Walloon/Grammar

Part-of-speech Categories

Symbol	Gloss	Notes	Universal POS
n	Noun	see 'np' for proper noun	NOUN
vblex	Standard ("lexical") verb	see also: vbser, vbhaver, vbmod, vaux, vbdo	VERB
v	Standard verb	shortened form of vblex, often used in agglutinative languages	VERB
vbmod	Modal verb		VERB
vbser	Verb "to be"	from ser (to be)	VERB or AUX
vbhaver	Verb "to have"	from haver (to have)	VERB or AUX
vbdo	Verb "to do"	"to do" includes all eleven tenses and forms of to do, can also be an auxiliary verb	VERB or AUX
vaux	Auxiliary verb	wikipedia	AUX
cop	Copula	wikipedia; sometimes verb-like, sometimes not	AUX
adj	Adjective		ADJ
adv	Adverb		ADV
preadv	Pre-adverb		ADV
postadv	Post-adverb		ADV
mod	Modal word	[1]	PART
det	Determiner	wikipedia	DET
prn	Pronoun	wikipedia	PRON
pr	Preposition	wikipedia	ADP
post	Postposition		ADP
num	Numeral		NUM
np	Proper noun	From nom propi wikipedia	PROPN
ij	Interjection	wikipedia	INTJ
cnjcoo	Co-ordinating conjunction	wikipedia	CCONJ
cnjsub	Sub-ordinating conjunction		SCONJ
cnjadv	Conjunctive adverb	wikipedia	SCONJ, ADV
atp	Attachable prefix	In German, zusammen-
ideo	Ideophone
clt	Clitic

Parts of Speech

Noun

Sometimes mark gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural), either in article or certain suffixes.

Examples:

• Masculine (singular): tchvå<n><m><sg> ↔ tchvå ("horse")

• Masculine (plural): tchvå<n><m><pl> ↔ tchvås ("horses")

• Feminine (singular): båshele<n><f><sg> ↔ båshele

Pronoun

Personal pronouns vary by person, number, gender, and function syntactically (subject, reflexive, object, etc.)

Examples:

• 1st person singular subject: dji<prn><p1><sg> ↔ dji ("I")
• 1st person plural subject: nos<prn><p1><pl> ↔ nos ("we")
• 3rd person singular subject: i<prn><p3><sg> ↔ i ("he/she/it")

Adjective

Show gender and number through -e, -s, with certain extra patterns for endings (-î/-ire, -s/-sse, etc.) Examples:

• Masculine singular: grand<adj><m><sg> ↔ grand ("tall, big")
• Feminine singular: grand<adj><f><sg> ↔ grande ("tall, big")
• Feminine plural: grand<adj><f><pl> ↔ grandès ("tall, big")

Determinant

...

Verb

Present, Future, Imperfect, Simple Past, Present Subjunctive, "Le subjonctif imparfait", Present Conditional,

Adverb

Time Adverbs: a l' åbitude, ådjoûrdu, dierinn'mint Place Adverbs (change meaning, like Germanic separable particles): å d' foû, avårci, droci Quantity, Intensity Adverbs: carapmint, hute di, etîrmint Exclamatory, Interrogative Adverbs: k' il est bea!, come vos tchantez bén!

Preposition

a deus eures, å raploû, a l' awousse, a pårti d' oûy, å dbout d' troes djoûs, å coron d' troes djoûs, a m' toûr

Conjunction

Coordinating: ...

Subordinating: ...