Difference between revisions of "Khasi/Grammar"

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(Nouns)
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=== Nouns ===
 
=== Nouns ===
* {{morphTest|ka khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}|'daughter'}}
+
==== Gender and Number ====
* {{morphTest|u khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}|'son'}}
+
* Articles 'ka' and 'u' function respectively as the feminine and masculine singular articles. They typically come before nouns.
 +
** {{morphTest|ka khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|f}}|'daughter'}}
 +
** {{morphTest|u khun{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|m}}|'son'}}
 +
* The gender of a noun cannot be shown by the article in the plural, as the plural article is 'ki', and it carries no gender. Instead, a marker-word is often attached to indicate gender, such as the most general 'kynthei' meaning female and 'shinrang' meaning male.
 +
** {{morphTest|ki lang-kynthei{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|f}}|'she-goats', 'ewes'}}
 +
** {{morphTest|ki lang-shinrang{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|m}}|'he-goats', 'rams'}}
 +
* There are more specific terms for some words. These specific terms are often epithets describing a feature of a male or female of such a word. For example:
 +
** {{morphTest|ki massi-kyrtong{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|m}}|'bulls', 'male cows'}}
 +
*** {{morphTest|massi{{tag|n}}|'cow'}}
 +
*** {{morphTest|kyrtong{{tag|adj}}{{tag|m}}|'fat', 'strong'}}
 +
 
 +
==== Singular ====
 +
==== Plural ====
 +
 
 
=== Verbs ===
 
=== Verbs ===
 
* {{morphTest|kyrhuh{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|actv}}|'roar'}}
 
* {{morphTest|kyrhuh{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|actv}}|'roar'}}

Revision as of 19:30, 8 February 2017

Parts of speech

Nouns

Gender and Number

  • Articles 'ka' and 'u' function respectively as the feminine and masculine singular articles. They typically come before nouns.
    • ka khun<n><sg><f> ↔ 'daughter'
    • u khun<n><sg><m> ↔ 'son'
  • The gender of a noun cannot be shown by the article in the plural, as the plural article is 'ki', and it carries no gender. Instead, a marker-word is often attached to indicate gender, such as the most general 'kynthei' meaning female and 'shinrang' meaning male.
    • ki lang-kynthei<n><pl><f> ↔ 'she-goats', 'ewes'
    • ki lang-shinrang<n><pl><m> ↔ 'he-goats', 'rams'
  • There are more specific terms for some words. These specific terms are often epithets describing a feature of a male or female of such a word. For example:
    • ki massi-kyrtong<n><pl><m> ↔ 'bulls', 'male cows'
      • massi<n> ↔ 'cow'
      • kyrtong<adj><m> ↔ 'fat', 'strong'

Singular

Plural

Verbs

  • kyrhuh<vblex><pres><actv> ↔ 'roar'
  • bam<vblex><pres><actv> ↔ 'eat'

Adjectives

  • babha<adj> ↔ 'good'
  • barit<adj> ↔ 'small'

Prepositions

  • jong<pr> ↔ 'of'
  • ha<pr> ↔ 'in, to, at, on'

Pronouns

  • nga<prn> ↔ 'I'
  • ngi<prn> ↔ 'we'