Difference between revisions of "Central Kurdish and English/Contrastive Grammar"

Revision as of 11:13, 30 April 2021

In Sorani Kurdish, definiteness is marked by a suffix at the end of a noun instead of a separate determiner.

(ckb) پیاوەکە → (eng) the man
(ckb) پیاو<n><def><sg> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> man<n><sg>

(ckb) پیاوێک → (eng) a man
(ckb) پیاو<n><ind><sg> → (eng) a<det><ind><sg> man<n><sg>

(ckb) سەگەکان → (eng) the dogs
(ckb) سەگ<n><def><pl> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> dog<n><pl>

(ckb) سەگێک → (eng) a dog
(ckb) سەگ<n><ind><sg> → (eng) a<det><ind><sp> dog<n><sg>

Sorani verbs are negated using a negation prefix. The prefixes are نە for past tense, نا for nonpast tense, and مە for imperative verbs.

(ckb) ئەو نەچوو → (eng) He did not go
(ckb) ئەو<n><def><sg> چوون<v><iv><past><neg><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><subj><p3><m><sg> do<vaux><past> not<adv> go<vblex><inf>

(ckb) ئەو ناچێت → (eng) He is not going
(ckb) ئەو<n><def><sg> چوون<v><iv><npast><neg><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><subj><p3><m><sg> do<vaux><pres> not<adv> go<vblex><ger>

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 === Verb Negation ===
-* {{transferTest|ckb|eng|ئەو نەهات|He did not come.}}
+Sorani verbs are negated using a negation prefix. The prefixes are نە for past tense, نا for nonpast tense, and مە for imperative verbs.
-*: {{transferMorphTest|ckb|eng|ئەو{{tag|n}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} هاتن{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} do{{tag|vaux}}{{tag|past}} not{{tag|adv}} come{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}}}}
+* {{transferTest|ckb|eng|ئەو نەچوو|He did not go}}
+*: {{transferMorphTest|ckb|eng|ئەو{{tag|n}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} چوون{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} do{{tag|vaux}}{{tag|past}} not{{tag|adv}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|inf}}}}
+* {{transferTest|ckb|eng|ئەو ناچێت|He is not going}}
+*: {{transferMorphTest|ckb|eng|ئەو{{tag|n}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sg}} چوون{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|npast}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} do{{tag|vaux}}{{tag|pres}} not{{tag|adv}} go{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|ger}}}}