Difference between revisions of "Shan/Grammar"
From LING073
(→Question Particles) |
(→Question Particles) |
||
| Line 141: | Line 141: | ||
===Question Particles=== | ===Question Particles=== | ||
| − | * {{morphTest| ႁႃ်{{tag|qst}}| ႁႃ်}} -> yes/no/question | + | * {{morphTest| ႁႃ်{{tag|qst}}| ႁႃ်}} -> yes/no/question -> Followed at the end of a sentence |
| − | * {{morphTest| ၵေႃ်ႉလ{{tag|qst}}| ၵေႃ်ႉလ}} ->who/whom/which person | + | * {{morphTest| ၵေႃ်ႉလ{{tag|qst}}| ၵေႃ်ႉလ}} ->who/whom/which person -> interrogative sentence for a person as a subject starts with this |
| − | * {{morphTest| ၽ{{tag|qst}}| ၽ}} -> who/whom | + | * {{morphTest| ၽ{{tag|qst}}| ၽ}} -> who/whom |
| − | * {{morphTest| ၽူႈလႂ်{{tag|qst}}| ၽူႈလႂ်}} -> which person | + | * {{morphTest| ၽူႈလႂ်{{tag|qst}}| ၽူႈလႂ်}} -> which person -> The interrogative sentence for a person object must end by question particles |
| − | * {{morphTest| သင်၊ဢီသႈင်{{tag|qst}}| သင်၊ဢီသႈင်}} -> what | + | * {{morphTest| သင်၊ဢီသႈင်{{tag|qst}}| သင်၊ဢီသႈင်}} -> what -> |
| − | * {{morphTest| မိူဝ်လႂ်{{tag|qst}}| မိူဝ်လႂ်}} -> when | + | * {{morphTest| မိူဝ်လႂ်{{tag|qst}}| မိူဝ်လႂ်}} -> when -> start or end of interrogative sentences |
| − | * {{morphTest| ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႂ်{{tag|qst}}| ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႂ်}} -> when /which time | + | * {{morphTest| ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႂ်{{tag|qst}}| ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႂ်}} -> when /which time -> start or end of interrogative sentences |
* {{morphTest| တီႈလႂ်{{tag|qst}}| တီႈလႂ်}} -> which place | * {{morphTest| တီႈလႂ်{{tag|qst}}| တီႈလႂ်}} -> which place | ||
* {{morphTest| ဢၼ်လႂ်{{tag|qst}}| ဢၼ်လႂ်}} -> which | * {{morphTest| ဢၼ်လႂ်{{tag|qst}}| ဢၼ်လႂ်}} -> which | ||
| − | * {{morphTest| ၵႃ်ႈႁိုဝ်{{tag|qst}}| ၵႃ်ႈႁိုဝ်}} -> how much | + | * {{morphTest| ၵႃ်ႈႁိုဝ်{{tag|qst}}| ၵႃ်ႈႁိုဝ်}} -> how much -> interrogative sentences, must occur at the end |
