Difference between revisions of "Khasi/Grammar"
From LING073
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=== Nouns === | === Nouns === | ||
− | * {{morphTest|ka khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}|'daughter'}} | + | ==== Gender and Number ==== |
− | * {{morphTest|u khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}|'son'}} | + | * Articles 'ka' and 'u' function respectively as the feminine and masculine singular articles. They typically come before nouns. |
+ | ** {{morphTest|ka khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|f}}|'daughter'}} | ||
+ | ** {{morphTest|u khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|m}}|'son'}} | ||
+ | * The gender of a noun cannot be shown by the article in the plural, as the plural article is 'ki', and it carries no gender. Instead, a marker-word is often attached to indicate gender, such as the most general 'kynthei' meaning female and 'shinrang' meaning male. | ||
+ | ** {{morphTest|ki lang-kynthei{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|f}}|'she-goats', 'ewes'}} | ||
+ | ** {{morphTest|ki lang-shinrang{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|m}}|'he-goats', 'rams'}} | ||
+ | * There are more specific terms for some words. These specific terms are often epithets describing a feature of a male or female of such a word. For example: | ||
+ | ** {{morphTest|ki massi-kyrtong{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|m}}|'bulls', 'male cows'}} | ||
+ | *** {{morphTest|massi{{tag|n}}|'cow'}} | ||
+ | *** {{morphTest|kyrtong{{tag|adj}}{{tag|m}}|'fat', 'strong'}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Singular ==== | ||
+ | ==== Plural ==== | ||
+ | |||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
* {{morphTest|kyrhuh{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|actv}}|'roar'}} | * {{morphTest|kyrhuh{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|actv}}|'roar'}} |
Revision as of 19:30, 8 February 2017
Contents
Parts of speech
Nouns
Gender and Number
- Articles 'ka' and 'u' function respectively as the feminine and masculine singular articles. They typically come before nouns.
- ka khun<n><sg><f> ↔ 'daughter'
- u khun<n><sg><m> ↔ 'son'
- The gender of a noun cannot be shown by the article in the plural, as the plural article is 'ki', and it carries no gender. Instead, a marker-word is often attached to indicate gender, such as the most general 'kynthei' meaning female and 'shinrang' meaning male.
- ki lang-kynthei<n><pl><f> ↔ 'she-goats', 'ewes'
- ki lang-shinrang<n><pl><m> ↔ 'he-goats', 'rams'
- There are more specific terms for some words. These specific terms are often epithets describing a feature of a male or female of such a word. For example:
- ki massi-kyrtong<n><pl><m> ↔ 'bulls', 'male cows'
- massi<n> ↔ 'cow'
- kyrtong<adj><m> ↔ 'fat', 'strong'
- ki massi-kyrtong<n><pl><m> ↔ 'bulls', 'male cows'
Singular
Plural
Verbs
- kyrhuh<vblex><pres><actv> ↔ 'roar'
- bam<vblex><pres><actv> ↔ 'eat'
Adjectives
- babha<adj> ↔ 'good'
- barit<adj> ↔ 'small'
Prepositions
- jong<pr> ↔ 'of'
- ha<pr> ↔ 'in, to, at, on'
Pronouns
- nga<prn> ↔ 'I'
- ngi<prn> ↔ 'we'