Difference between revisions of "Wamesa and Tongan/Contrastive Grammar"
From LING073
(→Noun Pluralization) |
(→ton-wad tests) |
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===Present Tense=== | ===Present Tense=== | ||
− | We ( | + | We (dual) are happy. |
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ma fiefia|tusanevesie}} | * {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ma fiefia|tusanevesie}} | ||
− | *: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ma{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|exl}}{{tag|du}} fiefia{{tag|adj}} |tusanevesie{{tag|}}{{tag|}}}} | + | *: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ma{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|exl}}{{tag|du}} fiefia{{tag|adj}} |tusanevesie{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|du}}{{tag|excl}}}} |
===Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)=== | ===Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)=== | ||
She is not sick. | She is not sick. | ||
* {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ʻikai ke puke|piota va}} | * {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku ʻikai ke puke|piota va}} | ||
− | *: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ʻikai{{tag|adj}} ke{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}} puke{{tag|adj}} |piota | + | *: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|aux}}{{tag|v}}{{tag|present}} ʻikai{{tag|adj}} ke{{tag|prn}}{{tag|prepd}}{{tag|p2}}{{tag|sg}} puke{{tag|adj}} |piota{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}} va{{tag|neg}}}} |
===Human vs Nonhuman=== | ===Human vs Nonhuman=== | ||
+ | They (human) are all happy. | ||
+ | * {{transferTest|ton|wad|ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu|setisanevesie}} | ||
+ | *: {{transferMorphTest|ton|wad|ʻoku{{tag|}} nau{{tag|}} lata{{tag|}} kotoa{{tag|}} pē{{tag|}} kinautolu{{tag|}}|setisanevesie{{tag|adj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}{{tag|hum}}}} | ||
===Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns=== | ===Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns=== |
Revision as of 23:37, 16 March 2017
contrastive points
Tense
- Present tense marker in tongan
VSO vs SVO
Pronouns
- Hum vs nohum
- Ordinary /emotional
Pluralization
Contents
ton-wad tests
Present Tense
We (dual) are happy.
- (ton) ʻoku ma fiefia → (wad) tusanevesie
- (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ma<prn><prepd><p1><exl><du> fiefia<adj> → (wad) tusanevesie<adj><p1><du><excl>
Sentence structure (VSO vs SVO)
She is not sick.
- (ton) ʻoku ʻikai ke puke → (wad) piota va
- (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> ʻikai<adj> ke<prn><prepd><p2><sg> puke<adj> → (wad) piota<adj><p3><sg> va<neg>
Human vs Nonhuman
They (human) are all happy.
- (ton) ʻoku nau lata kotoa pē kinautolu → (wad) setisanevesie
- (ton) ʻoku<> nau<> lata<> kotoa<> pē<> kinautolu<> → (wad) setisanevesie<adj><p3><pl><hum>
Ordinary/emotional possessive pronouns
My cow. (My cherished cow).
- (ton) siʻaku puaka → (wad) raria imamase
- (ton) siʻaku<prn><poss><emotional> puaka<n><sg> → (wad) raria<><> imamase<><>
Noun Pluralization
The dogs are sick.
- (ton) ʻoku puke e fanga kuli → (wad) wonapasiat sipota
- (ton) ʻoku<aux><v><present> sick<adj> e<adj><def> fanga<cl><pl> kuli<n><pl> → (wad) wonapasiat sipota<><>