Difference between revisions of "Urum and English/Contrastive Grammar"

From LING073
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Example 5 (Locative Case))
 
(11 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 10: Line 10:
 
== (UUM ‣ ENG) Contrastive Grammar Evaluation ==
 
== (UUM ‣ ENG) Contrastive Grammar Evaluation ==
  
−
Using the ten sentences with all stems translated from the lexical transfer assignment, identify at least five differences between the two languages, trying to cover a range of phenomena (e.g., don't make everything about nouns).
+
{{comment|I fixed spaces and addressed comments about some grammar points -Avykliu1}}
 +
 
 +
 
 +
{{comment|Jonathan, I see your comments. Thank you for the feedback! I cannot work on addressing this right now (2 days left of finals), so perhaps I will revisit these corrections later during another academic year. Otherwise: hello to anyone viewing our wiki! -Scasada1}}
  
 
=== Example 1 (Verb Pronoun Marking) ===
 
=== Example 1 (Verb Pronoun Marking) ===
  
−
In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to create a pronoun from the case of the verb.  
+
In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to choose an English pronoun based on the person/number tags of the verb in Urum.  
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алйым|I find}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алйым|I find}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}|I{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алйых|we find}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алйых|we find}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|we{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}}find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|pl}}|we{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алый|he finds}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алый|he finds}}
Line 26: Line 29:
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алыйлар|they find}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алыйлар|they find}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}}find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|pl}}|they{{tag|prn}}{{tag|subj}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|pl}} find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
=== Example 2 (Verb Past-Tense) ===
 
=== Example 2 (Verb Past-Tense) ===
 +
 +
{{comment|There are spaces missing between the analyses.  Also, I'm not sure this is a real grammar point, since the tag just gets copied?  If it isn't, see if you can get one more grammar point. -JNW}}
  
 
In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to extract the past-tense tags/markers.  
 
In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to extract the past-tense tags/markers.  
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|булду|he found}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|булду|he found}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|бул{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|бул{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алды|he stayed}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алды|he stayed}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}stay{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} stay{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧрдӱ|he saw}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧрдӱ|he saw}}
Line 42: Line 47:
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|хойду|he put}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|хойду|he put}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|хой{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}put{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|хой{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} put{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}}}
  
 
=== Example 3 (Verb Negativity) ===
 
=== Example 3 (Verb Negativity) ===
Line 49: Line 54:
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|булмады|he did not find}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|булмады|he did not find}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|бул{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}not{{tag|adv}} find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|бул{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} not{{tag|adv}} find{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алмады|he did not stay}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|алмады|he did not stay}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}not{{tag|adv}} stay{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|ал{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} not{{tag|adv}} stay{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧрмеди|he did not see}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧрмеди|he did not see}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧр{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}not{{tag|adv}} see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧр{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} not{{tag|adv}} see{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|хоймады|he did not put}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|хоймады|he did not put}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|хой{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}}did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}}not{{tag|adv}} put{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|хой{{tag|v}}{{tag|tv}}{{tag|neg}}{{tag|past}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|he{{tag|prn}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} did{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|past}} not{{tag|adv}} put{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}}}
  
 
=== Example 4 (Ablative Case) ===
 
=== Example 4 (Ablative Case) ===
  
−
In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to create a preposition from the case of the verb.  
+
{{comment|Missing spaces as above. The description doesn't match the phenomenon. -JNW}}
 +
 
 +
In Urum, nouns are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to choose a preposition ("from") if the noun is in Ablative case.
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧктэн|from sky}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧктэн|from sky}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧк{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}}sky{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧк{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}} sky{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|базардан|from market}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|базардан|from market}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|базар{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}}market{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|базар{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}} market{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|завоттан|from factory}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|завоттан|from factory}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|завот{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}}factory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|завот{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}} factory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧйдэн|from village}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧйдэн|from village}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧй{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}}village{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧй{{tag|n}}{{tag|abl}}|from{{tag|pr}} village{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
=== Example 5 (Locative Case) ===
 
=== Example 5 (Locative Case) ===
  
−
In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to create a preposition from the case of the verb.  
+
{{comment|Missing spaces as above. The description doesn't match the phenomenon. -JNW}}
 +
 
 +
In Urum, nouns are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to create a preposition ("in", "on" or "at") if the noun is in Locative case.
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|бахчыда|in sky}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|бахчыда|in sky}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|бахчы{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|in{{tag|pr}}sky{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|бахчы{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|in{{tag|pr}} sky{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|базарда|at market}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|базарда|at market}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|базар{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|at{{tag|pr}}market{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|базар{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|at{{tag|pr}} market{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|бахчыда|at factory}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|бахчыда|at factory}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|завот{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|at{{tag|pr}}factory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|завот{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|at{{tag|pr}} factory{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧйдэ|at village}}
 
