Difference between revisions of "Miskito and English/Contrastive Grammar"
From LING073
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===Object Order=== | ===Object Order=== | ||
| + | Miskito is an SOV language, so the object phrase always follows the noun phrase and generally precedes the verb phrase (there are some exceptions). In contrast, English is an SVO language. | ||
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* {{transferTest|miq|eng|Yang wal wîna kalila piras.| I do not eat meat and chicken}} | * {{transferTest|miq|eng|Yang wal wîna kalila piras.| I do not eat meat and chicken}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|miq|eng|yang{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}} wîna{{tag|n}} kalila{{tag|n}} piras{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|neg}} | I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pres}} meat{{tag|n}} and{{tag|cnjcoo}}}} chicken{{tag|n}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|miq|eng|yang{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}} wîna{{tag|n}} kalila{{tag|n}} piras{{tag|v}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|neg}} | I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p1}} eat{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pres}} meat{{tag|n}} and{{tag|cnjcoo}}}} chicken{{tag|n}} | ||
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===Adjective Order=== | ===Adjective Order=== | ||
Revision as of 13:41, 29 April 2021
Contents
Grammatical Differences
Miq-Eng tests
Object Order
Miskito is an SOV language, so the object phrase always follows the noun phrase and generally precedes the verb phrase (there are some exceptions). In contrast, English is an SVO language.
- (miq) Yang wal wîna kalila piras. → (eng) I do not eat meat and chicken
- (miq) yang<prn><p1> wîna<n> kalila<n> piras<v><p1><neg> → (eng) I<prn><p1> eat<vblex><p1><pres> meat<n> and<cnjcoo> chicken<n>
Adjective Order
- (miq) aras ba sirpi sa → (eng) The horse is small
- (miq) aras<n> ba<det><def><dst> sirpi<adj> kaia<v><pres><p3> → (eng) The<det> horse <n> be<vbser><pres><p3><sg> small<adj>
Subject Deletion
Unlike English, first person verbs can stand alone to make a grammatically correct sentence.
- (miq) wapri → (eng) I walked
- (miq) wapri<v><past><p1> → (eng) I<prn><p1> walked<vblex><past>
Plurals
In Miskito, plurality is created by adding the word nani after the noun. In contrast, English creates plurals by adding s to the end of nouns.
- (miq) Aras nani ba → (eng) The horses
- (miq) Aras<n> nani<det><pl><def> ba<det><def><dst> → (eng) The<det><def> horses<n><pl>
Possessives
- (miq) man araskam → (eng) Your horse
- (miq) man<prn><p2> araskam<n><px2sg> → (eng) your<det><px2sg> horse<n>
