Difference between revisions of "Chechen and English/Contrastive Grammar"

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(Word Order)
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*{{transferTest|che|eng|иза|he}}
 
*{{transferTest|che|eng|иза|he}}
 
::{{transferMorphTest|che|eng|иза{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abs}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}
 
::{{transferMorphTest|che|eng|иза{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|abs}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|pers}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}}}
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==Copular Verb==
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In Chechen, copular verb has noun-class distinctions, and no plurality distinction. But in English it's the opposite: plurality distinction exists but not non-class distinction.
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*{{transferTest|che|eng|сан цӀе Иван ю.|My name is Ivan.}}
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::{{transferMorphTest|che|eng|сан цӀе{{tag|n}}{{tag|cl_j}}{{tag|abs}}{{tag|sg}} Иван ю{{tag|v}}{{tag|cpl}}{{tag|cl_j}}|my name{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} is{{tag|vbser}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} Ivan}}
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==Word Order==
 
==Word Order==

Revision as of 21:05, 3 April 2019

Gender of Pronouns

In Chechen, there is no distinction of male/female gender in pronouns but this distinction exists in English

  • (che) Ас → (eng) I
(che) ас<prn><pers><p1><sg><erg> → (eng) I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>
  • (che) иза → (eng) he
(che) иза<prn><pers><p3><sg><abs> → (eng) he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>

Copular Verb

In Chechen, copular verb has noun-class distinctions, and no plurality distinction. But in English it's the opposite: plurality distinction exists but not non-class distinction.

  • (che) сан цӀе Иван ю. → (eng) My name is Ivan.
(che) сан цӀе<n><cl_j><abs><sg> Иван ю<v><cpl><cl_j> → (eng) my name<n><sg> is<vbser><pres><p3><sg> Ivan


Word Order

English is a SVO language and Chechen is a SOV language, which means both lexical verbs and copular verbs occur sentence-finally.

  • (che) сан цӀе Иван ю. → (eng) My name is Ivan.
(che) сан<prn><pers><p1><sg><gen> цӀе<n><cl_j><abs><sg> Иван<np><ant><abs><sg> ю<v><cpl><cl_j> → (eng) my<det><p1><mf><sg><pos> name<n><sg> is<vbser><pres><p3><sg> Ivan<np><ant><m><sg>
  • (che) Ас бепиг дина. → (eng) I made bread.
(che) Ас<prn><pers><p1><sg><erg> бепиг<n><cl_j><abs><sg> дина<v><tv><pres><pf> → (eng) I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg> made<vblex><past> bread<n><sg>