Japhug and English/Lexical selection
From LING073
jya → eng
at least two cases of a one-to-many mapping (2 sentences minimum for each word):
- There are three locative postpositions in Japhug, zɯ, tɕu and ri. All three can be used to express location ("at", "on", "in"), motion into ("into"), motion towards ("to"), or motion away from a place ("from"), irrespective of semantic details like relative location (on top, below, inside, etc.). Thus all three might be ambiguously translated to any of a number of English prepositions.
- Third person pronouns in Japhug do not distinguish for animacy. In English, the third person singular pronoun is "it" for inanimate (or nonhuman) referents, but "he"/"she"/"they" (another optional distinction in Japhug) for animate referents. In Japhug, "ɯʑo" (in the Kamnyu dialect) or "mi" (Tatshi dialect) is the third person singular pronoun always.