Difference between revisions of "Urum/Morphology"
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| − | + | == Morphology == | |
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| + | === Vowel Harmony === | ||
| + | In Urum, vowels in suffixes - for example, in number or case suffixes - depend on what the last vowel of the stem of the word was. The last vowel of the word stem can be: | ||
| + | |||
| + | # '''high''' (а, о, у, ы) | ||
| + | # '''low''' (a, o, y, ы), | ||
| + | # '''rounded''' (o, y, ö, ÿ) | ||
| + | # '''unrounded''' (a, э, ы, и). | ||
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| + | There are '''two types of suffixes''' (check the '''last vowel''' that comes BEFORE): | ||
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| + | '''First''': if the last vowel is wide, the suffix will be “a” | ||
| + | if high, the suffix will be “э” | ||
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| + | # If low, the suffix will be “a” | ||
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| + | '''Second''': | ||
| + | # If '''low''' and '''unrounded''', “ы” | ||
| + | # If '''low''' and '''rounded''', “у” | ||
| + | # If '''high''' and '''unrounded''', “и” | ||
| + | # If '''high''' and '''rounded''', “ÿ” (after) | ||
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| + | === The Suffix of Plurality === | ||
| + | * лар/лер | ||
| + | If the base ENDS WITH A м/н CONSONANT, л CHANGES TO н | ||
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| + | === Cases (Nominative and Accusative) === | ||
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| + | CASES (NOMINATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE) | ||
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| + | Lemma + (plural suffix) + suffix of a case | ||
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| + | There is harmony of consonants: if a word ends at -x, -к, -п, | ||
| + | And if the suffix starts at a vowel, | ||
| + | Then х - ғ, к - г, п - б change | ||
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| + | '''Syntax''' | ||
Revision as of 01:55, 17 February 2023
Contents
Morphology
Vowel Harmony
In Urum, vowels in suffixes - for example, in number or case suffixes - depend on what the last vowel of the stem of the word was. The last vowel of the word stem can be:
- high (а, о, у, ы)
- low (a, o, y, ы),
- rounded (o, y, ö, ÿ)
- unrounded (a, э, ы, и).
There are two types of suffixes (check the last vowel that comes BEFORE):
First: if the last vowel is wide, the suffix will be “a” if high, the suffix will be “э”
- If low, the suffix will be “a”
Second:
- If low and unrounded, “ы”
- If low and rounded, “у”
- If high and unrounded, “и”
- If high and rounded, “ÿ” (after)
The Suffix of Plurality
- лар/лер
If the base ENDS WITH A м/н CONSONANT, л CHANGES TO н
Cases (Nominative and Accusative)
CASES (NOMINATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE)
Lemma + (plural suffix) + suffix of a case
There is harmony of consonants: if a word ends at -x, -к, -п, And if the suffix starts at a vowel, Then х - ғ, к - г, п - б change
Syntax
