Difference between revisions of "Bikol/Grammar"
From LING073
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| − | == Verb Classes == | + | == Verbs == |
| − | === Intransitive Verbs === | + | |
| + | === Verb Classes === | ||
| + | Bikol verbs may be transitive or intransitive. | ||
| + | ==== Intransitive Verbs ==== | ||
Intransitive verbs take one affix, «-mag», which places the focus of attention in the sentence on the actor of the verb. | Intransitive verbs take one affix, «-mag», which places the focus of attention in the sentence on the actor of the verb. | ||
| − | * luwás< | + | * luwás<vblex><?> ↔ nagluwás |
| − | === Transitive Verbs === | + | ==== Transitive Verbs ==== |
Transitive verbs can also take the affix «-mag» to focus attention on the actor. | Transitive verbs can also take the affix «-mag» to focus attention on the actor. | ||
| − | * sublí'< | + | * sublí'<vblex><?> ↔ nagsublí' |
But, transitive verbs can take a second affix, either «-on», «i-», or «-an», to place the focus on the object, the receiver of the action. | But, transitive verbs can take a second affix, either «-on», «i-», or «-an», to place the focus on the object, the receiver of the action. | ||
| − | * «-on» is the largest class of bases. | + | * «-on» is the largest class of bases. <b>Note: When a suffix is added to a verb base, the stress of the word moves one syllable toward the end of the word. |
| − | ** sublí'< | + | ** sublí'<vblex><?> ↔ subli'ón |
* Verb bases in the «i-» class often show an action away from the speaker. This is the affix used on the transitive versions of intransitive verbs. | * Verb bases in the «i-» class often show an action away from the speaker. This is the affix used on the transitive versions of intransitive verbs. | ||
| − | ** hatód< | + | ** hatód<vblex><?> ↔ ihatód |
| − | ** luwás< | + | ** luwás<vblex><?> ↔ iluwás |
| − | * «-an» works much in the same way as «-on». Note | + | * «-an» works much in the same way as «-on». <b>Note: When a verb base ends in a vowel, an h is added to the base before the suffix.</b> |
| − | ** será< | + | ** será<vblex><?> ↔ serahán |
| + | |||
| + | === Verb Tenses === | ||
| + | Bikol has three tenses: past tense, progressive tense (used for both present and habitual action), and future tense. It also has what may be called a neutral form which serves both as the infinitive and command forms. | ||
| + | ==== Infinitive/ Command Tense ==== | ||
| + | ==== | ||
[[Category:Bikol]] [[Category: Grammar_documentation]] | [[Category:Bikol]] [[Category: Grammar_documentation]] | ||
Revision as of 17:02, 7 February 2017
Contents
Verbs
Verb Classes
Bikol verbs may be transitive or intransitive.
Intransitive Verbs
Intransitive verbs take one affix, «-mag», which places the focus of attention in the sentence on the actor of the verb.
- luwás<vblex><?> ↔ nagluwás
Transitive Verbs
Transitive verbs can also take the affix «-mag» to focus attention on the actor.
- sublí'<vblex><?> ↔ nagsublí'
But, transitive verbs can take a second affix, either «-on», «i-», or «-an», to place the focus on the object, the receiver of the action.
- «-on» is the largest class of bases. Note: When a suffix is added to a verb base, the stress of the word moves one syllable toward the end of the word.
- sublí'<vblex><?> ↔ subli'ón
- Verb bases in the «i-» class often show an action away from the speaker. This is the affix used on the transitive versions of intransitive verbs.
- hatód<vblex><?> ↔ ihatód
- luwás<vblex><?> ↔ iluwás
- «-an» works much in the same way as «-on». <b>Note: When a verb base ends in a vowel, an h is added to the base before the suffix.
- será<vblex><?> ↔ serahán
Verb Tenses
Bikol has three tenses: past tense, progressive tense (used for both present and habitual action), and future tense. It also has what may be called a neutral form which serves both as the infinitive and command forms.
