Difference between revisions of "Limbu and English/Contrastive Grammar"
From LING073
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* Limbu is an SOV language, whereas English is SVO. | * Limbu is an SOV language, whereas English is SVO. | ||
| + | * Pronouns are often left out as prefixes are added to the verbs. | ||
| + | * No definite articles (a, an, the). | ||
| + | ==lif-eng tests== | ||
| + | ===1=== | ||
| + | * {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ ᤆᤡᤃᤧᤔᤠᤛᤢᤶ॥|You've lost a little of the Limbu language.}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤐᤠᤴ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤆᤡ{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}} ᤔᤠ᤺ᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl2}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|o_sg}}{{tag|incl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}}+have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pres}} lose{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} a little{{tag|adj}} of{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} Limbu{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} language{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | * {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤌᤥ ᤆᤢᤔᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤏᤧᤜᤡ ᤗ᤺ᤳᤋᤢ॥|Our friend up above takes out two rupees.}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤌᤥ{{tag|pr}} ᤆᤢᤶ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ{{tag|erg}} ᤏᤧᤜᤡ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤗ᤺ᤵᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl1}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|incl}}|Our{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|sp}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} up{{tag|adv}} above{{tag|adv}} take# out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|sep}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} two{{tag|num}}{{tag|pl}} rupee{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | ||
| − | == | + | ===2=== |
| − | |||
* {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ ᤆᤡᤃᤧᤔᤠᤛᤢᤶ॥|You've lost a little of the Limbu language.}} | * {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ ᤆᤡᤃᤧᤔᤠᤛᤢᤶ॥|You've lost a little of the Limbu language.}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤐᤠᤴ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤆᤡ{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}} ᤔᤠ᤺ᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl2}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|o_sg}}{{tag|incl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}}+have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pres}} lose{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} a little{{tag|adj}} of{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} Limbu{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} language{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤐᤠᤴ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤆᤡ{{tag|adj}}{{tag|sg}} ᤔᤠ᤺ᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl2}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|o_sg}}{{tag|incl}}|prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sp}}+have{{tag|vbhaver}}{{tag|pres}} lose{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pp}} a little{{tag|adj}} of{{tag|pr}} the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} Limbu{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} language{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
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* {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤌᤥ ᤆᤢᤔᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤏᤧᤜᤡ ᤗ᤺ᤳᤋᤢ॥|Our friend up above takes out two rupees.}} | * {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤌᤥ ᤆᤢᤔᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤏᤧᤜᤡ ᤗ᤺ᤳᤋᤢ॥|Our friend up above takes out two rupees.}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤌᤥ{{tag|pr}} ᤆᤢᤶ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ{{tag|erg}} ᤏᤧᤜᤡ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤗ᤺ᤵᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl1}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|incl}}|Our{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|sp}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} up{{tag|adv}} above{{tag|adv}} take# out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|sep}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} two{{tag|num}}{{tag|pl}} rupee{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤌᤥ{{tag|pr}} ᤆᤢᤶ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ{{tag|erg}} ᤏᤧᤜᤡ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}} ᤗ᤺ᤵᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl1}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|incl}}|Our{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|sp}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} up{{tag|adv}} above{{tag|adv}} take# out{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|sep}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} two{{tag|num}}{{tag|pl}} rupee{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===3=== | ||
| + | * {{transferTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤶᤒᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤆᤥᤀᤠᤱ ᤆᤥᤃᤢᤀᤠᤱ॥|The Limbu eats, and he works.}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|lif|eng|ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤶᤒᤠ{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ{{tag|erg}} ᤆᤠᤔᤠ{{tag|v}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl3}}{{tag|os_sg}}{{tag|o_sg}}{{tag|incl}}+ᤀᤠᤱ{{tag|cj}} ᤆᤥ᤺ᤰᤔᤠ{{tag|vbdo}}{{tag|nonpast}}{{tag|s_pl3}}{{tag|o_3}}{{tag|o_sg}}{{tag|incl}}+ᤀᤠᤱ{{tag|cj}}|The{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} Limbu{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} and{{tag|cnjcoo}} prpers{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} work{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
[[Category:Limbu]][[Category:English]][[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]] | [[Category:Limbu]][[Category:English]][[Category:Sp25_ContrastiveGrammars]] | ||
Revision as of 16:29, 10 April 2025
Grammatical Differences
- Limbu is an SOV language, whereas English is SVO.
