Difference between revisions of "Wamesa and Tongan/Contrastive Grammar"

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(Noun Pluralization)
(ton-wad tests)
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===Present Tense===
 
===Present Tense===
We (two) are happy. (dual).
+
We (dual) are happy.
 
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ma fiefia|tusanevesie}}
 
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ma fiefia|tusanevesie}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ma{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|exl}}{{tag|du}} fiefia{{tag|adj}} |tusanevesie{{tag|}}{{tag|}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ma{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|exl}}{{tag|du}} fiefia{{tag|adj}} |tusanevesie{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|du}}{{tag|excl}}}}
 
===Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)===
 
===Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)===
 
She is not sick.
 
She is not sick.
 
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ʻikai ke puke|piota va}}
 
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ʻikai ke puke|piota va}}
*: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ʻikai{{tag|adj}} ke{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}} puke{{tag|adj}} |piota va{{tag|}}{{tag|}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ʻikai{{tag|adj}} ke{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}} puke{{tag|adj}} |piota{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} va{{tag|neg}}}}
  
 
===Human vs Nonhuman===
 
===Human vs Nonhuman===
 +
They (human) are all happy.
 +
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu|setisanevesie}}
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|}} nau{{tag|}} lata{{tag|}} kotoa{{tag|}} pē{{tag|}} kinautolu{{tag|}}|setisanevesie{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|hum}}}}
  
 
===Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns===
 
===Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns===

Revision as of 23:37, 16 March 2017

contrastive points Tense

  • Present tense marker in tongan

VSO vs SVO
Pronouns

  • Hum vs nohum
  • Ordinary /emotional

Pluralization


ton-wad tests

Present Tense

We (dual) are happy.

  • (ton) ʻoku ma fiefia → (wad) tusanevesie
    (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ma<prn><prepd><p1><exl><du> fiefia<adj> → (wad) tusanevesie<adj><p1><du><excl>

Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)

She is not sick.

  • (ton) ʻoku ʻikai ke puke → (wad) piota va
    (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ʻikai<adj> ke<prn><prepd><p2><sg> puke<adj> → (wad) piota<adj><p3><sg> va<neg>

Human vs Nonhuman

They (human) are all happy.

  • (ton) ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu → (wad) setisanevesie
    (ton) ʻoku<> nau<> lata<> kotoa<><> kinautolu<> → (wad) setisanevesie<adj><p3><pl><hum>

Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns

My cow. (My cherished cow).

  • (ton) siʻaku puaka → (wad) raria imamase
    (ton) siʻaku<prn><poss><emotional> puaka<n><sg> → (wad) raria<><> imamase<><>

Noun Pluralization

The dogs are sick.

  • (ton) ʻoku puke e fanga kuli → (wad) wonapasiat sipota
    (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> sick<adj> e<adj><def> fanga<cl><pl> kuli<n><pl> → (wad) wonapasiat sipota<><>

wad-ton tests