* {{transferTest|uum|eng|кӧйдэ|at village}}
−
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧй{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|at{{tag|pr}}village{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
+
*: {{transferMorphTest|uum|eng|кӧй{{tag|n}}{{tag|loc}}|at{{tag|pr}} village{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
  

Latest revision as of 20:13, 11 May 2023

External resources

Transducer Links

Language Pair Repository

(UUM ‣ ENG) Contrastive Grammar Evaluation

I fixed spaces and addressed comments about some grammar points -Avykliu1


Jonathan, I see your comments. Thank you for the feedback! I cannot work on addressing this right now (2 days left of finals), so perhaps I will revisit these corrections later during another academic year. Otherwise: hello to anyone viewing our wiki! -Scasada1

Example 1 (Verb Pronoun Marking)

In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to choose an English pronoun based on the person/number tags of the verb in Urum.

  • (uum) алйым → (eng) I find
    (uum) ал<v><tv><pres><p1><sg> → (eng) I<prn><subj><p1><m><sg> find<vblex><pres>
  • (uum) алйых → (eng) we find
    (uum) ал<v><tv><pres><p1><pl> → (eng) we<prn><subj><p1><mf><pl> find<vblex><pres>
  • (uum) алый → (eng) he finds
    (uum) ал<v><tv><pres><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><subj><p3><m><sg> find<vblex><pres>
  • (uum) алыйлар → (eng) they find
    (uum) ал<v><tv><pres><p3><pl> → (eng) they<prn><subj><p3><mf><pl> find<vblex><pres>

Example 2 (Verb Past-Tense)

There are spaces missing between the analyses. Also, I'm not sure this is a real grammar point, since the tag just gets copied? If it isn't, see if you can get one more grammar point. -JNW

In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to extract the past-tense tags/markers.

  • (uum) булду → (eng) he found
    (uum) бул<v><tv><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> find<vblex><past>
  • (uum) алды → (eng) he stayed
    (uum) ал<v><tv><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> stay<vblex><past>
  • (uum) кӧрдӱ → (eng) he saw
    (uum) кӧр<v><tv><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> see<vblex><past>
  • (uum) хойду → (eng) he put
    (uum) хой<v><tv><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> put<vblex><past>

Example 3 (Verb Negativity)

In Urum, verbs are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to extract the negativity (in conjunction with past from the previous examples).

  • (uum) булмады → (eng) he did not find
    (uum) бул<v><tv><neg><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> did<vblex><past> not<adv> find<vblex><pres>
  • (uum) алмады → (eng) he did not stay
    (uum) ал<v><tv><neg><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> did<vblex><past> not<adv> stay<vblex><pres>
  • (uum) кӧрмеди → (eng) he did not see
    (uum) кӧр<v><tv><neg><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> did<vblex><past> not<adv> see<vblex><pres>
  • (uum) хоймады → (eng) he did not put
    (uum) хой<v><tv><neg><past><p3><sg> → (eng) he<prn><p3><m><sg> did<vblex><past> not<adv> put<vblex><pres>

Example 4 (Ablative Case)

Missing spaces as above. The description doesn't match the phenomenon. -JNW

In Urum, nouns are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to choose a preposition ("from") if the noun is in Ablative case.

  • (uum) кӧктэн → (eng) from sky
    (uum) кӧк<n><abl> → (eng) from<pr> sky<n><sg>
  • (uum) базардан → (eng) from market
    (uum) базар<n><abl> → (eng) from<pr> market<n><sg>
  • (uum) завоттан → (eng) from factory
    (uum) завот<n><abl> → (eng) from<pr> factory<n><sg>
  • (uum) кӧйдэн → (eng) from village
    (uum) кӧй<n><abl> → (eng) from<pr> village<n><sg>

Example 5 (Locative Case)

Missing spaces as above. The description doesn't match the phenomenon. -JNW

In Urum, nouns are agglutinative. In order to translate correctly into English, we need to create a preposition ("in", "on" or "at") if the noun is in Locative case.

  • (uum) бахчыда → (eng) in sky
    (uum) бахчы<n><loc> → (eng) in<pr> sky<n><sg>
  • (uum) базарда → (eng) at market
    (uum) базар<n><loc> → (eng) at<pr> market<n><sg>
  • (uum) бахчыда → (eng) at factory
    (uum) завот<n><loc> → (eng) at<pr> factory<n><sg>
  • (uum) кӧйдэ → (eng) at village
    (uum) кӧй<n><loc> → (eng) at<pr> village<n><sg>