Difference between revisions of "Kaingang and Portuguese/Contrastive Grammar"

Revision as of 00:31, 9 April 2019

Five constrastive differences between Portuguese and Kaingang are:

1) Portuguese has gendered nouns, and Kaingang does not.

2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.

Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>.

Meu<prn> filho<n><masc> caçula<adj> morreu<v><3p><past?>.

"My youngest son died"

3) Tense is expressed in the verb in Portuguese, and not in Kaingang.

4) Aspect is marked via a verb marker in Kaingang, and is expressed in the noun in Portuguese.

5) Kaingang has post-positions, Portuguese has pre-positions.

Nĩ<v><iv><sg> ra<cir>, ẽprã<cir>!

Senta<v><3p> n<prep>o<det> chão<n><masc>!

Sit in the chair!

Ẽg<prn> jagfy<cir> tóg<subj> ter<v>, Jesus<n>.

Por<prep> nós<prn> morreu<v> Jesus<n>.

"Jesus died for us."

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 '''2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.'''
-Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh mỹ tũg<v><iv>.
+Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>.
 Meu<prn> filho<n><masc> caçula<adj> morreu<v><3p><past?>.
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 '''3) Tense is expressed in the verb in Portuguese, and not in Kaingang.'''
 '''4) Aspect is marked via a verb marker in Kaingang, and is expressed in the noun in Portuguese.'''
@@ Line 26: / Line 28: @@
 Senta<v><3p> n<prep>o<det> chão<n><masc>!
+''Sit in the chair!''
+Ẽg<prn> jagfy<cir> tóg<subj> ter<v>, Jesus<n>.
+Por<prep> nós<prn> morreu<v> Jesus<n>.
+''"Jesus died for us."''