Difference between revisions of "Sardinian and English/Contrastive Grammar"
From LING073
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*:{{transferMorphTest|srd|eng|Su{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}} chi{{tag|cnjsub}} àere{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}} furare{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} su{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} dinari{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} àere{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} a{{tag|pr}} èssere{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|inf}} punire{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} person{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} who{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} steal{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} money{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|inf}} punish{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} | *:{{transferMorphTest|srd|eng|Su{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}} chi{{tag|cnjsub}} àere{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}} furare{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} su{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} dinari{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} àere{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} a{{tag|pr}} èssere{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|inf}} punire{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} person{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}} who{tag|prn}}{{tag|rel}}{{tag|an}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}} steal{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} money{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} will{{tag|vbmod}}{{tag|pres}} be{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|inf}} punish{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} | ||
*Diff.4, Ex.2: | *Diff.4, Ex.2: | ||
| − | *:{{transferMorphTest|srd|eng| | + | *:{{transferMorphTest|srd|eng|unu{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} de{{tag|pr}} su{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}} berbeke{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|pl}} èssere{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} malàidu{{tag|adj}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}| |
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]],[[Category:Sardinian]],[[Category:English]] | [[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars]],[[Category:Sardinian]],[[Category:English]] | ||
Revision as of 01:16, 2 May 2023
Differences in parse and corresponding examples
- Difference #1: Sardinian requires a determiner before a noun in some instances for which English does not use a determiner before a noun.
- Example #1: (srd) Su sardu est una limba antica. → (eng) Sardinian is an ancient language.
- Example #2: (srd) Sa Frantza est unu paisu bellu. → (eng) France is a beautiful country.
- Difference #2: In this construction, adjectives in Sardinian come after the noun, whereas they come before the noun in English.
- Example #1: (srd) Su sardu est una limba antica. → (eng) Sardinian is an ancient language.
- Example #2: (srd) Sa Frantza est unu paìsu bellu. → (eng) France is a beautiful country.
- Difference #3: The posessive pronoun comes after the noun in Sardinian rather than before the noun as is the case in English.
- Example #1: (srd) Appo pèrditu duos de sos libros meos. → (eng) I have lost two of my books.
- Example #2: (srd) Lettu meu est. → (eng) It is my bed.
- Difference #4: "The" does not change form in English, but "su" in Sardinian must agree with the noun which it precedes in number and gender.
- Example #1: (srd) Sos ki an furatu su dinari at a èssere punitos. → (eng) The people who stole the money will be punished.
- Example #2: (srd) Una de sas berbekes est maláida. → (eng) One of the sheep is sick.
- Difference #5: For most uses/conjugations of verbs in Sardinian, the verb stands on its own without a personal pronoun, while in English personal pronouns always precede any conjugated verbs. In other words, the tags of "appo" (I have) determine a new word "I" which precedes "have" in the English translation.
- Example #1: (srd) Appo pèrditu duos de sos libros meos. → (eng) I have lost two of my books.
- Example #2: (srd) M'an natu ki su trenu devíat arrivare a sas nove. → (eng) They told me that the train was supposed to arrive at nine.
- Also, here, note that the Sardinian uses an auxiliary verb whereas the English does not! Another difference! (an natu = they told)
- Difference #6: Information carried by the gender tag in Sardinian nouns referring to people produces a new word in English.
- Example #1: (srd) Custa ricca at datu mili francos a su vetzu. → (eng) This rich woman gave a thousand francs to the old man.
- Example #2: (srd) Sesi unu scimpru. → (eng) You are a stupid man.
srd → eng morph tests
- Diff.1/2, Ex.1:
- (srd) Su<det><def><m><sg> sardu<n><m><sg> èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg> unu<det><ind><f><sg> limba<n><f><sg> anticu<adj><f><sg> → (eng) Sardinian<n><sg> be<vbser><pres><p3><sg> a<det><ind><sg> ancient<adj> language<n><sg>
- Diff.1/2, Ex.2:
- (srd) Su<det><def><m><sg> Frantza<np><top><f><sg> èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg> unu<det><ind><m><sg> paisu<n><m><sg> bellu<adj><m><sg> → (eng) France<np><top><sg> be<vbser><pres><p3><sg> a<det><ind><sg> beautiful<adj> country<n><sg>
- Diff.3, Ex.1:
- (srd) àere<vbhaver><pri><p1><sg> pèrdere<vblex><pp><m><sg> duos<num><mf><sp> de<pr> su<det><def><m><pl> libru<n><m><pl> meu<adj><pos><m><pl> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p1><mf><sg> have<vbhaver><pres> lose<vblex><pp> two<num><pl> of<pr> my<det><pos><sp> book<n><pl>
- Diff.3, Ex.2:
- (srd) lettu<n><m><sg> meu<adj><pos><m><sg> èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p3><nt><sg> be<vbser><pres><p3><sg> my<det><pos><sp> bed<n><sg>
- Diff.4, Ex.1:
- (srd) Su<det><def><m><pl> chi<cnjsub> àere<vbhaver><pri><p3><pl> furare<vblex><pp><m><sg> su<det><def><m><sg> dinari<n><m><sg> àere<vbhaver><pri><p3><sg> a<pr> èssere<vbser><inf> punire<vblex><pp><m><pl> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> person<n><pl> who{tag<rel><an><mf><sp> steal<vblex><past> the<det><def><sp> money<n><sg> will<vbmod><pres> be<vbser><inf> punish<vblex><pp>
- Diff.4, Ex.2:
- {{transferMorphTest|srd|eng|unu<det><ind><f><sg> de<pr> su<det><def><f><pl> berbeke<n><f><pl> èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg> malàidu<adj><f><sg>|,,