* {{morphTest| ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ႁို{{tag|qst}}| ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ႁို}} -> how | * {{morphTest| ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ႁို{{tag|qst}}| ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ႁို}} -> how | ||
Revision as of 16:12, 16 February 2023
Contents
Parts of Speech
Adjectives
- ၵိၼ်ၵၼ်ၵိုင်ႇၵၼ်<adj> ↔ ၵိၼ်ၵၼ်ၵိုင်ႇၵၼ်
- ၵူၺ်ႇလဵၵ်း<adj> ↔ ၵူၺ်ႇလဵၵ်း
- ၵႅၼ်<adj> ↔ ၵႅၼ်
- ၶိုၵ်ႉၸႂ်ၵႅၼ်းၸႂ်<adj> ↔ ၶိုၵ်ႉၸႂ်ၵႅၼ်းၸႂ်
- ၵိုမ်ႉၸႂ်<adj> ↔ ၵိုမ်ႉၸႂ်
Adverbs
- ၶၢဝ်းလႂ်သေဢမ်ႇဝႃႈ<adv> ↔ ၶၢဝ်းလႂ်သေဢမ်ႇဝႃႈ
- ၵူၺ်းႉ<adv> ↔ ၵူၺ်း
- ၼႆယဝ်ႉ<adv> ↔ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ
- ၵၢမ်ႇဢမ်ႇလီသေလႄႈ<adv> ↔ ၵၢမ်ႇဢမ်ႇလီသေလႄႈ
- ၵမ်ႈဝႆးလႆႈ<adv> ↔ ၵမ်ႈဝႆးလႆႈ
Classifiers
- လႅမ်ႈ<clf> ↔ လႅမ်ႈ
- တူဝ်<clf> ↔ တူဝ်
- တူၼ်ႈ<clf> ↔ တူၼ်ႈ
- ပျႃး<clf> ↔ ပျႃး
- မီႇ<clf> ↔ မီႇ
Conjunctions
- တင်း<cnj> ↔ တင်း
- ထႃႈ<cnj> ↔ ထႃႈ
- ပဵၵ်ႉ<cnj> ↔ ပဵၵ်ႉ
- ပၢႆ<cnj> ↔ ပၢႆ
- ဝႃႈ<cnj> ↔ ဝႃႈ
Determiners
- ၼၼ်ႉ<det> ↔ ၼၼ်ႉ
- ၼႆႉ<det> ↔ ၼႆႉ
Interjections
- တီႈပိူၼ်ႈ<ij> ↔ တီႈပိူၼ်ႈ
- တူၵ်းတႃ<ij> ↔ တူၵ်းတႃ
- ပိူင်လႃ<ij> ↔ ပိူင်လႃ
- ပၵ်ႉပႂ်ႉ<ij> ↔ ပၵ်ႉပႂ်ႉ
- ယေႃႇ<ij> ↔ ယေႃႇ
Nouns
- ငဝ်းလၢႆး<n> ↔ ငဝ်းလၢႆး
- တင်ႇငူင်း<n> ↔ တင်ႇငူင်း
- ပူႉထူဝ်း<n> ↔ ပူႉထူဝ်း
- မေႃၵႂၢမ်း<n> ↔ မေႃၵႂၢမ်း
- လိၼ်<n> ↔ လိၼ်
Numerals
- ၼိုင်ႈ<num> ↔ ၼိုင်ႈ
- သွင်<num> ↔ သွင်
- သၢမ်<num> ↔ သၢမ်
- မိုၼ်ႇ<num> ↔ မိုၼ်ႇ
- သၢဝ်း<num> ↔ သၢဝ်း
Prepositions
- ၼႂ်း<pr> ↔ ၼႂ်း
- တီႈ<pr> ↔ တီႈ
- ၵွၼ်ႇ<pr> ↔ ၵွၼ်ႇ
- ၵႃႈၼိူဝ်<pr> ↔ ၵႃႈၼိူဝ်
- တင်း<pr> ↔ တင်း
Pronouns
- တူ<prn><p1><sg> ↔ တူ
- ၵဝ်<prn><p1><sg> ↔ ၵဝ်
- ၶႃႈ<prn><p1><sg> ↔ ၶႃႈ
- ၶႃႈႁဝ်း<prn><p1><sg> ↔ ၶႃႈႁဝ်း
- ႁႃး<prn><p1><du> ↔ ႁႃး
- ႁဝ်း<prn><p1><pl> ↔ ႁဝ်း
- ႁဝ်းၶႃႈ<prn><p1><pl> ↔ ႁဝ်းၶႃႈ
- မႂ်း<prn><p2><sg> ↔ မႂ်း
- ၸဝ်ႈ<prn><p2><sg> ↔ ၸဝ်ႈ
- သူ<prn><p2> ↔ သူ
- သူၸဝ်ႈ<prn><p2> ↔ သူၸဝ်ႈ
- ၶိူဝ်<prn><p2><du> ↔ ၶိူဝ်
- ၵူႈၵေႃႉ<prn><p3><sg> ↔ ၵူႈၵေႃႉ
- မၼ်း<prn><p3><sg> ↔ မၼ်း
- ၶဝ်<prn><p3> ↔ ၶဝ်
- ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ<prn><p3> ↔ ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ
- ၶႃ<prn><p3><du> ↔ ၶႃ
- ပိူၼ်ႈ<prn><p3><pl> ↔ ပိူၼ်ႈ
