Difference between revisions of "Nuosu/Grammar"

Revision as of 01:14, 12 February 2022

The diminutive preﬁxes i generates the meaning of "small"
- sho<adj><pl> ↔ ixsho - short
- du<adj><pl> ↔ ixdu - thin
- ly<adj><pl> ↔ ixly - light
The augmentative preﬁx a can be preﬁxed to generate pair of antonyms, meaning of "big"
- sho<adj><pl> ↔ asho - long
- adu<adj><pl> ↔ adu - thick
- ly<adj><pl> ↔ axly - heavy

Three nominalizer suffixes can be attached to verbs to form nouns. Not all verbs can take three suffixes.

-lu is attached to a verb to form the action of that verb
- mgu<v><nmlz> ↔ ngulu
- hxip<v><nmlz> ↔ hxiplu
- ndo<v><nmlz> ↔ ndolu
-jjux is attached to a verb to mean the quality or extent of that verb
- mgu<v><nmlz> ↔ ngujjux
- ju<v><nmlz> ↔ jujjux
- bi<v><nmlz> ↔ bijjux
-tie is attached to a verb to indicate the manner of that verb
- zhe<v><nmlz> ↔ zhetie
- gu<v><nmlz> ↔ gutie
- hlu<v><nmlz> ↔ hlutie

- sa encodes the easiness or pleasure of doing an activity.
- zze<v><nmlz> ↔ zzesa - easy to
- ndo<v><nmlz> ↔ ndosa
- yu<v><nmlz> ↔ yusa

- we expresses the opposite state of difficulty, though less productive than -sa
- zze<v><nmlz> ↔ zzewe
- ndo<v><nmlz> ↔ ndowe
- yu<v><nmlz> ↔ yuwe

Nouns are wholly reduplicated to mean some/a few of the noun, a classifier must follow this category of reduplication
- mudi<n><rdpl> ↔ mudimudi
- muhly<n><rdpl> ↔ muhlymuhly
- lurmat<n><rdpl> ↔ lurmatlurmat
Pronouns may be reduplicated as emphatic pronouns.
- ngat<p1><sg><rdpl> ↔ ngatngat
- nop<p2><p1><rdpl> ↔ nopnox
- nit<p2><sg><rdpl> ↔ nitnit
Verbs reduplicate in the form of V-jjy-V for intensification
- mgu<v><rdpl> ↔ mgujjymgu
- ndup<v><rdpl> ↔ ndupndup
- budex<v><rdpl> ↔ budexjjybudex
Adjectives are reduplicated to form alternative question
- ssi<adj><rdpl> ↔ ssixssi
- zhut<adj><rdpl> ↔ zhutzhut
- ceqy<adj><rdpl> ↔ ceqyxqy

Three gender and one age suffixes attached to animal names: - bat (male), -bu (male), -mop (female) and -sse (young).

@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 === Adjectivizer suffixes ===
-*-sa
+* - sa encodes the easiness or pleasure of doing an activity.
-*-we
+** {{morphTest|zze{{tag|v}}{{tag|nmlz}}|zzesa}} - easy to
+** {{morphTest|ndo{{tag|v}}{{tag|nmlz}}|ndosa}}
+** {{morphTest|yu{{tag|v}}{{tag|nmlz}}|yusa}}
+* - we expresses the opposite state of difficulty, though less productive than -sa
+** {{morphTest|zze{{tag|v}}{{tag|nmlz}}|zzewe}}
+** {{morphTest|ndo{{tag|v}}{{tag|nmlz}}|ndowe}}
+** {{morphTest|yu{{tag|v}}{{tag|nmlz}}|yuwe}}
 === Reduplicaiton ===