Difference between revisions of "Wamesa and Tongan/Contrastive Grammar"

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(→‎ton-wad tests)
(→‎wad-ton tests)
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==wad-ton tests==
 
==wad-ton tests==
 +
 +
===Present Tense===
 +
We (dual) are happy.
 +
* {{transferTest|wad|ton|tusanevesie|ʻoku ma fiefia}}
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|wad|ton|tusanevesie{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|du}}{{tag|excl}}|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ma{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|exl}}{{tag|du}} fiefia{{tag|adj}}}}
 +
 +
===Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)===
 +
She is not sick.
 +
* {{transferTest|wad|ton|piota va|ʻoku ʻikai ke puke}}
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|wad|ton|piota{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} va{{tag|neg}}|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ʻikai{{tag|adj}} ke{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}} puke{{tag|adj}}}}
 +
 +
===Human vs Nonhuman===
 +
They (human) are all happy.
 +
* {{transferTest|wad|ton|setisanevesie|ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu}}
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|wad|ton|ʻoku{{tag|}} nau{{tag|}} lata{{tag|}} kotoa{{tag|}} pē{{tag|}} kinautolu{{tag|}}|setisanevesie{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|hum}}}}
 +
 +
===Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns===
 +
My pig. (My cherished pig).
 +
* {{transferTest|wad|ton|pimunapat|siʻaku puaka}}
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|wad|ton|pimunapat{{tag|n}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|poss}}|siʻaku{{tag|prn}}{{tag|poss}}{{tag|emotional}} puaka{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
 +
 +
===Noun Pluralization===
 +
The dogs are sick.
 +
* {{transferTest|wad|ton|wonapasiat sipota|ʻoku puke e fanga kuli}}
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|wad|ton|wonapasiat{{tag|n}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|pl}} sipota{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|nohum}}|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} sick{{tag|adj}} e{{tag|adj}}{{tag|def}} fanga{{tag|cl}}{{tag|pl}} kuli{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}}
 +
  
  

Revision as of 03:54, 17 March 2017

contrastive points Tense

  • Present tense marker in tongan

VSO vs SVO
Pronouns

  • Hum vs nohum
  • Ordinary /emotional

Pluralization


ton-wad tests

Present Tense

We (dual) are happy.

  • (ton) ʻoku ma fiefia → (wad) tusanevesie
    (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ma<prn><prepd><p1><exl><du> fiefia<adj> → (wad) tusanevesie<adj><p1><du><excl>

Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)

She is not sick.

  • (ton) ʻoku ʻikai ke puke → (wad) piota va
    (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ʻikai<adj> ke<prn><prepd><p2><sg> puke<adj> → (wad) piota<adj><p3><sg> va<neg>

Human vs Nonhuman

They (human) are all happy.

  • (ton) ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu → (wad) setisanevesie
    (ton) ʻoku<> nau<> lata<> kotoa<> pē<> kinautolu<> → (wad) setisanevesie<adj><p3><pl><hum>

Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns

My pig. (My cherished pig).

  • (ton) siʻaku puaka → (wad) pimunapat
    (ton) siʻaku<prn><poss><emotional> puaka<n><sg> → (wad) pimunapat<n><p1><poss>

Noun Pluralization

The dogs are sick.

  • (ton) ʻoku puke e fanga kuli → (wad) wonapasiat sipota
    (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> sick<adj> e<adj><def> fanga<cl><pl> kuli<n><pl> → (wad) wonapasiat<n><def><pl> sipota<adj><p3><pl><nohum>

wad-ton tests

Present Tense

We (dual) are happy.

  • (wad) tusanevesie → (ton) ʻoku ma fiefia
    (wad) tusanevesie<adj><p1><du><excl> → (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ma<prn><prepd><p1><exl><du> fiefia<adj>

Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)

She is not sick.

  • (wad) piota va → (ton) ʻoku ʻikai ke puke
    (wad) piota<adj><p3><sg> va<neg> → (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ʻikai<adj> ke<prn><prepd><p2><sg> puke<adj>

Human vs Nonhuman

They (human) are all happy.

  • (wad) setisanevesie → (ton) ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu
    (wad) ʻoku<> nau<> lata<> kotoa<> pē<> kinautolu<> → (ton) setisanevesie<adj><p3><pl><hum>

Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns

My pig. (My cherished pig).

  • (wad) pimunapat → (ton) siʻaku puaka
    (wad) pimunapat<n><p1><poss> → (ton) siʻaku<prn><poss><emotional> puaka<n><sg>

Noun Pluralization

The dogs are sick.

  • (wad) wonapasiat sipota → (ton) ʻoku puke e fanga kuli
    (wad) wonapasiat<n><def><pl> sipota<adj><p3><pl><nohum> → (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> sick<adj> e<adj><def> fanga<cl><pl> kuli<n><pl>
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