Difference between revisions of "Dzongkha/Grammar"
(→Noun (མིང་)) |
(→Noun (མིང་)) |
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==== Common Noun ==== | ==== Common Noun ==== | ||
| − | Common nouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <cl1>. | + | Common nouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <cl1>. Nothing remarkable, just the good'ol simple nouns. |
* ཁྱིམ{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl1}} ("house") | * ཁྱིམ{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl1}} ("house") | ||
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==== Gendered Noun ==== | ==== Gendered Noun ==== | ||
| − | Gendered nouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <cl2>, with <f> and <m> added to denote gender. The default neutral noun is male. | + | Gendered nouns in Dzongkha have different forms for male and female. These will use the tag <cl2>, with <f> and <m> added to denote gender. The default neutral noun is male. |
*{{morphTest|གཡག {{tag|n}}{{tag|cl2}}{{tag|f}}|འབྱི}} ("Yak") | *{{morphTest|གཡག {{tag|n}}{{tag|cl2}}{{tag|f}}|འབྱི}} ("Yak") | ||
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==== Honorific Noun ==== | ==== Honorific Noun ==== | ||
| − | Honorific nouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <cl3>. | + | Honorific nouns in Dzongkha are used when the original form is deemed unappropriate in terms of politeness in a certain conversation. These will use the tag <cl3>. |
| + | |||
| + | *{{morphTest|ལུས་ {{tag|n}}{{tag|cl3}}|སྐུ}} ("Body") | ||
| + | *{{morphTest|མགུ་ཏོ {{tag|n}}{{tag|cl3}}|དབུ}} ("Head") | ||
=== Verb (བྱ་ཚིག་) === | === Verb (བྱ་ཚིག་) === | ||
Revision as of 21:35, 5 March 2021
Contents
Parts of Speech
Noun (མིང་)
Nouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <n>.
Common Noun
Common nouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <cl1>. Nothing remarkable, just the good'ol simple nouns.
- ཁྱིམ<n><cl1> ("house")
- མེ་ཏོག<n><cl1> ("flower")
Gendered Noun
Gendered nouns in Dzongkha have different forms for male and female. These will use the tag <cl2>, with <f> and <m> added to denote gender. The default neutral noun is male.
- གཡག <n><cl2><f> ↔ འབྱི ("Yak")
- བ <n><cl2><f> ↔ གླང ("Ox")
Honorific Noun
Honorific nouns in Dzongkha are used when the original form is deemed unappropriate in terms of politeness in a certain conversation. These will use the tag <cl3>.
- ལུས་ <n><cl3> ↔ སྐུ ("Body")
- མགུ་ཏོ <n><cl3> ↔ དབུ ("Head")
Verb (བྱ་ཚིག་)
Standard, or "lexical" verbs in Dzongkha will use the tag <v>, which is shortened from <vblex>. The bare stem of any verb, by itself, is a steady state present tense, using the tag <stpr>. There exist two unique verb classes of interest, which are listed below.
Modal Verb
Modal verbs in Dzongkha will use the tag <vbmod>.
"To be" Verb
"To be" verbs in Dzongkha will use the tag <vbser>.
Auxiliary Verb
Auxiliary verbs in Dzongkha will use the tag <vaux>.
Adjective (ཁྱད་ཚིག་)
Adjectives in Dzongkha will use the tag <adj>.
Adverb
Adverbs in Dzongkha will use the tag <adv>.
Pronouns
Pronouns in Dzongkha will use the tag <prn>.
Postposition
Postpositions in Dzongkha will use the tag <post>.
Numeral
Numerals in Dzongkha will use the tag <num>.
Determiner
Determiners in Dzongkha will use the tag <det>.
