Difference between revisions of "Walloon/Grammar"
From LING073
| Line 41: | Line 41: | ||
== Adjective Gender Marks == | == Adjective Gender Marks == | ||
| − | Adjectives (often) have separate masculine | + | Adjectives (often) have separate masculine vs. feminine forms. The masculine typically ends in a consonant, with the feminine typically adding "-e" or other suffixes. |
| + | * {{morphTest|grand{{tag|adj}}{{tag|m}}|grand}} | ||
| + | * {{morphTest|grande{{tag|adj}}{{tag|f}}|grande}} | ||
* {{morphTest|gris{{tag|adj}}{{tag|m}}|gris}} | * {{morphTest|gris{{tag|adj}}{{tag|m}}|gris}} | ||
* {{morphTest|grijhe{{tag|adj}}{{tag|f}}|grijhe}} | * {{morphTest|grijhe{{tag|adj}}{{tag|f}}|grijhe}} | ||
| + | * {{morphTest|candjî{{tag|adj}}{{tag|f}}|candjeye}} | ||
| − | + | == Regular Present Tense (Verbs) == | |
| − | + | Regular present tense is (often) formed by changing the verb ending, depending on person/number. | |
| + | * 1st person singular: {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|dji tchante}} | ||
| + | * 2nd person singular: {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|ti tchantes}} | ||
| + | * 3rd person singular: {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|il tchante}} | ||
| + | * 1st person plural: {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|nos tchantans}} | ||
| + | * 2nd person plural: {{morphTest|tchanter{{tag|v}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}|vos tchantez}} | ||
[[Category: sp25_GrammarDocumentation]] [[Category:Grammar documentation]] [[Category: Walloon]] | [[Category: sp25_GrammarDocumentation]] [[Category:Grammar documentation]] [[Category: Walloon]] | ||
Revision as of 01:38, 22 February 2025
Contents
Parts of Speech
Noun
Sometimes mark gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural), either in article or certain suffixes.
Examples:
- Masculine (singular): tchvå<n><m><sg> ↔ tchvå ("horse")
- Masculine (plural): tchvå<n><m><pl> ↔ tchvås ("horses")
- Feminine (singular): båshele<n><f><sg> ↔ båshele
Pronoun
Personal pronouns vary by person, number, gender, and function syntactically (subject, reflexive, object, etc.)
Examples:
- 1st person singular subject: dji<prn><p1><sg> ↔ dji ("I")
- 1st person plural subject: nos<prn><p1><pl> ↔ nos ("we")
- 3rd person singular subject: i<prn><p3><sg> ↔ i ("he/she/it")
Adjective
Show gender and number through -e, -s, with certain extra patterns for endings (-î/-ire, -s/-sse, etc.) Examples:
- Masculine singular: grand<adj><m><sg> ↔ grand ("tall, big")
- Feminine singular: grand<adj><f><sg> ↔ grande ("tall, big")
- Feminine plural: grand<adj><f><pl> ↔ grandès ("tall, big")
Determinant
Many articles and determiners (definite, indefinite, partitive, etc.) Examples:
- Indefinite article (masculine singular): on<det><ind><m> ↔ on ("a")
- Indefinite article (feminine singular): ene<det><ind><f> ↔ ene ("a")
- Definite article (plural): les<det><def><pl> ↔ les ("the")
Verb
Conjugated for tense, mood, person, number, etc. Examples:
- 1st person singular (present): tchanter<v><pres><p1> ↔ tchant-e ("I sing")
- 2nd person singular (present): tchanter<v><pres><p2> ↔ tchant-es ("you sing")
- 3rd person plural (present): tchanter<v><pres><p3> ↔ tchant-èt ("they sing")
Adjective Gender Marks
Adjectives (often) have separate masculine vs. feminine forms. The masculine typically ends in a consonant, with the feminine typically adding "-e" or other suffixes.
- grand<adj><m> ↔ grand
- grande<adj><f> ↔ grande
- gris<adj><m> ↔ gris
- grijhe<adj><f> ↔ grijhe
- candjî<adj><f> ↔ candjeye
Regular Present Tense (Verbs)
Regular present tense is (often) formed by changing the verb ending, depending on person/number.
- 1st person singular: tchanter<v><pres><p1><sg> ↔ dji tchante
- 2nd person singular: tchanter<v><pres><p2><sg> ↔ ti tchantes
- 3rd person singular: tchanter<v><pres><p3><sg> ↔ il tchante
- 1st person plural: tchanter<v><pres><p1><pl> ↔ nos tchantans
- 2nd person plural: tchanter<v><pres><p2><pl> ↔ vos tchantez
