Jeju and Ainu/Contrastive Grammar

Identified differences

1. Ainu affixes the subject (if the subject is a pronoun meaning "I" or "you") to the front of the verb. Jeju requires the subject be separate from the verb.
2. In Jeju, the subject of a sentence requires a topic clitic to follow it, while Ainu does not.
3. Jeju requires that objects of verbs are marked, while in Ainu they are not marked.
4. Ainu has the option for an honorific word following the thing the speaker is honoring, but does not seem to require it (at least when referring to things holy to Christianity). In Jeju, honorifics are more strict.

Developed resources

Contrastive Grammar Repository

jje-ain test

1

• (jje) → (ain) クシノㇳ

  (jje) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (ain) シノㇳ<vblex><p1><sg>

I play.

2

• (jje) at the store → (ain) ウパㇱ ル

  (jje) дүкен<n><loc> → (ain) ウパㇱ<n> ル<vblex><tv>

Snow melts.

3

• (jje) at the store → (ain) シタ ポネ エ

  (jje) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (ain) シタ<n> ポネ<n> エ<vblex><tv>

Dog eats bone.

4

• (eng) at the store → (kaz) дүкенде

  (eng) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (kaz) дүкен<n><loc>

And Jesus answered and said unto him.

5

• (eng) at the store → (kaz) дүкенде

  (eng) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (kaz) дүкен<n><loc>

Don't be shy!

ain-jje test

1

• (jje) → (ain) クシノㇳ

  (jje) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (ain) シノㇳ<vblex><p1><sg>

I play.

2

• (jje) at the store → (ain) ウパㇱ ル

  (jje) дүкен<n><loc> → (ain) ウパㇱ<n> ル<vblex><tv>

Snow melts.

3

• (jje) at the store → (ain) シタ ポネ エ

  (jje) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (ain) シタ<n> ポネ<n> エ<vblex><tv>

Dog eats bone.

4

• (eng) at the store → (kaz) дүкенде

  (eng) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (kaz) дүкен<n><loc>

And Jesus answered and said unto him.

5

• (eng) at the store → (kaz) дүкенде

  (eng) at<prp> a<det><def> store<n><sg> → (kaz) дүкен<n><loc>

Don't be shy!