Difference between revisions of "Wolof/Grammar"
From LING073
(→singular determiners) |
|||
| Line 83: | Line 83: | ||
====Pronominal morphemes==== | ====Pronominal morphemes==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ======Personal Pronouns====== | ||
| + | |||
======Posessives====== | ======Posessives====== | ||
*samay yax ak sama suux (wol_output.txt line 73) - samay = my (pl) ; sama = my (sing) | *samay yax ak sama suux (wol_output.txt line 73) - samay = my (pl) ; sama = my (sing) | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | |||
| + | ======Demonstrative Pronouns====== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ======Interrogative Pronouns====== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ======Indefinite Pronouns====== | ||
=glosses= | =glosses= | ||
| Line 95: | Line 104: | ||
Her son will crush your head | Her son will crush your head | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:sp23_GrammarDocumentation]],[[Category:Wolof]] | ||
Revision as of 15:27, 16 February 2023
Contents
Grammar documentation - Wolof
- General overview of Wolof grammar[1]
- Long academic grammatical description[2]
- Noun classification resource[3]
- Notable characteristics of Wolof Grammar[4]
- Wolof Grammar Manual[5]
- "Content question words and noun class markers in Wolof: reconstructing a puzzle"[6]
Parts of Speech
Wolof is an SVO language
- Verbs are static and do not change for tense, aspect, or mood
- Nouns have 10 classes, 8 of which are singular classes and are marked by specific prefixes, and 2 are plural classes also marked by prefixes
- However, these prefixes are not morphologically marked on the noun itself, but on the dependent that agrees with the noun
- Therefore, plural and singular nouns cannot be distinguished unless they occur in a noun phrase
- However, these prefixes are not morphologically marked on the noun itself, but on the dependent that agrees with the noun
- Pronouns in Wolof are the most morphologically complex
- separated into five categories: personal, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, indefinite[7]
Noun classes
| Singular Classes | Plural Classes |
| k- | ñ- |
| b- | y- |
| g- | |
| j- | |
| l- | |
| m- | |
| s- | |
| w- |
The k- class and it's plural the ñ- class have rigid and exclusive membership. Nouns in this class are:
- k- class includes nit "person", and kef "thing"
- ñ- class includes nit "person", and (speaker dependent) jigeén "women", góor "men", gaa "people"
- other than these nouns, plural nouns are always in the y- class
- Although the classification system is far from simple, some categories include "liquids (m-class), trees (b-class), fruits (g-class), and family
members, especially those of maternal descent U-c1ass). Although the m-class contains certain liquids such as ndox 'water', meew 'milk', saw 'urine' and soow 'curdled milk', it also contains many words that are not liquids, and there are a great number of liquids that do not fall into that class, such as deret (j-class) 'blood', diwlin (j-class) 'vegetable oil', and kokaa (b-class) 'Coca-Cola'"[8]
examples
- noun class examples with determiners
- determiners will always have a prefix based on noun class and cannot exist without a class morpheme (ask about putting eng glossing after the arrows instead since the lemma cannot exist independently)
singular determiners
| nit<n><cl1> ↔ nit | i <det><cl1><sg> ↔ ki | The person |
| tëgg<n><cl2> ↔ tëgg | i <det><cl2><sg> ↔ bi | The blacksmith |
| kër<n><cl3> ↔ kër | i <det><cl3><sg> ↔ gi | The house |
| jigéen<n><cl4> ↔ jigéen | i <det><cl4><sg> ↔ ji | The woman |
| ngunu i<n><sg det> ↔ ngunu li | The chicken coop | |
| picc i<liquids n><sg det> ↔ picc mi | The bird | |
| ndaw i<diminutive n><sg det> ↔ ndaw si | The young woman | |
| waasintoor i<n><sg det> ↔ waasintoor wi | The fish scale |
plural determiners
| nit i<n><pl det> ↔ nit ñi | The people |
| kër i<n><pl det> ↔ kër yi | The houses |
Pronominal morphemes
Personal Pronouns
Posessives
- samay yax ak sama suux (wol_output.txt line 73) - samay = my (pl) ; sama = my (sing)
Demonstrative Pronouns
Interrogative Pronouns
Indefinite Pronouns
glosses
xeet-am, muy-toj sa-bopp
son.3pPOSS F.crush 2pPOSS.head
Her son will crush your head,- ↑ Languages Gulper Grammar
- ↑ Wolof: A Grammatical Sketch
- ↑ NOUN CLASSIFICATION IN WOLOF: WHEN AFFIXES ARE NOT RENEWED
- ↑ Peace Corps New Wolof Book
- ↑ Wolof Grammar Manual pdf
- ↑ Content question words and noun class markers in Wolof: reconstructing a puzzle
- ↑ Wolof Morphology
- ↑ NOUN CLASSIFICATION IN WOLOF: WHEN AFFIXES ARE NOT RENEWED
