Difference between revisions of "Khasi and Wôpanâak/ContrastiveGrammars"
From LING073
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* {{transferTest|kha|wam|thaw|ayum}} | * {{transferTest|kha|wam|thaw|ayum}} | ||
* {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|thaw{{tag|v}}|ayum{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | * {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|thaw{{tag|v}}|ayum{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|wam|kha|ayum|thaw}} | ||
| + | * {{transferMorphTest|wam|kha|ayum{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|thaw{{tag|v}}}} | ||
Wôpanâak does not have articles, while Khasi does | Wôpanâak does not have articles, while Khasi does | ||
* {{transferTest|kha|wam|ka bneng|keesuk}} | * {{transferTest|kha|wam|ka bneng|keesuk}} | ||
* {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} bneng{{tag|n}}|keesuk{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}}} | * {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} bneng{{tag|n}}|keesuk{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|wam|kha|keesuk|ka bneng}} | ||
| + | * {{transferMorphTest|wam|kha|keesuk{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}|ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} bneng{{tag|n}}}} | ||
Wôpanâak has morphology determining person and number for verbs, while Khasi does not | Wôpanâak has morphology determining person and number for verbs, while Khasi does not | ||
* {{transferTest|kha|wam|thaw|ayum}} | * {{transferTest|kha|wam|thaw|ayum}} | ||
* {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|thaw{{tag|v}}|ayum{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | * {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|thaw{{tag|v}}|ayum{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|wam|kha|ayum|thaw}} | ||
| + | * {{transferMorphTest|wam|kha|ayum{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|thaw{{tag|v}}}} | ||
Wôpanâak has morphology determining tense, while Khasi has a separate particle | Wôpanâak has morphology determining tense, while Khasi has a separate particle | ||
* {{transferTest|kha|wam|la long|mô}} | * {{transferTest|kha|wam|la long|mô}} | ||
* {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|la{{tag|pastPar}} long{{tag|v}}|mô{{tag|v}}{{tag|indef}}{{tag|past}}}} | * {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|la{{tag|pastPar}} long{{tag|v}}|mô{{tag|v}}{{tag|indef}}{{tag|past}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | * {{transferTest|wam|kha|mô|la long}} | ||
| + | * {{transferMorphTest|wam|kha|mô{{tag|v}}{{tag|indef}}{{tag|past}}|la{{tag|pastPar}} long{{tag|v}}}} | ||
Khasi is SVO, while word order in Wôpanâak is somewhat arbitrary (and somewhat VSO) | Khasi is SVO, while word order in Wôpanâak is somewhat arbitrary (and somewhat VSO) | ||
* {{transferTest|kha|wam|U Blei u la ong, to long ka jingshai, bad ka jingshai ka la long|nȣwau God wequaiach kah mô wequai}} | * {{transferTest|kha|wam|U Blei u la ong, to long ka jingshai, bad ka jingshai ka la long|nȣwau God wequaiach kah mô wequai}} | ||
* {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|U{{tag|art}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} Blei{{tag|n}} u{{tag|art}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} la{{tag|pastPar}} ong{{tag|v}} to{{tag|imp}}{{tag|v}} long{{tag|v}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} jingshai{{tag|n}} bad{{tag|coocnj}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} jingshai{{tag|n}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} la{{tag|pastPar}} long{{tag|v}}|nȣwau{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} God{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}} wequaiach{{tag|v}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|imp}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} kah{{tag|coocnj}} mô{{tag|v}}{{tag|indef}}{{tag|past}} wequai{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}}} | * {{transferMorphTest|kha|wam|U{{tag|art}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} Blei{{tag|n}} u{{tag|art}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} la{{tag|pastPar}} ong{{tag|v}} to{{tag|imp}}{{tag|v}} long{{tag|v}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} jingshai{{tag|n}} bad{{tag|coocnj}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} jingshai{{tag|n}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} la{{tag|pastPar}} long{{tag|v}}|nȣwau{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} God{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}} wequaiach{{tag|v}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|imp}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} kah{{tag|coocnj}} mô{{tag|v}}{{tag|indef}}{{tag|past}} wequai{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| − | == Further Kha-Wam == | + | *{{transferTest|wam|kha|nȣwau God wequaiach kah mô wequai|U Blei u la ong, to long ka jingshai, bad ka jingshai ka la long}} |
