Difference between revisions of "Biak/Grammar"

From LING073
Jump to: navigation, search
(Verb number/person inflection)
(Verb number/person inflection)
Line 22: Line 22:
 
CC-initial:
 
CC-initial:
  
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|s_sg1}}|yasrow}}
+
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|yasrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}}|wasrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|isrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|du}}{{tag|ex}}|nusrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|du}}{{tag|inc}}|kusrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|du}}|musrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|du}}|susrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pc}}|skosrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|exc}}|nkosrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|inc}}|kosrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|an}}|sisrow}}
 +
 
 +
{{morphTest|srow{{tag|v}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|inan}}|nasrow}}
  
 
=== Noun Specificity ===
 
=== Noun Specificity ===

Revision as of 10:56, 4 March 2021

Word Classes

  1. Nouns n
  2. Verbs v
  3. Pronouns prn
  4. Adverbs adv
  5. Prepositions pr
  6. Interjections ij
  7. Numerals num
  8. Conjunctions
  9. Topic markers
  10. Exclamations

Note the absence of adjectives in Biak

Grammar Points

Verb number/person inflection

Verbs combine with pronomial subject affixes that express number and person of the subject. In addition to singular and plural, Biak also has a dual and a paucal. For 1st person dual and plural, Biak also distinguishes between inclusive and exclusive. There are at least three ways to combine verbs with pronomial affixes, and this is mainly determined by the beginning of the verb stem.

CC-initial:

srow<v><p1><sg> ↔ yasrow

srow<v><p2><sg> ↔ wasrow

srow<v><p3><sg> ↔ isrow

srow<v><p1><du><ex> ↔ nusrow

srow<v><p1><du><inc> ↔ kusrow

srow<v><p2><du> ↔ musrow

srow<v><p3><du> ↔ susrow

srow<v><p3><pc> ↔ skosrow

srow<v><p1><pl><exc> ↔ nkosrow

srow<v><p1><pl><inc> ↔ kosrow

srow<v><p2><pl><an> ↔ sisrow

srow<v><p2><pl><inan> ↔ nasrow

Noun Specificity

Possession (Alienable/Inalienable)

spellrelax

Partial Reduplicaton

Verb Transitivity

Locative-existential clauses

Demonstratives

Pronouns