall<vblex><past>
Genitive Case: This case indicates possesion, the noun is possessing something.
- (uig) چېلەكنىڭ ئۈستى → (eng) the bucket's top
- (uig) چېلەك<n><gen> + ئۈستى<n><nom> → (eng) the <det><sg>+ bucket<n><sg><gen>+ top<n><sg>
When the English noun cannot take the genitive case. We instead place it in the preposition "of".
- (uig) بۇنىڭ ئۈستى → (eng) the top of this
- (uig) بۇ<prn><dem><gen> + ئۈستى<n><nom> → (eng) the <det><sg>+ top<n><sg> +of<pr> +this<prn><dem><mf><sg>
Dative Case: This case indicates that the object is an indirect object that indicates the target, purpose, or price of an action. The preposition used depends on the verb in English, but is generally "to."
- (uig) ئۇ چېلەككە يىقىلدى → (eng) he fell to the bucket
- (uig) ئۇ<prn><pers><p3><sg><nom> + چېلەك<n><dat>+ يىقىل<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) he <prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+ fall<vblex><past>+to<pr>+the<det><sg>+ bucket<n><sg>
Accusative Case: This case indicates that the object is an direct object.
- (uig) ئۇ چېلەكنى ياراتتى → (eng) he created the bucket
- (uig) ئۇ<prn><pers><p3><sg><nom> + چېلەك<n><acc>+ يارات<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) he <prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+ create<vblex><past>+the<det><sg>+ bucket<n><sg>
Locative Case: This case indicates that the object is an indirect object that indicates the location (spatial or temporal) or instrument of an action. The preposition used in English depends of the context, but is generally "on", "in", "at", or "by."
- (uig) ئۇ چېلەكتە تۇراتتى → (eng) he lived in the bucket
- (uig) ئۇ<prn><pers><p3><sg><nom> + چېلەك<n><loc>+ تۇرات<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) he <prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+ live<vblex><past>+in<pr>+the<det><sg>+ bucket<n><sg>
Ablative Case: This case indicates that the object is the source or cause of some action. This is usually associated with the preposition "from."
- (uig) ئۇ چېلەكتىن چىقتى → (eng) he emerged from the bucket
- (uig) ئۇ<prn><pers><p3><sg><nom> + چېلەك<n><abl>+ چىق<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) he <prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+ emerge<vblex><past>+from<pr>+the<det><sg>+ bucket<n><sg>
There are 4 more cases than the ones shown above, but they are much less common, and we have not encountered them in the corpora we have worked with.
Pronoun
In Uyghur, notice that:
- Second-Person Pronouns are categorized based on the formality
- The Third-Person Pronoun are not categorized according to gender or number.
In English, both of these cases are the opposite.
Verbs
The verbs are categorized according to the person. Since the Pronouns are already different between the two languages, this leads to many cases that leads to a difference in the tags for the verb in each tense. However, verbs do not distinguish singular/plural in the third-person, whereas some English verbs like "is/are/was/were" do.
Copulas
The Copulas for Uyghur have different cases just as verbs do, whereas in English, no such cases exist for copulas.
The specific copula we encountered was 'iken' which is the 3rd-person sg/pl pres/past indirect judgment copula meaning something like "apparently is/was/are/were". This copula was used with the "-lIk" nominalizer that formed "ikenlik" which acts like a noun: "the quality of apparently being". This was then modified with an adjective like "yakshi ikenlik" to mean "the quality of apparently being good". This was then formed in the accusative case "-ni" to "yakshi ikenlikini" to act as a direct object to a verb like "kordi" which means "He saw the quality of apparently being good". The object that had this state of being was then formed in the genitive case, for example the light, "yoruqluqning", to mean "He saw the quality of apparently being good of the light". We believe this best translates to "He saw the light was good."
Examples
These examples should illustrates all the grammatical differences mentioned above.
Examples:
- (uig) خۇدا يورۇقلۇقنىڭ ياخشى ئىكەنلىكىنى كۆردى → (eng) God saw the brightness was good
- (uig) خۇدا<np><al><nom> + يورۇقلۇق<n><gen>+ ياخشى<adj>+ ئىكەن<cop><p3><n><acc>+ كۆردى<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) God <np><al><sg>+ see<vblex><past>+ the<det><def><sg>+ brightness<n><sg>+ be<vbser><past><p3><sg>+ good<adj>
- (uig) خۇدانىڭ ئەمرى بىلەن شۇنداق بولدى → (eng) through God's command it was so
- (uig) خۇدا<np><al><gen> + ئەمرى<n><nom>+ بىلەن <post><nom>+ شۇنداق<adv>+ بول<vbser><past><p3> → (eng) Through<pr>+ God<np><al><sg><gen>+ command<n>+ it<n><p3>+ be<vbser><past><p3><sg>+ so<adv>
- (uig) خۇدا بۇلارنىڭ ياخشى ئىكەنلىكىنى كۆردى → (eng) God saw these were good
- (uig) خۇدا<np><al><nom> + بۇ<prn><dem><pl><gen>+ ياخشى<adj>+ ئىكەن<cop><p3><n><acc>+ كۆر<vblex><past><p3> → (eng) God <np><al><sg>+ see<vblex><past>+ these<prn><dem><mf><pl>+ be<vbser><past><p3><pl>+ good<adj>
- (uig) كېچە ۋە كۈندۈز ئۆتتى بۇ تۇنجى كۈن بولدى → (eng) the night and daytime passed this was the first day
- (uig) كېچە<n><nom>+ ۋە <cnjcoo>+ كۈندۈز<n><nom>+ ئۆت<vblex><past><p3> + بۇ<prn><dem><nom>+ تۇنجى<adj>+ كۈن<n><nom> + بول<vbser><past><p3> → (eng) the<det><def><sg> +night<n><sg> + and<cnjcoo> + daytime <n><sg>+ pass<vblex><past> + this<prn><dem><mf><sg> + is<vbser><past><p3><sg> + the<det><def><sg>+ first<adj>+ day<n><sg>