| + | *{{transferMorphTest|wam|kha|nȣwau{{tag|v}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} God{{tag|n}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|sg}} wequaiach{{tag|v}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|imp}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} kah{{tag|coocnj}} mô{{tag|v}}{{tag|indef}}{{tag|past}} wequai{{tag|n}}{{tag|nn}}{{tag|sg}}| U{{tag|art}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} Blei{{tag|n}} u{{tag|art}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} la{{tag|pastPar}} ong{{tag|v}} to{{tag|imp}}{{tag|v}} long{{tag|v}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} jingshai{{tag|n}} bad{{tag|coocnj}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} jingshai{{tag|n}} ka{{tag|art}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} la{{tag|pastPar}} long{{tag|v}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Further Kha-Wam test == | ||
{{transferTest|kha|wam|U Blei la thaw ia ka bneng bad ia ka khyndew|ayum God keesuk kah ahkee}} | {{transferTest|kha|wam|U Blei la thaw ia ka bneng bad ia ka khyndew|ayum God keesuk kah ahkee}} | ||
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*English gloss: God created heaven and earth | *English gloss: God created heaven and earth | ||
| − | == Further Wam-Kha | + | == Further Wam-Kha test == |
{{transferTest|wam|kha|ayum God keesuk kah ahkee|U Blei la thaw ia ka bneng bad ia ka khyndew}} | {{transferTest|wam|kha|ayum God keesuk kah ahkee|U Blei la thaw ia ka bneng bad ia ka khyndew}} | ||
Revision as of 16:24, 21 March 2017
Differences in Grammar (with tests)
Wôpanâak has an animate/inanimate distinction for verbs, while Khasi does not
- (kha) thaw → (wam) ayum
- (kha) thaw<v> → (wam) ayum<v><aa><tv><p3><sg>
- (wam) ayum → (kha) thaw
- (wam) ayum<v><aa><tv><p3><sg> → (kha) thaw<v>
Wôpanâak does not have articles, while Khasi does
- (kha) ka bneng → (wam) keesuk
- (kha) ka<art><f><sg> bneng<n> → (wam) keesuk<n><nn><sg>
- (wam) keesuk → (kha) ka bneng
- (wam) keesuk<n><nn><sg> → (kha) ka<art><f><sg> bneng<n>
Wôpanâak has morphology determining person and number for verbs, while Khasi does not
- (kha) thaw → (wam) ayum
- (kha) thaw<v> → (wam) ayum<v><aa><tv><p3><sg>
- (wam) ayum → (kha) thaw
- (wam) ayum<v><aa><tv><p3><sg> → (kha) thaw<v>
Wôpanâak has morphology determining tense, while Khasi has a separate particle
- (kha) la long → (wam) mô
- (kha) la<pastPar> long<v> → (wam) mô<v><indef><past>
- (wam) mô → (kha) la long
- (wam) mô<v><indef><past> → (kha) la<pastPar> long<v>
Khasi is SVO, while word order in Wôpanâak is somewhat arbitrary (and somewhat VSO)
- (kha) U Blei u la ong, to long ka jingshai, bad ka jingshai ka la long → (wam) nȣwau God wequaiach kah mô wequai
- (kha) U<art><m><sg> Blei<n> u<art><m><sg> la<pastPar> ong<v> to<imp><v> long<v> ka<art><f><sg> jingshai<n> bad<coocnj> ka<art><f><sg> jingshai<n> ka<art><f><sg> la<pastPar> long<v> → (wam) nȣwau<v><aa><iv><p3><sg> God<n><aa><sg> wequaiach<v><nn><imp><p3><sg> kah<coocnj> mô<v><indef><past> wequai<n><nn><sg>
- (wam) nȣwau God wequaiach kah mô wequai → (kha) U Blei u la ong, to long ka jingshai, bad ka jingshai ka la long
- (wam) nȣwau<v><aa><iv><p3><sg> God<n><aa><sg> wequaiach<v><nn><imp><p3><sg> kah<coocnj> mô<v><indef><past> wequai<n><nn><sg> → (kha) U<art><m><sg> Blei<n> u<art><m><sg> la<pastPar> ong<v> to<imp><v> long<v> ka<art><f><sg> jingshai<n> bad<coocnj> ka<art><f><sg> jingshai<n> ka<art><f><sg> la<pastPar> long<v>
Further Kha-Wam test
(kha) U Blei la thaw ia ka bneng bad ia ka khyndew → (wam) ayum God keesuk kah ahkee
(kha) U<art><m><sg> Blei<n> la<pastPar> thaw<v> ia<dirObj> ka<art><f><sg> bneng<n> bad<coocnj> ia<dirObj> ka<art><f><sg> khyndew<n> → (wam) ayum<v><aa><tv><p3><sg> God<n><aa><sg> keesuk<n><nn><sg> kah<coocnj> ahkee<n><n><sg>
- English gloss: God created heaven and earth
Further Wam-Kha test
(wam) ayum God keesuk kah ahkee → (kha) U Blei la thaw ia ka bneng bad ia ka khyndew
(wam) ayum<v><aa><tv><p3><sg> God<n><aa><sg> keesuk<n><nn><sg> kah<coocnj> ahkee<n><n><sg> → (kha) U<art><m><sg> Blei<n> la<pastPar> thaw<v> ia<dirObj> ka<art><f><sg> bneng<n> bad<coocnj> ia<dirObj> ka<art><f><sg> khyndew<n>
- English gloss: God created heaven and earth