- Pronouns are often left out as prefixes are added to the verbs.
- No definite articles (a, an, the).
lif-eng tests
1
- (lif) ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ ᤆᤡᤃᤧᤔᤠᤛᤢᤶ॥ → (eng) You've lost a little of the Limbu language.
- (lif) ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ<n><sg><nom> ᤐᤠᤴ<n><sg><nom> ᤆᤡ<adj><sg> ᤔᤠ᤺ᤔᤠ<v><nonpast><s_pl2><o_3><o_sg><incl> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p2><mf><sp>+have<vbhaver><pres> lose<vblex><pp> a little<adj> of<pr> the<det><def><sp> Limbu<n><sg> language<n><sg>
- (lif) ᤌᤥ ᤆᤢᤔᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤏᤧᤜᤡ ᤗ᤺ᤳᤋᤢ॥ → (eng) Our friend up above takes out two rupees.
- (lif) ᤌᤥ<pr> ᤆᤢᤶ<n><sg><nom>+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ<erg> ᤏᤧᤜᤡ<n><sg><nom> ᤗ᤺ᤵᤔᤠ<v><nonpast><s_pl1><o_3><incl> → (eng) Our<det><pos><sp> friend<n><sg> up<adv> above<adv> take# out<vblex><sep><pres><p3><sg> two<num><pl> rupee<n><pl>
2
- (lif) ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ ᤆᤡᤃᤧᤔᤠᤛᤢᤶ॥ → (eng) You've lost a little of the Limbu language.
- (lif) ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ<n><sg><nom> ᤐᤠᤴ<n><sg><nom> ᤆᤡ<adj><sg> ᤔᤠ᤺ᤔᤠ<v><nonpast><s_pl2><o_3><o_sg><incl> → (eng) prpers<prn><subj><p2><mf><sp>+have<vbhaver><pres> lose<vblex><pp> a little<adj> of<pr> the<det><def><sp> Limbu<n><sg> language<n><sg>
- (lif) ᤌᤥ ᤆᤢᤔᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤏᤧᤜᤡ ᤗ᤺ᤳᤋᤢ॥ → (eng) Our friend up above takes out two rupees.
- (lif) ᤌᤥ<pr> ᤆᤢᤶ<n><sg><nom>+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ<erg> ᤏᤧᤜᤡ<n><sg><nom> ᤗ᤺ᤵᤔᤠ<v><nonpast><s_pl1><o_3><incl> → (eng) Our<det><pos><sp> friend<n><sg> up<adv> above<adv> take# out<vblex><sep><pres><p3><sg> two<num><pl> rupee<n><pl>
3
- (lif) ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤶᤒᤧᤸᤗᤧ ᤆᤥᤀᤠᤱ ᤆᤥᤃᤢᤀᤠᤱ॥ → (eng) The Limbu eats, and he works.
- (lif) ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤶᤒᤠ<n><sg><nom>+ᤀᤧᤸᤗᤧ<erg> ᤆᤠᤔᤠ<v><nonpast><s_pl3><os_sg><o_sg><incl>+ᤀᤠᤱ<cj> ᤆᤥ᤺ᤰᤔᤠ<vbdo><nonpast><s_pl3><o_3><o_sg><incl>+ᤀᤠᤱ<cj> → (eng) The<det><def><sp> Limbu<n><sg> eat<vblex><pres><p3><sg> and<cnjcoo> prpers<prn><subj><p3><m><sg> work<vblex><pres><p3><sg>
