Difference between revisions of "Mirandese/Grammar"

Revision as of 15:24, 16 February 2023

Nouns

Grammatical Gender

There are only two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine.

• Most masculine nouns end in «o», «e» or a consonant.
  • nino<n><m> ↔ nino
  • home<n><m> ↔ home
  • fator<n><m> ↔ fator

• Most feminine nouns end in «a», «e».
  • boda<n><f> ↔ boda
  • arble<n><f> ↔ arble

Plurals

In Mirandese, plural morphology on nouns denote that there is more than one of something.

There are only two numbers in Mirandese, singular and plural.

• Nouns ending in a vowel take the suffix «s».
  • nome<n><m><pl> ↔ nomes
  • gato<n><m><pl> ↔ gatos

• Nouns ending in a consonant take the suffix «es».
  • cumputador<n><m><pl> ↔ cumputadores
  • papel<n><m><pl> ↔ papeles

• Nouns ending in a cedilla take the suffix «zes».
  • beç<n><m><pl> ↔ bezes
  • paíç<n><m><pl> ↔ paízes

Adjectives

Adjectives agree with nouns in number and grammatical gender.

• buono<adj><pl> ↔ buonos
• negro<adj><f> ↔ negra
• rápido<adj><f><pl> ↔ rápidas

Verbs

Simple Present Indicative

«falar» (speak) is an «ar» verb, with the stem «fal»-:

• falar<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ falo
• falar<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ falas
• falar<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ fala
• falar<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ falamos
• falar<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ falais
• falar<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ falan

«comer» (eat) is an «er» verb, with the stem «com»-:

• comer<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ como
• comer<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ comes
• comer<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ come
• comer<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ comemos
• comer<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ comeis
• comer<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ comen

«debedir» (divide) is an «ir» verb, with the stem «debed»-:

• comer<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> ↔ debedo
• comer<v><tv><pres><p2><sg> ↔ debedes
• comer<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> ↔ debede
• comer<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> ↔ debedimos
• comer<v><tv><pres><p2><pl> ↔ debedis
• comer<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> ↔ debeden