Difference between revisions of "Kaingang and Portuguese/Contrastive Grammar"
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'''1) Portuguese has gendered nouns, and Kaingang does not.''' | '''1) Portuguese has gendered nouns, and Kaingang does not.''' | ||
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| + | Inh mré nĩ fi vỹ tỹ, inh kafã fi nĩ. | ||
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| + | Minha esposa é minha companheira | ||
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| + | ''"My wife is my companion."'' | ||
'''2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.''' | '''2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.''' | ||
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Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>. | Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>. | ||
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'''3) Tense is expressed in the verb in Portuguese, and not in Kaingang.''' | '''3) Tense is expressed in the verb in Portuguese, and not in Kaingang.''' | ||
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''"He is his brother-in-law."'' | ''"He is his brother-in-law."'' | ||
| − | Inh mỹ tóg tỹ øn há nĩ ve nĩ. ‘para mi (cir.) ele(s.tóg) tÿ(ind.ex.) parece bom | + | Inh mỹ tóg tỹ øn há nĩ ve nĩ. |
| − | (predicado) é(ind.a.) Tenho a impressão que ele é bom.’ | + | |
| + | ‘para mi (cir.) ele(s.tóg) tÿ(ind.ex.) parece bom(predicado) é(ind.a.) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Tenho a impressão que ele é bom.’ | ||
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Revision as of 01:11, 9 April 2019
Five constrastive differences between Portuguese and Kaingang are:
1) Portuguese has gendered nouns, and Kaingang does not.
Inh mré nĩ fi vỹ tỹ, inh kafã fi nĩ.
Minha esposa é minha companheira
"My wife is my companion."
2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.
Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>.
Meu<prn> filho<n><masc> caçula<adj> morreu<v><3p><past?>.
"My youngest son died"
3) Tense is expressed in the verb in Portuguese, and not in Kaingang.
4) The copula verb "be" is formed with an existance-marking aspect marker in Kaingang, and with a verb in Portuguese.
Tỹ<ex> ti<prn> ã<prn> jãmré<n> nĩ<aspect>.
É<v> seu<prn> cunhado.<n>’
"He is his brother-in-law."
Inh mỹ tóg tỹ øn há nĩ ve nĩ.
‘para mi (cir.) ele(s.tóg) tÿ(ind.ex.) parece bom(predicado) é(ind.a.)
Tenho a impressão que ele é bom.’
5) Kaingang has post-positions, Portuguese has pre-positions.
Nĩ<v><iv><sg> ra<cir>, ẽprã<cir>!
Senta<v><3p> n<prep>o<det> chão<n><masc>!
Sit in the chair!
Ẽg<prn> jagfy<cir> tóg<subj> ter<v>, Jesus<n>.
Por<prep> nós<prn> morreu<v> Jesus<n>.
"Jesus died for us."
