View source for Jeju and Ainu/Contrastive Grammar


==Identified differences==
# Ainu affixes the subject (if the subject is a pronoun meaning "I" or "you") to the front of the verb. Jeju requires the subject be separate from the verb. 
# In Jeju, the subject of a sentence requires a topic clitic to follow it, while Ainu does not. 
# Jeju requires that objects of verbs are marked, while in Ainu they are not marked.
# Ainu has the option for an honorific word following the thing the speaker is honoring, but does not seem to require it (at least when referring to things holy to Christianity). In Jeju, honorifics are more strict.  
# Jeju handles negative prohibitive statements by chaining an auxiliary verb after the main verb, while Ainu prepends a prohibitive adverb before the main verb.

==Developed resources==
[https://github.swarthmore.edu/dmin1/ling073-ain-jje-corpus Contrastive Grammar Repository]

==jje-ain test==
=== 1 ===
* {{transferTest|jje|ain|나가 노나|クシノㇳ}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|jje|ain|나{{tag|prn}}{{tag|nom}} 놀{{tag|v}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pres}}|シノㇳ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}}}

I play.

Ainu affixes the subject (if the subject is a pronoun meaning "I" or "you") to the front of the verb. Jeju requires the subject be separate from the verb. 

=== 2 ===
* {{transferTest|jje|ain|눈이 녹져|ウパㇱ ル}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|jje|ain|눈{{tag|n}}{{tag|top}} 녹{{tag|v}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pres}}|ウパㇱ{{tag|n}} ル{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}}}

Snow melts.

In Jeju, the subject of a sentence requires a topic clitic to follow it, while Ainu does not. 

=== 3 ===
* {{transferTest|jje|ain|개가 뼈를 먹져|シタ ポネ エ}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|jje|ain|개{{tag|n}}{{tag|top}} 뼈{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}} 먹{{tag|v}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pres}}|シタ{{tag|n}} ポネ{{tag|n}} エ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}}}

Dog eats bone.

Jeju requires that objects of verbs are marked, while in Ainu they are not marked.

=== 4 ===
* {{transferTest|jje|ain|경ᄒᆞ고 예수님께서 그놈신디 ᄀᆞ랐다|オロタ イェス エネ イタㇰ ヒ}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|jje|ain|경ᄒᆞ고{{tag|adv}} 예수님{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}{{tag|hon}} 그놈{{tag|prn}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|dat}} ᄀᆞ{{tag|n}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|past}}|オロタ{{tag|adv}} イェス{{tag|n}}{{tag|np}} エネ{{tag|adv}} イタㇰ{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}} ヒ{{tag|nmlz}}}}

And Jesus said unto him.

Ainu has the option for an honorific word following the thing the speaker is honoring, but does not seem to require it (at least when referring to things holy to Christianity). In Jeju, honorifics are more strict.  

===5 ===
* {{transferTest|jje|ain|ᄌᆞ지 ᄆᆞᆯ라|イテキ モコㇽ}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|jje|ain|자{{tag|v}}{{tag|aux}}{{tag|pres}} ᄆᆞᆯ{{tag|v}}{{tag|imp}}|イテキ{{tag|adv}}{{tag|proh}} モコㇽ{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}}}

Don't sleep.

Jeju handles negative prohibitive statements by chaining an auxiliary verb after the main verb, while Ainu prepends a prohibitive adverb before the main verb.

==ain-jje test==
=== 1 ===
* {{transferTest|ain|jje|クシノㇳ|나가 노나}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ain|jje|シノㇳ{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|나{{tag|prn}}{{tag|nom}} 놀{{tag|v}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pres}}}}

I play.

=== 2 ===
* {{transferTest|ain|jje|ウパㇱ ル|눈이 녹져|}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ain|jje|ウパㇱ{{tag|n}} ル{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}|눈{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}} 녹{{tag|v}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pres}}}}

Snow melts.

=== 3 ===
* {{transferTest|ain|jje|シタ ポネ エ|개가 뼈를 먹져}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ain|jje|シタ{{tag|n}} ポネ{{tag|n}} エ{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}|개{{tag|n}}{{tag|top}} 뼈{{tag|n}}{{tag|acc}} 먹{{tag|v}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|pres}}}}

Dog eats bone.

=== 4 ===
* {{transferTest|ain|jje|オロタ イェス エネ イタㇰ ヒ|경ᄒᆞ고 예수님께서 그놈신디 ᄀᆞ랐다}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ain|jje|オロタ{{tag|adv}} イェス{{tag|csfcoo}}{{tag|np}} エネ{{tag|adv}} イタㇰ{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|iv}} ヒ{{tag|nmlz}}|경ᄒᆞ고{{tag|adv}} 예수님{{tag|n}}{{tag|nom}}{{tag|hon}} 그놈{{tag|prn}}{{tag|aa}}{{tag|dat}} ᄀᆞ{{tag|n}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|past}}}}

And Jesus answered and said unto him.

===5 ===
* {{transferTest|ain|jje|イテキ モコㇽ|ᄌᆞ지 ᄆᆞᆯ라}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ain|jje|イテキ{{tag|adv}}{{tag|proh}} モコㇽ{{tag|v}}{{tag|iv}}|자{{tag|v}}{{tag|aux}}{{tag|pres}} ᄆᆞᆯ{{tag|v}}{{tag|imp}}}}

Don't sleep.

[[Category:Sp17_ContrastiveGrammars]]
[[Category:Jeju]]
[[Category:Ainu]]