Sebat Bet Gurage/Grammar

Prefixes

i may combine this one; i want to talk about prefixes and their multiple purposes

«የ»

The prefix «የ» attached to a noun<n> marks accusative case, genitive case, allative case and benefactive case of the sentence.

case name	~meaning	tag
accusative	definite direct object	<acc>
genitive	possessor	<gen>
allative	direction	<all>
benefactive	"for"	<ben>
manner	"from"	<man>

• መናኒ<ben><n> ↔ የመናኒ
• ቭራ<acc><n> ↔ የቭራ

Relative Clauses

Verbs forming a relative clause have a different form depending on the aspect.

expand on the structure of each form, especially past continuous

Aspect	Independent Clause	Relative Clause	Form
Perfect	ኧርች ችኧነም	የቸነ ኧርች	የ___-ም
Continuous	በዄት ሳት ትቸን	በዄት ሳት ትቸን ገረድ	____+}
Pluperfect/Past continuous		ቸነም የረፐረ ምስ	የ ነፐረ-ም
Equative	ዝኽ ዴንⷛ ተማሪ ባነቦ	ተማሪ የረፐሮ ዴንⷛ	የ+ኸረ-ም

«በ»

locative case, real condition, essive, manner

Perfect Aspect

• ቨና<v><p1><sg><perf> ↔ በናኹም
• ቨና<v><m><p2><sg><perf> ↔ በናኸም
• ቨና<v><f><p2><sg><perf> ↔ በናⷕም
• ቨና<v><m><p3><sg><perf> ↔ በናም
• ቨና<v><f><p3><sg><perf> ↔ በናችም
• ቨና<v><p1><pl><perf> ↔ በናነም
• ቨና<v><m><p2><pl><perf> ↔ በናኹም
• ቨና<v><f><p2><pl><perf> ↔ በናኽማም
• ቨና<v><m><p3><pl><perf> ↔ በነቮም
• ቨና<v><f><p3><p1><perf> ↔ በነማም
• ቨና<v><impers><perf> ↔ ᎄነናችም