Difference between revisions of "English and Nivkh/Contrastive Grammar"
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* {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}} | * {{transferTest|niv|eng|оола пʼӈафӄзадь.|the child beat his friend.}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|niv|eng|оола{{tag|n}} пʼи{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ref}}{{tag|poss}} ӈафӄ{{tag|n}} за{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|ind}}|the {{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} child{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} beat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} prpers{{tag|det}}{{tag|pos}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} friend{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} .{{tag|sent}}}} | ||
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+ | ==== Case endings as prepositions ==== | ||
[[Category:Nivkh]] | [[Category:Nivkh]] | ||
[[Category:English]] | [[Category:English]] | ||
[[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]] | [[Category:Sp19_ContrastiveGrammars]] |
Revision as of 21:50, 6 April 2019
Contents
niv-eng tests
- Future tag becomes "will"
cvb_nar1
should turn into "-ing"- Nivkh is SOV and English is SVO
- Make relative clauses work
- Translate case endings as prepositions
Examples
Add a "will" before word with future tense
- (niv) иф иғдь. → (eng) He killed him
- (niv) иф<prn><pers><p3><sg> иғ<v><tv><ind> .<sent> → (eng) prpers<prn><p3><m><subj><sg> kill<vblex><past> prpers<prn><p3><m><obj><sg> .<sent>
- (niv) иф иғныдь. → (eng) He will kill him
- (niv) иф<prn><pers><p3><sg> иғ<v><tv><fut><ind> .<sent> → (eng) prpers<prn><p3><m><subj><sg> will<vbmod><pres> kill<vblex><inf> prpers<prn><p3><m><obj><sg> .<sent>
Relative Clauses
- (niv) нивхӄʼатумгу пʼудь. → (eng) the woman who scolded the man went out.
- (niv) нивх<n> ӽат<v><tv> умгу<n> пʼу<v><iv><ind> .<sent> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> woman<n><sg> who<prn><rel><an><mf><sp> scold<vblex><past> the<det><def><sp> man<n><sg> go out<vblex><past> .<sent>
- (niv) ытык пʼызнивхордь. → (eng) father met the man who had called him.
- (niv) ытык<n> пʼи<prn><poss><ref> ыз<v><tv> нивх<n> ор<v><tv><ind> .<sent> → (eng) father<n><sg> meet<vblex><past> the<det><def><sp> man<n><sg> who<prn><rel><an><mf><sp> have<vbhaver><past> call<vblex><pp> prpers<prn><p3><m><obj><sg>.<sent>
Converbs end with "-ing" in english
- (niv) ӿоӻор озр видь. → (eng) then, standing up, he went away.
- (niv) ӿоӻор<cnjadv> оз<v><iv><cvb_nar1><p3><sg> ви<v><tv> .<sent> → (eng) then<cvjadv> ,<cm> stand<vblex><pprs> up<adv> ,<cm> prpers<prn><p3><m><subj><sg> go<vblex><past> away<adv> .<sent>
- (niv) нёх рғопт эзмудь. → (eng) touching it in the barn, rejoiced.
- (niv) нё<n><abl> рғоп<v><tv><cvb_nar1><p1><pl> эзму<v><tv><ind><pl> .<sent> → (eng) touch<vblex><pprs> it<prn><p3><nt><obj><sg> in<pr> the<det><def><sp> barn<n><sg> ,<cm> they<prn><p3><mf><subj><pl> rejoice<vblex><past> .<sent>
SVO
- (niv) умгу леп пʼоолаардь. → (eng) the woman fed her child bread.
- (niv) умгу<n> леп<n> пʼи<prn><ref> оола<n> ар<v><tv><ind> → (eng) the <det><def><sp> woman<n><sg> fed<vblex><past> prpers<det><pos><p3><f><sg> child<n><sg> bread<n><s> .<sent>
- (niv) оола пʼӈафӄзадь. → (eng) the child beat his friend.
- (niv) оола<n> пʼи<prn><ref><poss> ӈафӄ<n> за<v><tv><ind> → (eng) the <det><def><sp> child<n><sg> beat<vblex><past> prpers<det><pos><p3><mf><sg> friend<n><sg> .<sent>