Tiwi/Grammar

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Revision as of 23:17, 4 March 2021 by Erice1 (talk | contribs) (Alternations)

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We based our grammar documentation on the Traditional Tiwi interpretation from Tiwi Today.

Parts of Speech

"The categories for Modern Tiwi are, in general, the same as those for Traditional Tiwi, the main differences being within the classes or sub-classes. Some classes, such as inflected verbs, are much reduced in size, while other classes, such as free verbs, are expanded." Tiwi Today

Nominals

nouns, kin nouns, adjectives, and numerals

Verbals

inflected verbs and free form verbs

Other

predicatives, locatives, temporals, adverbs, particles and interjections

Alternations

Alternation 1

Direct object:

  • pirni<v><tv><past><s_sg3><o_sg3><m> ↔ yipirni

pi-ri-pirni they hit or killed him.

Alternation 2

There are three tenses: past, non-past, and future Past vs. Non-past:

  • wapa<v><tv><nonpast><s_sg3><m> ↔ awapa
  • wapa<v><tv><past><s_sg3><m> ↔ yuwapa
  • pangurlimayi<v><iv><nonpast><s_sg1> ↔ ngipangurlimayi
  • pangurlimayi<v><iv><past><s_sg1> ↔ ngirripangurlimayi

Alternation 3

Alternation 4

Alternation 5

Alternation 6

Alternation 7

Alternation 8

Alternation 9

Alternation 10

Other

  • Examples not in Tiwi