Rungus/Grammar

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Parts of Speech

Inflectional Morphology

Reduplication

Transitive Prefixes

In Rungus, transitive verbs are those that can take an object. They are conjugated with a prefix (denoting aspect), and the appropriate personal pronoun is attached to the end (denoting the subject). The prefixes themselves are determined by phonological stipulations of the stem.

Verbs in Rungus should be tagged <v>, and transitive verbs can be subcategorized as <tv>. One of the aspects is the imperfective <impf>. The person tags needed in Rungus are <p1>, <p2>, and <p3>, and the number tags needed are <sg> and <pl>.

Prefixation on Stem Initial Voiceless Cs and /b/

  • panau<v><tv><impf><p1><sg> ↔ mamanau oku

Prefixation on Stem Initial Voiced Cs and /ʔ/, excluding /b/

Plurals

Demonstrative Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

Articles

Enclitics

Aspects