Difference between revisions of "Okinawan and Miyako/Contrastive Grammar"

Revision as of 16:25, 13 April 2017

There are three locatives in Okinawan and one (which is also the dative) in Miyako.
There are two allatives in Miyako and one in Okinawan.
There is an associative in Okinawan but not in Miyako.
Medial verbs appear frequently in Okinawan (indicating simultaneous or sequential verbs), but do not seem to appear in Ikema Miyako (though they do in Irabu).
When discussing when things happen (e.g. I went when I was 10), Miyako has a couple of examples that have a word meaning time, but Okinawan does not seem to have anything equivalent.

In Okinawan, there is something that can perhaps be considered a sentence-final particle. There is no equivalent in Miyako.

(ryu) しぇんしぇいたあしいくん → (mvi) ならーすびーっみんかいいでぃい
(ryu) しぇんしぇいたあし<n><pl><all> いくん<v><npst><sf> → (mvi) ならーすびーっみんかい<n><pl><all> いでぃい<v><npst>

(ryu) ぴいじゃあやんんじゃん → (mvi) ひんじゃうどぅみーたい
(ryu) ぴいじゃあや<n><foc> んんじゃん<v><pst><sf> → (mvi) ひんじゃうどぅ <n><acc><foc> みーたい<v><pst>

It seems that pronouns (in particular, second person singular) are dropped more often in Miyako than in Okinawan.

(ryu) やあがかき → (mvi) かきる
(ryu) やあが<pprn><p2><sg><nom> かき<v><imp> → (mvi) かきる<v><imp>

In Okinawan, progressive is expressed with a suffix on the verb. In Miyako, a converb plus the continuous expresses the same idea.

(ryu) あっきんじゃん → (mvi) あいきーゆー
(ryu) あっくん<v><prog><sf> → (mvi) あいきー <v><cvb_abs> ゆー<vaux>

In Miyako, adjectives must either be nominalized or attached to the front of a noun. In Okinawan, either an adverbializer or a verbializer is added to an adjective stem, depending on whether or not it is to be negated.

(ryu) うりやたかはん → (mvi) うらあたかだいむぬ
(ryu) うりや<pprn><p3><sg><top> たかはん<adj><vz><sf> → (mvi) うらあ<pprn><p3><sg><top1> たかだいむぬ<adj><nz>

(mvi) ならーすびーっみんかいいでぃい → (ryu) しぇんしぇいたあしいくん
(mvi) ならーすびーっみんかい<n><pl><all> いでぃい<v><npst> → (ryu) しぇんしぇいたあし<n><pl><all> いくん<v><npst><sf>

(mvi) ひんじゃうどぅみーたい → (ryu) ぴいじゃあやんんじゃん
(mvi) ひんじゃうどぅ <n><acc><foc> みーたい<v><pst> → (ryu) ぴいじゃあや<n><foc> んんじゃん<v><pst><sf>

(mvi) かきる → (ryu) やあがかき
(mvi) かきる<v><imp> → (ryu) やあが<pprn><p2><sg><nom> かき<v><imp>

(mvi) あいきーゆー → (ryu) あっきんじゃん
(mvi) あいきー <v><cvb_abs> ゆー<vaux> → (ryu) あっくん<v><prog><sf>

(mvi) うらあたかだいむぬ → (ryu) うりやたかはん
(mvi) うらあ<pprn><p3><sg><top1> たかだいむぬ<adj><nz> → (ryu) うりや<pprn><p3><sg><top> たかはん<adj><vz><sf>

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 ==Differences between Okinawan and Miyako==
-*There are three locatives in Okinawan and one in Miyako.
+*There are three locatives in Okinawan and one (which is also the dative) in Miyako.
 *There are two allatives in Miyako and one in Okinawan.
 *There is an associative in Okinawan but not in Miyako.
 *Medial verbs appear frequently in Okinawan (indicating simultaneous or sequential verbs), but do not seem to appear in Ikema Miyako (though they do in Irabu).
 *When discussing when things happen (e.g. I went when I was 10), Miyako has a couple of examples that have a word meaning time, but Okinawan does not seem to have anything equivalent.
 ==ryu-mvi tests==