Difference between revisions of "Neo-Aramaic/Grammar"

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The root of 'to cook' consists of three consonants, ܒܤܠ ''b-š-l''. One possible form of this verb is ''bašəl'', 'he cooks.'
 
The root of 'to cook' consists of three consonants, ܒܤܠ ''b-š-l''. One possible form of this verb is ''bašəl'', 'he cooks.'
  
{{morphTest|b-š-l{{tag|m}}{{tag|pres}}|bašəl}}
+
{{morphTest|ܒܫܠ{{tag|m}}{{tag|pres}}|bašəl}}
  
 
===Nouns===
 
===Nouns===

Revision as of 22:23, 12 February 2018

All information and examples are taken from The Neo-Aramaic dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi, Geoffrey Khan, 2016, except where otherwise noted.

Parts of Speech

Verbs

Tag: <v>

In Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, the root of a verb consists of three or four consonants. Different inflectional forms of the verb are formed by putting different vowels in between these consonants.

Examples

The root of 'to cook' consists of three consonants, ܒܤܠ b-š-l. One possible form of this verb is bašəl, 'he cooks.'

ܒܫܠ<m><pres> ↔ bašəl

Nouns

Tag: <n>

Adjectives

Tag: <adj>

According to Khan (2016), adjectives function similarly to nouns; in fact, most can actually serve as nouns under the right circumstances. Adjectives are inflected for gender and number.

The root of the word for 'new' consists of two consonants, x-t. One possible surface form of this verb is xatta, which is feminine and singular.

x-t<f><sg> ↔ xatta

Pronouns

Tag: <prn>

Adverbs

Tag: <adv>

Prepositions

Tag: <pr>

In general, prepositions can be attached to pronoun suffixes, full nouns, and sometimes adverbs. There are several prepositions that must be inflected with the enclitic -ət when they are combined with full nouns. On the other hand, there are some prepositions that cannot be directly combined with pronominal suffixes. Those prepositions have to be combined with the "genitive particle" diyy-, which is then inflected with the appropriate pronominal suffix.

The preposition ʾəltəx 'underneath' is an example of a preposition that must be inflected with the enclitic -ət when combined with a full noun.

b-š-l<m><pres> ↔ bašəl