Sebat Bet Gurage/Grammar

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Prefixes

i may combine this one; i want to talk about prefixes and their multiple purposes

«የ»

The prefix «የ» attached to a noun<n> marks accusative case, genitive case, allative case and benefactive case of the sentence.

case name ~meaning tag
accusative definite direct object <acc>
genitive possessor <gen>
allative direction <all>
benefactive "for" <ben>
manner "from" <man>
  • መናኒ<ben><n> ↔ የመናኒ
  • ቭራ<acc><n> ↔ የቭራ

Relative Clauses

Verbs forming a relative clause have a different form depending on the aspect.

Aspect Independent Clause Relative Clause
Perfect subject <nom> — алма<n><nom> ↔ алма гүл<n><nom> ↔ гүл
Continuous definite direct object <acc> ны, ни, ну, нү, ды, ди, ду, дү, ты, ти, ту, тү алма<n><acc> ↔ алманы гүл<n><acc> ↔ гүлдү
Pluperfect/Past continuous possessor <gen> нын, нин, нун, нүн, дын, дин, дун, дүн, тын, тин, тун, түн алма<n><gen> ↔ алманын гүл<n><gen> ↔ гүлдүн
Equative "to" <dat> га, го, ге, гө, ка, ко, ке, кө алма<n><dat> ↔ алмага гүл<n><dat> ↔ гүлгө