Uyghur/Grammar

Part of Speech

Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

Uyghur has one set for first-person and third-person. The second person pronouns comes with 3 sets that depends on the formality and politeness. The inflection of the pronouns depends on the number and cases.

• مەن<prn><pers><p1><sg> ↔ مەن
• سەن<prn><pers><p2><sg><infml> ↔ سەن
• سىز<prn><pers><p2><sg><pol> ↔ سىز
• بىز<prn><pers><p3><pl><gen> ↔ بىزنىڭ

Number	Singular					Plural
Person	1st	2nd			3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
		Inf.	Polite	Resp.			Polite
nominative	Template:Wikt-lang	Template:Wikt-lang	Template:Wikt-lang	Template:Wikt-lang	Template:Wikt-lang	Template:Wikt-lang biz	Template:Wikt-lang siler	Template:Wikt-lang ular

Demonstrative Pronouns

Uyghur has several demonstrative pronouns that could be use as an emphasis or an intensifiers. The common usage is to refers to the distance from the speaker or the person/thing that is referred to. Demonstrative pronouns' inflection depends on the number and cases.

• مەشە<prn><dem><sg> ↔ مەشە
• ئاۋۇ<prn><dem><sg> ↔ ئاۋۇ

Meaning	Form
	Basic	Specific	Familiar	Exact Location
this	Template:بۇ	ماۋۇ}}	مۇشۇ}}	مەشە}}
that	Template:ئۇ	Template:ئاۋۇ	Template:ئاشۇ	Template:ئەشە
that (distant)	Template:شۇ	Template:ئەشۇ'	–	–

Nouns

Uyghur nouns has ten cases which, except for the nominative case, all have suffixation after the possessive or plural suffixes.

Declensions of nouns for cases

Case	Suffix	kün "day"
nominative	-∅	كۈن<n><nom><sg> ↔ كۈن
genitive	-ning	كۈن<n><gen><sg> ↔ كۈننىڭ
dative	-GA	كۈن<n><dat><sg> ↔ كۈنگە}
accusative	-ni	كۈن<n><acc><sg> ↔ كۈننى
locative	-DA	كۈن<n><loc><sg> ↔ كۈندە
ablative	-Din	كۈن<n><abl><sg> ↔ كۈندىن
locative- qualitative	-Diki	كۈن<n><loc><attr><sg> ↔ كۈندىكى
limitative	-Giche	كۈن<n><lim><sg> ↔ كۈنگىچە
similitude	-Dek	كۈن<n><sim><sg> ↔ كۈندەك
equivalence	-che/chilik	كۈن<n><equ><sg> ↔ كۈنچىلىك

Possessive Suffixes

Uyghur has possessive suffixes that indicate person. Similarly, the first and third person pronouns has one set each, while the second person has three sets that depends on context.

• ئۆي<n><p2><pos><sg> ↔ ئۆيىڭىز
• ئۆي<n><p2><pos><pl> ↔ ئۆيلىرىڭىز

Plurals

Most Uyghur nouns can be pluralized by adding the suffix لار to the end of the word

• ئۆي<n><nom><pl> ↔ ئۆيلار
• سۆز<n><nom><pl> ↔ سۆزلار
• كۆز<n><nom><pl> ↔ كۆزلار
• باغ<n><nom><pl> ↔ باغلار