Difference between revisions of "Nuosu/Grammar"
From LING073
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=== Size prefixes === | === Size prefixes === | ||
| − | * The diminutive prefixes i | + | * The diminutive prefixes i generates the meaning of "small" |
| − | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}| | + | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|ix sho}} short |
| − | ** | + | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|ix du}} thin |
| − | ** ax | + | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|ix ly}} light |
| + | * The augmentative prefix a can be prefixed to generate pair of antonyms, meaning of "big" | ||
| + | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|a sho}} long | ||
| + | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|a du}} thick | ||
| + | ** {{morphTest|sho{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|ax ly}} heavy | ||
=== Nominalizer suffixes === | === Nominalizer suffixes === | ||
Revision as of 00:58, 12 February 2022
Contents
Part of Speech
- Open
- Noun
- lyp<n> ↔ lyp - seed
- Verb
- lyp<v> ↔ lyp - sow
- Adjective
- jjip<adj> ↔ jjip - full
- Noun
- Semi-closed
- Determiner
- Classifier
- ji<Cl> ↔ ji - bar,used to classify one-dimensional entities
- Classifier
- Adverb
- gexyimu<adv> ↔ gexyimu - stupid
- Conjunction
- Determiner
- Closed
- Pronoun
- nga<p1><sg> ↔ nga
- Particle
- da<pfv> ↔ da
- Pronoun
Morphological Analysis
Size prefixes
- The diminutive prefixes i generates the meaning of "small"
- sho<n><pl> ↔ ix sho short
- sho<n><pl> ↔ ix du thin
- sho<n><pl> ↔ ix ly light
- The augmentative prefix a can be prefixed to generate pair of antonyms, meaning of "big"
- sho<n><pl> ↔ a sho long
- sho<n><pl> ↔ a du thick
- sho<n><pl> ↔ ax ly heavy
Nominalizer suffixes
Three nominalizer suffixes can be attached to verbs to form nouns. Not all verbs can take three suffixes.
- -lu is attached to a verb to form the action of that verb
- mgu<v><nmlz> ↔ ngulu
- hxip<v><nmlz> ↔ hxiplu
- ndo<v><nmlz> ↔ ndolu
- -jjux is attached to a verb to mean the quality or extent of that verb
- mgu<v><nmlz> ↔ ngujjux
- ju<v><nmlz> ↔ jujjux
- bi<v><nmlz> ↔ bijjux
- -tie is attached to a verb to indicate the manner of that verb
- zhe<v><nmlz> ↔ zhetie
- gu<v><nmlz> ↔ gutie
- hlu<v><nmlz> ↔ hlutie
Adjectivizer suffixes
- -sa
- -we
Reduplicaiton
- Nouns are wholly reduplicated to mean some/a few of the noun, a classifier must follow this category of reduplication
- mudi<n><rdpl> ↔ mudimudi
- muhly<n><rdpl> ↔ muhlymuhly
- lurmat<n><rdpl> ↔ lurmatlurmat
- Pronouns may be reduplicated as emphatic pronouns.
- ngat<p1><sg><rdpl> ↔ ngatngat
- nop<p2><p1><rdpl> ↔ nopnox
- nit<p2><sg><rdpl> ↔ nitnit
- Verbs reduplicate in the form of V-jjy-V for intensification
- mgu<v><rdpl> ↔ mgujjymgu
- ndup<v><rdpl> ↔ ndupndup
- budex<v><rdpl> ↔ budexjjybudex
- Adjectives are reduplicated to form alternative question
- ssi<adj><rdpl> ↔ ssixssi
- zhut<adj><rdpl> ↔ zhutzhut
- ceqy<adj><rdpl> ↔ ceqyxqy
Color Ideophones
Gender/Age suffixes
- Three gender and one age suffixes attached to animal names: - bat (male), -bu (male), -mop (female) and -sse (young).
