Sardinian and English/Structural transfer
From LING073
Contents
- 1 pre-evaluation
- 2 .rtx rules
- 2.1 Item 1: Determiners before nouns in Sardinian are omitted in English translations that do not include determiners before nouns
- 2.2 Item 2: Noun-adjective order in noun phraseology: adjectives now come before the noun in translations when necessary:
- 2.3 Item 3: Posessive determiner/marker order in noun phraseology
- 2.4 Item 4: For most uses/conjugations of verbs in Sardinian, the verb stands on its own without a personal pronoun, while in English personal pronouns always precede any conjugated verbs. In other words, the tags of "appo" (I have) determine a new word "I" which precedes "have" in the English translation.
- 3 post evaluation
pre-evaluation
- WER, PER, and other useful numbers:
Statistics about input files ------------------------------------------------------- Number of words in reference: 81 Number of words in test: 80 Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 14 Percentage of unknown words: 17.50 %
Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars) ------------------------------------------------------- Edit distance: 77 Word error rate (WER): 95.06 % Number of position-independent correct words: 12 Position-independent word error rate (PER): 85.19 %
- coverage from monolingual transducer on srd.tests:
Coverage: 97.78% Top unknown words in the corpus: 1 paìsu 1 Lettu
- coverage from bilingual transducer on srd.tests:
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 91 Coverage: 84.62% Top unknown words in the corpus: 2 bellu 1 paisu 1 paìsu 1 Lettu 1 furatu 1 dinari 1 punitos 1 rica 1 datu 1 milli 1 francos 1 betzu 1 iscimpru
.rtx rules
Item 1: Determiners before nouns in Sardinian are omitted in English translations that do not include determiners before nouns
- Ex: (srd) Sa Frantza est unu paisu bellu. → (eng) France is a beautiful country.
- Outputs for:
- tagger: ^Su<det><def><f><sg>$ ^Frantza<np><top><f><sg>$ ^èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg>$ ^unu<det><ind><m><sg>$ ^paisu<n><m><sg>$ ^bellu<adj><m><sg>$^.<sent>$^.<sent>$
- lex:
1:SELECT:0.8:Su<det><def><f><sg>:2:The<det><def><f><sg> ^Su<det><def><f><sg>/The<det><def><f><sg>$ ^Frantza<np><top><f><sg>/France<np><top><f><sg>$ ^èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg>/be<vbser><pri><p3><sg>$ ^unu<det><ind><m><sg>/a<det><ind><m><sg>$ ^paisu<n><m><sg>/country<n><sg>$ ^bellu<adj><m><sg>/beautiful<adj><m><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
- transfer: at this link
- abc-xyz:
France is a beautiful country.
Item 2: Noun-adjective order in noun phraseology: adjectives now come before the noun in translations when necessary:
- Ex: (srd) Su sardu est una limba antica. → (eng) Sardinian is an ancient language.
- Outputs for:
- tagger: ^Su<det><def><m><sg>$ ^sardu<n><m><sg>$ ^èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg>$ ^unu<det><ind><f><sg>$ ^limba<n><f><sg>$ ^anticu<adj><f><sg>$^.<sent>$^.<sent>$
- lex:
1:SELECT:0.8:Su<det><def><m><sg>:2:The<det><def><m><sg> ^Su<det><def><m><sg>/The<det><def><m><sg>$ ^sardu<n><m><sg>/Sardinian<n><sg>$ ^èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg>/be<vbser><pri><p3><sg>$ ^unu<det><ind><f><sg>/a<det><ind><f><sg>$ ^limba<n><f><sg>/language<n><sg>$ ^anticu<adj><f><sg>/ancient<adj><f><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
- transfer: at this link
- abc-xyz:
The Sardinian is an ancient language.
Item 3: Posessive determiner/marker order in noun phraseology
- Ex: (srd) Libru meu est. → (eng) It is my book.
- Outputs for:
- tagger: ^Libru<n><m><sg>$ ^meu<adj><pos><m><sg>$ ^èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg>$^.<sent>$^.<sent>$
- lex: ^Libru<n><m><sg>/Book<n><sg>$ ^meu<adj><pos><m><sg>/my<det><pos><m><sg>$ ^èssere<vbser><pri><p3><sg>/be<vbser><pri><p3><sg>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
- transfer: at this link
- abc-xyz:
#my Book is.
Item 4: For most uses/conjugations of verbs in Sardinian, the verb stands on its own without a personal pronoun, while in English personal pronouns always precede any conjugated verbs. In other words, the tags of "appo" (I have) determine a new word "I" which precedes "have" in the English translation.
- Ex: (srd) Appo pèrditu duos de sos libros meos. → (eng) I have lost two of my books.
- Outputs for:
- tagger: ^Àere<vbhaver><pri><p1><sg>$ ^pèrdere<vblex><pp><m><sg>$ ^duos<num><m><sp>$ ^de<pr>$ ^su<det><def><m><pl>$ ^libru<n><m><pl>$ ^meu<adj><pos><m><pl>$^.<sent>$^.<sent>$
- lex:
1:SELECT:1:de<pr>:2:of<pr> 1:SELECT:0.8:su<det><def><m><pl>:2:the<det><def><m><pl> ^Àere<vbhaver><pri><p1><sg>/Have<vbhaver><pri><p1><sg>$ ^pèrdere<vblex><pp><m><sg>/lose<vblex><pp><m><sg>$ ^duos<num><m><sp>/two<num><m><sp>$ ^de<pr>/of<pr>$ ^su<det><def><m><pl>/the<det><def><m><pl>$ ^libru<n><m><pl>/book<n><pl>$ ^meu<adj><pos><m><pl>/my<det><pos><m><pl>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$^.<sent>/.<sent>$
- transfer: at this link
- abc-xyz:
I #Have #lose #two of the #my books.
post evaluation
- WER, PER, and other useful numbers, part 2:
------------------------------------------------------- Number of words in reference: 81 Number of words in test: 84 Number of unknown words (marked with a star) in test: 0 Percentage of unknown words: 0.00 %
Results when removing unknown-word marks (stars) ------------------------------------------------------- Edit distance: 50 Word error rate (WER): 61.73 % Number of position-independent correct words: 39 Position-independent word error rate (PER): 55.56 %
- Coverage from monolingual transducer on srd.tests, part 2:
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 90 Coverage: 100.00%
- Coverage from bilingual transducer on srd.tests, part 2:
Number of tokenised words in the corpus: 91 Coverage: 100.00%,,
