Difference between revisions of "Western Abenaki and English/Contrastive Grammar"
(→Verb Animacy) |
|||
| Line 46: | Line 46: | ||
**The "I" will also be extracted | **The "I" will also be extracted | ||
| − | + | ===Locative=== | |
| + | The locative in <code>abe</code> denotes a location or being located at or with something, adding a "place" quality to a noun. In English, this is done through a seperate word like "at", "in," "on," etc. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
[[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars ]] | [[Category:Sp23_ContrastiveGrammars ]] | ||
Revision as of 18:22, 4 May 2023
Contents
Animacy
Nouns and verbs are tagged with animacy, and there are different verbs depending on whether the subject/object are animate or inanimate.
Verb Animacy
To output "someone" vs. "something" or "him" vs. "it" is a good grammar point. Adding the English word when it's not present in abe is another grammar point. Be sure to write these up with the correct template - JNW
Verb animacy differs depending on the animacy of the subject and/or object.
- (abe) beskaaka → (eng) put him aside
- (abe) beskaaka<vb><tv><pres><aa> → (eng) put<vb><tv><pres> him<prn><pers><aa><p3><sg><acc> aside<adv>
- (abe) beskato → (eng) put it aside
- (abe) beskato<vb><tv><pres><nn> → (eng) put<vb><tv><pres> it<prn><pers><nn><p3><sg><acc> aside<adv>
- (abe) namiha → (eng) see someone
- (abe) namiha<vb><tv><pres><aa> → (eng) see<vb><tv><pres> someone<prn><ind><aa><sg><acc>
- (abe) namito → (eng) see something
- (abe) namiha<vb><tv><pres><nn> → (eng) see<vb><tv><pres> something<prn><ind><nn><sg><acc>
Plural Agreement
Adjectives and verbs must agree with the relevant noun in plurality
Adjective Plurality
This would be important for translation into abe, but it isn't for translation into eng -JNW
- pear (elongated apple) → pears (elongated apples)
- kwanogazid<adj> aples<n><aa><sg>
- kwanogazijik<adj><pl> aplesak<n><aa><pl>
- flat light → flat lights (the northern lights)
- abagigen<adj> wassakw<n><aa><sg>
- abagigenol<adj><pl> wassakol<n><aa><pl>
Verb Plurality
this is a lot like English, no? -JNW
- pears are
- kwanogazijik<adj><pl> aplesak<n><aa><pl> aoak<vb><iv><aa><pl>
- candlelights are present
- wassanmôganihlak<n><aa><pl> aimek<vb><iv><aa><pl>
First Person Possessive, First Person Subject
In Western Abenaki, the first person possessive marker is a prefixed n’. In English, this is simply the word "my." Similarly, a first person subject is marked on a verb with the same prefixed n’. In English, this is the word "I."
- N’cape - my coffee
- ^cape<n><nn><px1sg>/coffee<n><px1sg>$
- the "my" will be extracted in the Structural Transfer lab
- n’wlômawaldamen - I believe
- ^n’wlômawaldamen<vb><tv><nn><s_sg1>/believe<vb>
- The "I" will also be extracted
Locative
The locative in abe denotes a location or being located at or with something, adding a "place" quality to a noun. In English, this is done through a seperate word like "at", "in," "on," etc.