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Person | တူ (I/me) [infrequent, informal]
ၵဝ် (I/me) [informal] ၶႃႈ (I/me; slave) [formal] ၶႃႈႁဝ်း (I/me) [formal] |
ႁႃး (we/us) [informal] | ႁဝ်း (we/us)
ႁဝ်းၶႃႈ (we/our) [formal] |
| Second Person | မႂ်း (you) [informal]
ၸဝ်ႈ (you; master/lord) [formal] သူ (you) [formal] သူၸဝ်ႈ (you; master/lords) [formal] |
ၶိူဝ် (you) [informal] | သူ (you) [informal]
သူၸဝ်ႈ (you; master/lords) [informal] |
| Third Person | ၵူႈၵေႃႉ (everybody)
မၼ်း (he/she/it; him/her) [informal] ၶဝ် (her/she/it) [formal] ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ (he/she/it) [formal] |
ၶႃ (they/them) [informal] | ၶဝ် (they/them) [informal]
ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ (they/them) [informal] ပိူၼ်ႈ (they/them; others) |
Question Particles
- ႁႃ်<qst> ↔ ႁႃ် -> yes/no/question -> Followed at the end of a sentence
- ၵေႃ်ႉလ<qst> ↔ ၵေႃ်ႉလ ->who/whom/which person -> interrogative sentence for a person as a subject starts with this
- ၽ<qst> ↔ ၽ -> who/whom
- ၽူႈလႂ်<qst> ↔ ၽူႈလႂ် -> which person -> The interrogative sentence for a person object must end by question particles
- သင်၊ဢီသႈင်<qst> ↔ သင်၊ဢီသႈင် -> what ->
- မိူဝ်လႂ်<qst> ↔ မိူဝ်လႂ် -> when -> start or end of interrogative sentences
- ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႂ်<qst> ↔ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႂ် -> when /which time -> start or end of interrogative sentences
- တီႈလႂ်<qst> ↔ တီႈလႂ် -> which place
- ဢၼ်လႂ်<qst> ↔ ဢၼ်လႂ် -> which
- ၵႃ်ႈႁိုဝ်<qst> ↔ ၵႃ်ႈႁိုဝ် -> how much -> interrogative sentences, must occur at the end
- ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ႁို<qst> ↔ ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ႁို -> how
Verbs
- ၵမ်တူဝ်ၵမ်ၸႂ်<v> ↔ ၵမ်တူဝ်ၵမ်ၸႂ်
- မၢတ်ႈ<v> ↔ မၢတ်ႈ
- ၵၢၼ်ႉပိူၼ်ႈ<v> ↔ ၵၢၼ်ႉပိူၼ်ႈ
- လုၼ်ႇ<v> ↔ လုၼ်ႇ
- ၵႃႉယွႆႈၵႃႉယႅမ်း<v> ↔ ၵႃႉယွႆႈၵႃႉယႅမ်း
Auxiliary Verbs
- Auxiliaries that go before the verb
- လႆႈ<vaux> ↔ လႆႈ
- ၵၢၼ်<vaux> ↔ ၵၢၼ်
- ၶႆႈ<vaux> ↔ ၶႆႈ
- Auxiliaries that go after the verb
- တူၺ်း<vaux> ↔ တူၺ်း
- ၵၢၼ်<vaux> ↔ ၵွၼ်
- ပႅတ်ႈ<vaux> ↔ ပႅတ်ႈ
